For a physicist, just by using his or her brain, one can understand what room-temperature superconductivity would mean to mankind if it were really realized.
In the early twentieth century, a series of imperialist countries such as Europe and the United States are still at the end of the second industrial revolution.
People have personally experienced the significant contribution that electricity has made in improving human life and promoting social progress.
However, there are still two major problems that have not been fundamentally solved, thus restricting the further development of electric power.
One is the source of electricity.
Today's power plants basically burn fossil fuels, mainly coal, to release heat energy, and then use the steam generated by heating water to drive generators to generate electricity.
The second is the energy loss during power transmission, especially the longer the transmission distance, the more energy is lost.
This results in people having to build power plants nearby in industrial areas and shorten the distance to reduce losses as much as possible.
If room temperature superconductivity under normal pressure can really be achieved, it does not even require room temperature. It only needs to be around the melting point of ice, zero degrees Celsius, or the sublimation point of solid carbon dioxide, which is around two hundred Kelvin. If superconductivity under normal pressure can be achieved, it will be of great benefit to mankind. It can be regarded as half of the industrial revolution.
In terms of electric transportation, no matter how far the distance is, it is no longer a problem.
In terms of transportation, two-wheeled electric vehicles can run faster than F1 racing cars.
Moreover, the battery energy storage problem can also be solved. When the time comes, it will be faster to fully charge an electric vehicle than to fill up a gas vehicle.
After achieving room-temperature superconductivity, let’s not build any maglev trains. After all, it is still inconvenient to be bound by tracks.
Wouldn’t it be nice to go directly to the maglev highway?
Chip technology can also advance by leaps and bounds with the realization of superconductivity. If the heat dissipation problem that has been restricting chip development is suddenly solved, the chip's computing power will also be greatly improved.
Perhaps the artificial intelligence then will be even more amazing than ChatGPT, which looks beautiful at first glance.
As for how to solve the energy shortage problem caused by superconductivity?
Come on, we have already mastered superconducting technology, so isn’t controllable nuclear fusion a matter of time?
It is said above that room temperature superconductivity contributed to half of the industrial revolution, and controllable nuclear fusion made up the remaining half.
Together, these two technologies can launch a complete industrial revolution.
Maybe then human society will really be able to enter communism.
Regarding the third industrial revolution, some say it is aerospace, some say electronic computers, some say it is biotechnology, and some say it is nanotechnology...
But how do these things compare with "superconductivity" plus "controllable nuclear fusion"?
In 1986, two physicists in Zurich, Switzerland, Johannes Bednorz and Carl Miller, developed ceramic superconductors, breaking the long-standing expectations with a critical temperature of "up to" thirty-three Kelvin. The view that the critical temperature of superconducting cannot exceed thirty Kelvin.
As a result, the next year, the two of them won the Nobel Prize in Physics for their achievements in ceramic superconductivity.
This speed of winning prizes is already very fast in the history of Nobel Prizes, which shows how strong the physics community is in its desire to achieve a breakthrough in superconducting technology.
Chen Muwu previously deceived Yoshio Nishina of Copenhagen and asked him to leave Denmark to study superconductivity at Leiden University in the Netherlands. His original intention was to allow himself to distort their technology tree.
But now he feels that his actions may have been unintentional.
If Yoshio Nishina was poisoned due to excessive exposure to the metal thallium and eventually died young, Chen Muwu might say that this is a great regret for the world of physics. There will always be heroes who sacrifice themselves on the road to explore the truth.
If the above situation did not happen, Yoshio Nishina would have achieved success in his studies in Europe and returned home safely.
Then according to the original development trajectory of history, he still became the person in charge of the "Benevolence Project" to study the atomic bomb. Then Chen Muwu was confident that he would send a fat man and a little boy to that neighboring country with only a strip of water a few years in advance.
But after returning to China, Nishina Yoshio did not initiate and participate in the "Benevolence Project", but was successfully led by Chen Muwu to the "right path" of superconducting, and spread his branches in his country, cultivating a number of students. If many of his disciples and disciples devote themselves to the cause of superconducting one after another, maybe in this timeline, I can really make some big news in superconducting research.
Although there are a lot of academic fraud problems in this book, compared with the third brother, they really pale into insignificance.
One of the most remarkable properties of superconductivity is that the resistance becomes zero.
However, just because the resistance becomes zero, it does not mean that the material has entered the superconducting state.
It's a very simple thing. You take a multimeter and adjust it to the level for measuring resistance.
Then connect the two test leads to each other, and the resistance displayed on the multimeter is also zero.
Does this mean that the two test leads of the multimeter also enter the superconducting state under normal temperature and pressure?
cannot!
This can only mean that you short-circuited the multimeter!
After all, I still have a little sense of shame. After the academic Daji who was pointed out for academic fraud a few years ago, I can go through the process of "apologize and bow".
If that doesn't work, you can ask your mentor to commit suicide and apologize.
But the third brother's academic fraud did not cause any psychological pressure at all.
When faced with the fact that others pointed out that the experimental phenomenon could not be reproduced, the solution they gave was to ask another third brother to come forward and use the materials provided by the previous third brother to prove that the previous third brother There is nothing wrong with my experiment.
However, the preparation method of the materials will not be disclosed, nor will the prepared materials.
As for why you made the same material but failed to achieve room temperature superconductivity?
That is probably because the environment on the west coast of the Pacific is not suitable for room temperature superconductivity research. Room temperature superconductivity can only be achieved on the east coast of the Pacific.
What is this country like? I pondered and asked...
For all the above reasons, Chen Muwu does not think that his promotion to Raman today that "superconductivity will be the mainstream of physics in the future" will have any practical effect.
He just saw this pioneer of Indian physics today and couldn't help but want to complain. He didn't expect Raman to be successfully deceived by him. He took everything he said to heart. After returning to India, Immediately, a low-temperature physics team was formed at the University of Calcutta to conduct scientific research on superconductivity.
After all, India has not left Asia and joined Europe after experiencing the second industrial revolution, but has already entered the stage of imperialism.
Chen Muwu can't say who is poorer between India now and the Republic of China.
But he believes that the educational level of the two countries is basically the same.
Although in terms of higher education, India may be slightly better. After all, they produced Raman, Bose and Chandrasekhar during this period.
However, the main problem faced by both countries in education is the same, that is, basic education is not universal.
Without basic education to continuously provide a large amount of fresh blood for scientific research, it will never be possible to establish a solid scientific research system.
Although Raman has been engaged in promoting the development of education in India, his so-called education only serves high-caste people, and low-caste people are not considered human beings at all.
Chen Muwu only hoped that after Raman returned to China, he could popularize superconductivity in the country, so that his compatriots would not turn superconductivity into a theology in a hundred years.
In addition, this issue about education in India is also something Chen Muwu also has to face.
He built a school in Sweden, which to a certain extent could bring higher education to a higher level in the Republic of China.
But without basic education, no matter how magnificently developed higher education is, it is nothing more than a castle in the air.
Should we raise another amount of money and send it back to China to make arrangements for basic education in advance in Sichuan, Chongqing and Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia areas?
Raman and Chen Muwu chatted all morning in the David Faraday Laboratory, and the topics covered various aspects of physics, education, etc.
Apart from some inconvenience in communication due to accent issues, the two of them basically had a good time talking to each other.
At the end of the conversation, Raman asked Chen Muwu another question, or a request.
He asked Chen Muwu if he could recommend some Indian students to him in the future so that they could study abroad at Cambridge University and do something under Chen Muwu.
"I have a nephew who is very smart, but I feel that if he stays in India, his future and development will be delayed by the education level there."
It seems that any attempt to introduce students is all false. Introducing this nephew to Cambridge University is the real purpose of Raman’s last paragraph.
No matter where he goes, he cannot do without the human society. Raman finally came to the UK from India. In addition to attending the Royal Society meeting and having academic exchanges with his physics colleagues, he helped his nephew find a way out, which may also be his future. One of the purposes of travel.
"Of course, no problem. Since it was recommended by you, Professor Raman, then I believe that he must be a very talented person in physics."
Chen Muwu agreed happily because he knew that even if he did not agree to Raman's request, Raman's nephew named Chandrasekhar would study at Cambridge University in the future and eventually win the Nobel Prize.
It's better to give him a favor, since he has nothing to lose anyway.
And maybe by the time Chandrasekhar enrolls in school, he may have left Cambridge and gone to Sweden to engage in education!
Oppenheimer, who had been writing the first draft of the paper on the table next to him, had one ear perked the whole time, eavesdropping on the conversation between the teacher and the Indian.
He felt that there would be no problem for Chen Muwu to find a few students from China. After all, that was the hometown of geniuses.
Whether it is Ye Qisun, his Ph.D. brother at Harvard University, or the two Chinese classmates now at Cambridge University, their knowledge and character have long been recognized by Oppenheimer.
But why did Teacher Chen agree to recruit Indian students? Did he want to see the cobra show?
Among those who had objections to Chen Muwu's move was Chadwick, who was conducting experiments on the side.
After Raman left, he also expressed his opinion to Chen Muwu: "Dr. Chen, if you agree to recruit that Indian without permission, you may make Sir Rutherford unhappy. Who knows that Indian What level is it exactly?”
The original intention of Chadwick's words was to say that Chen Muwu had never met Raman's nephew, so he rashly recruited him as a student. Entering the Cavendish Laboratory might add an unlearned and incompetent person to the laboratory. The burden of technology.
But what he said caused the sensitive Oppenheimer to misunderstand.
Because he was recruited into the Cavendish Laboratory by Chen Muwu after he was rejected by Rutherford.
Although he didn't look down on Indians very much, at this moment, Oppenheimer resonated with the Indian he had never met.
Is Chadwick talking about the Indian, or is he using this person to satirize himself?
Before Chen Muwu could speak and explain, Oppenheimer had already replied: "What's wrong with the Indians? Aren't Indians also British? Don't forget that now your Majesty the King of England also has an Indian Where’s the title of emperor!”
"Robert, you'd better change rooms and go write your paper as soon as possible! It's just a first draft, and it doesn't have any profound principles. I've been working on it for a long time and I haven't finished it yet!"
Why are there still quarrels over this matter?
Chen Muwu had a headache. This student who had always been calm finally showed his prickly side.
But now he couldn't offend Chadwick, who was about to fund the particle accelerator, so he could only pretend to scold his students loudly, making Oppenheimer a little aggrieved.
…
The groom-to-be, Chadwick, with the help of Chen Muwu and Kapitsa, finally prepared a new batch of hydrogen containing a large amount of deuterium and deuterated hydrogen.
These hydrogen samples will be taken back to the Cavendish Laboratory at the University of Cambridge by Professor Aston, where experiments will continue to study the various properties of heavy hydrogen.
Chadwick, on the other hand, took a break from his busy schedule and took time to return to Liverpool and get married to his fiancée.
The best man at the wedding was still Kapitsa, and the witness was the bearded Rutherford.
Chen Muwu also went to Liverpool. Before leaving London, he also went to Chinatown to buy a piece of embroidery with mandarin ducks as a wedding gift for Chadwick.
It may be a joy to attend a wedding and witness a couple entering the marriage hall.
On the train back to Cambridgeshire from Liverpool, Rutherford was still smiling.
Although in order to avoid the big smoking gun, Chen Muwu had already sat very far away from Rutherford.
But he still couldn't avoid the question thrown by the teacher: "Chen, now that James is finally married, when do you plan to marry that little girl from the Curie family? I will also be your witness!"
(End of chapter)
