However, Chen Muwu does not plan or need to be the first to publish the experimental results of Raman scattering in order to win the Nobel Prize in Physics, because he now has a theory about gamma ray scattering.
Once Kapitsa and Blackett successfully capture the trace of the recoiling electron in the cloud chamber, it will be even more certain that he will win the prize.
It is estimated that Chen Muwu will win his first Nobel Prize in Physics no later than 1927.
As long as he wins the prize before 1927, Chen Muwu can surpass Lawrence Bragg and become the youngest Nobel Prize winner in history, and will maintain this record until more than 80 years later.
Of course, the person who broke this record was not a younger and more talented physicist than him, but the increasingly politically correct Peace Prize jury, which relied on their increasingly deformed judging vision to select Peace Prize winner.
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There was a public case in history about who first discovered Raman scattering.
Raman submitted his final paper on February 28, 1928, and just a week before that on February 21, two Soviet physicists, Landsberg and Mandelstam, took the lead in domestic physics. Papers on this phenomenon were independently submitted to the journal.
But the Western academic community, which has the right to speak, ultimately chose to name this scattering phenomenon after the Indians who colonized it, rather than name it after people from red countries whose skin color and appearance were similar to theirs.
However, in Sulian, this scattering phenomenon was discovered by physicists jointly, so it was called "joint scattering".
This term has also indirectly influenced our country to a certain extent. In the early physics papers after the founding of the People's Republic of China, the term "joint scattering" appeared much more frequently than the "Raman effect".
Similar to the previous Compton effect, the Raman effect also produces energy exchange between incident light and molecules, thereby changing the wavelength of scattered light.
What is slightly different from the Compton effect is that this time it is molecules that collide with photons, not free electrons in Compton scattering.
To a certain extent, the Raman effect can also confirm the reliability of the light quantum theory. In terms of academic logic, it can be regarded as consistent with Chen Muwu's previous papers.
So since he thought of the Raman effect on the ship, Chen Muwu decided to make it his first experiment after arriving in Cambridge.
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In fact, Chen Muwu was not saving money for the Cavendish Laboratory. He also wanted to ask Rutherford for equipment, because at the time in the university laboratory, the light source he used for Raman scattering was highly monochromatic and accurate. Highly straight laser.
But in 1923, even if Chen Muwu traveled to all corners of the world, he would never be able to find a laser.
Although Einstein proposed the concept of "stimulated radiation" as early as 1917, the first laser beam created by mankind based on this principle had to wait until 1960, decades later.
Chen Muwu felt that there was no need to develop lasers decades in advance just for Raman scattering.
If you want to develop a laser, there is still a lot of preliminary work to be done, such as first proposing the wave equation (Dirac equation) under the relativistic effect.
But before this equation can be born, we must first understand Heisenberg's matrix and Schrödinger's equation, Pauli's exclusion principle, and discover the spin of electrons, etc.
The meal must be eaten one bite at a time, and the road must be walked step by step.
It's not realistic for him to create a ruby laser now, is it?
So after the Duke of York got married and all the physics masters went to London and were not in the laboratory for a few days, Chen Muwu looked around Cavendish, trying to find a working high-pressure mercury lamp.
What he had in mind was that without a laser, he could barely conduct experiments by using a prism to separate a beam of light from a mercury lamp.
But Chen Muwu couldn't find this kind of thing even if he dug three feet in the ground, because it would be more than ten years before the high-pressure mercury lamp was invented.
There is a low-pressure mercury lamp now, but its brightness is too dim, and most of the spectral lines are distributed in the ultraviolet invisible light region, making it very difficult to operate the experiment.
As for neon lamps, which are common neon lights in streets and alleys, the wavelength of the red light they emit is too long, and it is easy for the scattered spectrum and fluorescence spectrum to be mixed together.
In this way, if you want to detect whether it is fluorescence or scattered light, you must add an experiment to test the polarization of the light (this is because fluorescence is not polarizing), making the experimental steps further complicated.
After much thought, Chen Muwu had no choice but to use the oldest method, which was to separate a beam of sunlight for experiments, just like Newton, his old senior at Trinity College, used a prism to discover the dispersion of light.
In the darkroom prepared for him by Rutherford, Chen Muwu cut a small hole in the curtains to draw out a beam of sunlight. He used a lens set to focus and then diverge this beam of sunlight into a thinner beam of parallel light. By passing it through a blue-violet filter, uranium glass and a collimation slit, he obtained a nearly monochromatic light source that could barely be used.
The reason why we choose blue is that firstly, the wavelength of blue light is shorter, so the experimental phenomenon will be more obvious; secondly, blue light is more distributed in sunlight, so it can withstand more refractive losses.
With the light source, the experimental items pure water and pure ethanol, and the complete experimental principles in his brain, he only needed to add a little patience, and this experiment was still very easy to do.
The only thing that limited the speed of Chen Muwu's experiments was that the sun's rays were only strongest during a few hours near noon every day. He could only do experiments within this period of time.
But even so, three days later, Chen Muwu successfully found the first scattering line of water molecules in the eyepiece of the spectroscope.
He adjusted his excitement and took the first photo of the scattering spectrum line on the photographic film.
The next step is to change the liquid in the container, such as ethanol, acetic acid, etc., and measure and record the specific data of the spectral lines in different liquids.
If Chen Muwu was a professor or team leader, then he could leave the subsequent experiments to his graduate coolies.
If Chen Muwu was doing experiments on the most popular atomic nuclei or radioactivity in the Cavendish Laboratory, and he reported them to Rutherford after achieving the initial results, then Rutherford would probably send someone soon. to assist him in his research.
Unfortunately, Chen Muwu did not meet both conditions. He could only do it himself, changing the experimental materials again and again, and then recording the experimental data again and again.
Only Kapitsa would occasionally come over to help with his pipe during the lunch break, and tell Chen Muwu what new progress he and Blackett had made in their experiments.
