Other topics for prison students are the first of the four subjects of Confucius.
Confucianism pays attention to personal theory...it pays attention to personal writing, conduct, loyalty, and trustworthiness. Among Confucius's disciples, who is the leader in these four subjects will be explained here.
This is the first question. The second question is about four people, Yan Hui who was most admired by Confucius, Zi Lu who was the most politically talented, Ran Qiu who was very talented in military affairs, and Zigong who was the richest. They said this Why are the four people valued by Confucius?
Looking at Han You's topic again, I am speechless.
Those who turn humans into things, those who destroy the laws of nature and have poor desires, have a rebellious and deceitful heart, and engage in lewdness and promiscuity.
The phrase comes from "Book of Rites and Music", which roughly means that people's hearts will be tempted by external things and change. Once this happens, people will become things, annihilating humanity and the kindness bestowed on people by heaven. In essence, there is an endless pursuit of the satisfaction of personal desires.
Han You grabbed the pen and stared at it for a long time before writing a sentence in plain language.
Yes, that's right, what's the matter, isn't the purpose of life for people to spend their lives in the process of constantly satisfying themselves?
After finishing writing, Han You looked at the "second question".
He enjoys using punishment and killing as a threat, and he is so greedy for power!
At first glance, Han You was so angry that he almost wanted to flip the table over. He was kidding.
This time Han You didn’t raise his middle finger, instead he said four big words, I***!
The joy of taking punishment as a threat, and the greed for power to this extent, came from the mouths of two magicians. The period was the second year after Qin Shihuang unified the six kingdoms, which was also the second year after the burning of books in "Burning Books to Entrap Confucianism" .
Many people have a misunderstanding. In fact, the burning of books and the entrapment of Confucians were two separate events, with a time span of one year, but the purpose was the same.
"Historical Records" records that after Qin Shihuang unified the six countries, Prime Minister Li Si believed that the folk "Zhuzi" had too much miscellaneous knowledge. The general meaning is that if this continues, the common people of Qin will easily be led astray. Now they have begun to slander the government and have inconsistent ideas. How can it be done? This is a disease and it needs to be cured. It would be best if from now on, when everyone speaks with sensitive words, they will all become crosses and circles, and all these grandchildren will be blocked.
The First Emperor thought it was reasonable and ordered the burning of other national historical records except "Qin Ji". In addition to the private collection of books in the official doctor's office, the "Book of Songs" and "Shangshu" were to be handed over and burned. He discussed in private about the two books. All will be punished with death. If you dare to use the past to change the present, your clan will be exterminated directly. Those who study privately will be killed even if they are caught.
This is the "burning of books" in the burning of books and the entrapment of Confucianism. In the second year, two warlocks who practiced kung fu and made elixirs, one named Hou and the other named Lu, chatted in private, said these two sentences, and were happy to be tortured. Killing is a prestige, and greed for power leads to this.
He was happy to use torture and killing as a threat, which means that the First Emperor was only a few times, and he liked to use torture and killing to show that he was awesome.
He is so greedy for power that even if he wants to live forever and be the emperor forever, even if he wants to kill Qin Shi Huang, he is like a bear.
Anyway, that's roughly what it meant. Then Qin Shihuang found out about it and was very angry. He asked the censor to conduct an in-depth investigation and finally found that there were more than 460 "students" related to it.
Qin Shihuang had a bad temper, and he dug a hole to bury them all, and they had to be buried alive. This was the second stage of "burning books to entrap Confucians".
Burning books and burying people are two separate events, but from a macro perspective, they actually serve the same purpose, a political purpose.
The first is to consolidate imperial rule, and the second is to unify ideas.
You must know that although Qin Shihuang established the first centralized dynasty in history at that time, it can only be said that he controlled the "body" but not the "mind".
But in fact, it probably has nothing to do with the words of the two alchemists who were willing to torture and kill as a threat and were so greedy for power. Whether there were these two alchemists or not is a different matter.
There is also great controversy about this matter. Many unofficial histories record that because of the entrapment of Confucianism caused by these two alchemists, most of the people buried alive were alchemists and some disciples of "hundred schools", that is, "philosophers" Related disciples.
However, the mainstream view is that it actually has nothing to do with the alchemists. It was the Confucian scholars who Qin Shihuang buried alive.
It is worth mentioning that there is a paragraph in Sima Qian's "Historical Records: Biographies of Confucian Confucians" that says "Up to the end of the Qin Dynasty, poems and books were burned, and sorcerers were trapped." You must know that before the Han Dynasty, Confucian scholars had a very empty position. , which also includes sorcerers, just like the cultural people of later generations. Writers, scholars, teachers, etc. are all called cultural people, and the Confucian scholars also meant the same at that time.
Of course, at that time, there were indeed sorcerers who secretly tried to defeat Qin Shihuang. Judging from the tone of speech and the sorcerers, they were indeed Confucian scholars. You must know that Qin Shihuang's ruling method at that time was based on the core of Legalist ideology.
Whether it was alchemists or Confucian scholars, many Confucian scholars must have died at that time.
Other people's papers test the first of the four subjects of Confucius and the four most outstanding disciples of Confucius.
Looking at Han You again, the first question is ridiculous, Confucianism’s discussion of human nature.
This is a trap question. It is normal for people to have desires. Confucianism requires people to suppress desires, and even suppress human nature and nature. Use Confucian methods to suppress them. To put it more simply, if you don’t study Confucianism, you are a beast. , a beast who doesn’t suppress his desires.
How do you ask Han You to write this? Do you want to write it? You are right.
If you write like this, it is clear that you want to promote Confucianism, just like other Confucian scholars.
But if it were written otherwise, it would be different.
In fact, it doesn't matter. Even if Han You writes a few words perfunctorily, so what? He is not a Confucian scholar himself, and he does not respect Confucianism, so it doesn't matter how he writes.
The second question is about Qin Shi Huang’s burning of books and the entrapment of Confucian scholars.
This is obviously like playing tricks on people. How to evaluate it and how to understand it?
Qin Shihuang has meritorious deeds, but which king in each dynasty and generation has no stains, and these stains have been constantly "misinterpreted", modified, and passed down by people who are interested. History is like an inflatable doll that can be dressed up, and it is not as if future generations want to You can modify it as you like, and Confucian scholars are the best at doing this kind of thing, from writing in Spring and Autumn Period to taking quotes out of context, and finally directly modifying the entire text.
If we do the right thing by burning books and entrapping scholars, then once the papers are leaked, Han You and everyone related to Han You will not be able to get away with it.
Han You wanted to leave, but when he looked at the question again, the more he thought about it, the more something was wrong. What did these old men mean?
In the examination questions, you should write your own thoughts, your own understanding, and your own opinions.
As for the purpose behind Qin Shihuang's burning of books and the entrapment of Confucian scholars, to be honest, it was actually directly related to the power struggle among his ministers.
Li Si, Chun Yuyue and others were all ministers. When they met, they looked like enemies who killed their father. Chun Yuyue proposed to the First Emperor that the feudal princes should be divided according to the ancient law instead of adopting the system of prefectures and counties.
However, Li Si said that this was a demagoguery. Not only should the system of prefectures and counties should not be adopted, but all books recording such things should be destroyed. That's why Qin Shihuang took the action of "burning books".
In fact, this was a power struggle between Li Si and Chun Yuyue and others. Li Si knew very well that if Qin Shihuang adopted Chun Yuyue's suggestion, then the power of the Qin Dynasty's royal family would become greater and greater, and those in Qin Dynasty would become more powerful. The same is true for those who achieved great military exploits in the Korean Unification War. The proposed Chun Yuyue and others will truly influence the court, and Li Si's status will become increasingly unstable.
Under this premise, Li Si gave Qin Shihuang an idea, which eventually turned into "burning books".
Han You raised his pen again, and he suddenly realized a key issue.
These veterans of the Imperial College have more or less mastered some "historical truths" and allowed themselves to "answer the questions" to understand what they think. Maybe it's not the purpose, but what do they want to tell themselves?
"A bunch of old coffins, damn."
Han You didn't like the feeling of being led by others, so he cursed secretly, got up and handed in the paper.
