If the yellow book is the household registration book of ancient people, then the photo ID card is the ID card of the ancient people.
The person who invented the photo-taking post was a powerful character - Shang Yang.
According to Shang Yang's household registration reform, people all over the country need to have a photo ID to prove their identity. Even if they live in a shop, they still have to show their photo ID. Shang suffered this disadvantage...
However, the photo-photography thing seems to have disappeared since the Qin Dynasty, and other types of identification have appeared instead. For example, during the Sui and Tang Dynasties, "fish charms" were used as identification. The "fish charms" were engraved with the names of officials, The fish talisman for high officials (third rank and above) is made of gold, the fifth rank and above are made of silver, and the sixth rank and below are made of copper.
By the time of Xiao Wu, he didn't like the fish talisman, so he changed it to the "turtle talisman", but it just changed into an animal. It was still "the one possessing the fish talisman, to know the high and low, and to answer the call."
During the Northern Song Dynasty, fish charms were no longer used, and waist cards were used instead. In the Ming Dynasty, waist cards were still waist cards, but the name changed, called tooth cards, which may have something to do with the production of ivory and other materials...
But the problem is, no matter what kind of talisman or card, they belong to officials, up to the level of landlords at most. They hang them around their waists for a while and have no connection with ordinary people.
In other words, after the Qin Dynasty, the common people in the world did not have ID cards or ID cards. Those who applied for the ID card were basically at the official level. Of course, they probably did not need to pick a date to apply for the ID card.
The reason for digging is very simple. Farming has been the main occupation in all dynasties. People may not be able to go more than thirty miles away from their hometown in their entire lives. What kind of identity card do they need? Especially in the early Ming Dynasty, farmers only had a small amount of land, and military households only had a small amount of land. They can only be tied up in the guardhouse, and they can't go far. It's not a waste to show someone the ID card.
But time has changed, and most of Hongwu's early policies have been ruined by Zhu Yunwen. Roads have been canceled and commerce has developed. Although the people are still accustomed to staying in place and not traveling far away, this situation will not be possible in the future. Fundamental changes will occur within a hundred years.
However, the progress of commercial activities and large-scale educational activities will inevitably promote population mobility. In addition, infrastructure construction, work in craftsmen's households, cross-provincial recruitment of migrant workers, and industries such as textiles, bookstores, and coal in the capital continue to absorb the population. The problem of population mobility has become more prominent in some commercial cities. has been highlighted.
An employment-based caravan has appeared in the capital. It’s hard to say whether it’s the beginning of capitalism. At least the population entering the city is increasing. The scale of the caravans, which often number tens of thousands of people heading south, is enough to make people feel frightened. Without a proper management system, they No matter where you go, it's difficult to investigate and manage. It won't work.
Therefore, it is very important to issue ID cards to people. This is also the basic work of managing population mobility, grasping business trends, avoiding uncontrollable migration, and ensuring public security.
Xie Jin, Ru Jin and others looked at each other in confusion.
"Execute it."
Zhu Yunwen knew that this was a time-consuming and laborious task, but for the sake of long-term considerations and to dig out the shady accounts hidden among the people, he could only do this.
Xie Jin and others retreated. After a few days, the documents were issued and they rushed to the chief envoys across the country.
Taking into account the importance and anti-counterfeiting properties of the photo sticker, the photo sticker is no longer engraved with a piece of wood. Instead, the material of the photo sticker is made of Hongwu treasure banknotes. The treasure banknote lifting department is responsible for the preparation and thickening. It is formed into a brand shape and coated with light wax to protect it from rain.
The Baochao Lifting Department is also unable to prepare so many photo stickers at one time and can only make them in batches. This batch is naturally for officials and their families, the second batch is for the most mobile businessmen and their associates, followed by scholars and people who enter the city, and finally the local people who are not very mobile.
It will take at least three years for photo stickers to be fully popularized, and this matter cannot be rushed.
Hongjiang became a commercial city. Under the personal platform of Huguang Chief Minister Zhou Zheng, countless merchants gathered in Hongjiang and purchased countless treasures from Cochin, and then dispersed them across the country, further enhancing the status of Hongjiang City. .
Zhou Zheng seized the opportunity and made a lot of money with commercial taxes. In order to ensure that Hongjiang became a prosperous commercial city, he geniusly came up with ways to attract investment and sent people everywhere to Suzhou, Hangzhou, Beijing, and Peiping, Kaifeng and other places spread news, saying how good Hongjiang is, how rich the surrounding resources are, how good it is to settle in Hongjiang, and how good Feng Shui is there even after death...
In order to eliminate the potential danger caused by chieftain robbery, Zhou Zheng personally led people to meet with chieftains from various places. In simple terms, whoever robs merchants should ask Zhang Fu to come to Huguang. Whoever takes care of merchants will get rich in the future. One serving.
Under the dual influence of Zhang Fu and Carrot, the chieftains in Huguang became honest. After all, no one wanted Zhang Fu to go on a business trip to Huguang. I heard that Zhang Fu killed another chieftain in Guangxi, with more than 800 people, just because the chieftain robbed him. He took away a caravan of goods and killed five men.
The reputation of human slaughter is not blown out, but killed. No one can offend a madman, not to mention that they have agreed to split the money. As for whether it will be divided into five taels or fifty taels, two carts of ceramics or one cart of pork, then Just look at them, don’t dare to force it.
Chang Baiye was sitting in the house he bought in Hongjiang City. The plantains were green and the parasol trees were in the shade. Hou Qianqian picked a budding lotus in the pond outside the door. He walked to the atrium with a smile and looked at Chang who was flipping through the book. Bai Ye said: "How long have you been reading this "Zhufan Chronicles"? Do you see any tricks in it?"
"I haven't gained much. The content recorded here is somewhat different from the content spread in Nanyang, but it is generally consistent. It can be imagined that in the Song Dynasty, the people in the Shipping Department had a clear understanding of overseas countries. understanding.”
Chang Baiye closed the book.
Hou Qianqian took out a vase and put lotus flowers in it: "The paper has to come and go. The best way to understand Nanyang is to go to Nanyang. Now that Ming Dynasty has Jiaozhi, it will only take a month to go to Old Port slower. Yes, as long as we don’t encounter storms and waves on the way, there isn’t much danger.”
Chang Baiye shook his head slightly: "I am not afraid of danger, but I am worried that Shanxi merchants entering Nanyang will cause resistance from Huizhou merchants, Zhejiang merchants and others. You know, they regard Nanyang as their back garden and will not touch the north. business, and we have crossed the river and entered Suzhou and other places, which has caused their uneasiness..."
Hou Qianqian also knew this. If Huizhou merchants also entered Shanxi and competed with Shanxi merchants for northern trade, the Shanxi merchants would not be happy and would even organize merchants to fight back, boycott and drive them out.
"Having said that, Nanyang has great benefits after all."
Hou Qianqian didn't want to give up the benefits he was about to get.
Chang Baiye knows that there are countless profits to be made in Nanyang. If you bring a piece of ceramics to Nanyang, the profit will be at least eight times, some even ten times. If you buy another batch of goods from Nanyang and return to the Ming Dynasty, the profit will be several times higher. , more than ten times the profit.
Zheng He's navy fleet is probably the only one that does not make money from sailing. After all, the navy is not a caravan and does not focus on profit. However, the additional benefits brought by the routes it opened are immeasurable...
If only Zheng He's navy traveled back and forth across Southeast Asia, the imperial court would be overwhelmed sooner or later. However, if merchant ships followed and a stable trade was formed, the tax collected by the Shipping Department alone would be enough to support an additional fleet of watercraft.
"I'm thinking whether we should abandon Nanyang and focus on trade in Annam, Champa, Siam and other places."
Chang Baiye said in deep thought.
Hou Qianqian frowned slightly, a little unwillingly: "But Luzon, Balni, Java and our old port are all places rich in products. I heard that there are some gem countries in distant Western countries..."
Chang Baiye sighed: "If you want to go to the Gemstone Country, it may take a year and a half, or even two years, to go back and forth. In such a long time, if there is a risk, you will suffer heavy losses."
Hou Qianqian pouted: "You dare to go to Beiyuan's camp, why are you afraid of Nanyang?"
Chang Baiye stretched out his hand to grab Hou Qianqian and said in a low voice: "I'm not afraid of Nanyang, but I think that as Shanxi merchants, we have gone far enough into places like Jiaozhi. If we go any further, it would be too big. We have also lost our roots a bit. Our focus should be on the north, northwest and northeast. Mahamu and others have been canonized as King Shunning by the court, and there is a lot to be gained by going out to trade with them."
"Yili in the northwest made good friends with the Ming Dynasty, and Song Sheng opened a mutual trade outside Jiayuguan. And North Korea in the northeast can trade by sea, until it reaches Tanggu and Tianjin. These places should be the home of our Shanxi merchants .”
Hou Qianqian thought for a moment and nodded slightly: "You want to go back to the Silk Road, right?"
Chang Baiye smiled, lay down in the chair, and crossed his legs: "You have also heard the news, right? Timur in the west is a little dishonest and seems to want to conquer the east. This is our opportunity. Can the small country of Annan What kind of treasures are there? The Timur Empire has plundered countless city-states, and the wealth of Samarkand is probably terrifying."
Hou Qianqian smiled and said: "Let alone Timur's eastward expedition, once the war breaks out, we will not be able to reach Samarkand. It is too far away..."
"Why not? If they can fight from there, we can fight there."
Chang Baiye quickly retorted.
This is a big plan related to his own business empire. How can he just run away and be done with it? If he wants to fight, then he must completely occupy Samarkand, preferably the entire west.
Hou Qianqian rolled his eyes at Chang Baiye. He was addicted to selling wars. The small country of Annan was sold, but Timur's empire was very huge and there was a crippled war god, so it was difficult to fight.
In terms of the strength of the Ming Dynasty, it may be possible to defeat Timur, but it is simply impossible to build such a long supply line and hit Samarkand directly. It would be difficult to reopen the Western Regions and recreate the Silk Road.
Chang Baiye thought for a long time before murmuring softly: "The maritime trade road has opened, is the land Silk Road still far away?"
