"Master, we found this in Qiantang."
Xue Xia took out a book called "Xian Chun Lin'an Zhi" and handed it to Zhu Yunwen.
After Zhu Yunwen took it, he flipped through two pages and asked puzzledly: "This is it?"
Concubine Ning came over and exclaimed: "It's actually "Xian Chun Lin'an Chronicles", you really paid attention."
Xue Xia exited with a smile.
Zhu Yunwen looked at Concubine Ning. Concubine Ning happily took "Xian Chun Lin'an Chronicles", flipped through it, and said to Zhu Yunwen: "Is there anything in this world that your husband doesn't know about?"
Zhu Yunwen was a little depressed, and he said this as if he knew everything.
Concubine Ning turned to one of the pages, with a satisfied smile on her face. She pushed the book in front of Zhu Yunwen and lightly opened her lips: "This book is a local chronicle of the Southern Song Dynasty, written by Qian Shuoyou. It not only records the imperial cities of the Southern Song Dynasty, The central official office also records mountains, rivers, territory, cultural affairs, military equipment, customs, people, historical sites, temples..."
"Isn't it just a local chronicle? What's so strange about it?"
Zhu Yunwen was a little disapproving. When he lowered his head and looked at it, he was instantly attracted by its content.
Concubine Ning looked at Zhu Yunwen proudly and said: "Ordinary local chronicles are not so complete and sophisticated. This book has a rich collection of materials, meticulous research, and orderly organization. But there are few books that can surpass it. The most valuable thing is that the drawings here are There are a large number of maps, including maps of the imperial city and the capital at that time, as well as maps of counties in Zhejiang, and of course, there is also a map that you must be interested in..."
Zhu Yunwen looked at "Xianchun Lin'an Chronicle" carefully, nodded and said: "Map of the West Lake!"
There is a clear map of the West Lake in this book, and it is also a comprehensive map of the West Lake lake and mountain landscape. However, the layout is not in the direction of up north, down south, left west, right east. Instead, the layout is up west, down east. Left-south-right-north direction.
From this angle, it seems that the painter was standing in Lin'an (Hangzhou) City on the east embankment of the West Lake and looking down at the West Lake.
The picture goes from near to far, and the terrain goes from low to high, giving it a very layered feel.
Lin'an is drawn nearby, and the West Lake occupies the center of the picture. The West Lake is surrounded by mountains on three sides, with the mountains as a backdrop. Looking at the West Lake in the painting, it is bounded by Su Causeway and Bai Causeway, which divides the lake into different areas; it is bounded by the "Langdang Ridge Mountains Dividing North and South", which divides the Wulin mountains into north and south.
In addition to the West Lake, this map also specifically marks the political boundaries, military garrisoning, and river and road directions around the West Lake during the Southern Song Dynasty. Qian County, Changhua County, Xincheng County, Fuyang County, etc. are clearly marked.
Although this map is extremely rare, it must be noted that it is just a simple drawing. It is not colored and does not show details. It is just a simple outline and a general introduction.
Even so, it was enough to amaze Zhu Yunwen, because the accuracy of this picture is almost comparable to the tourist maps of later generations!
You must know that in ancient times, there were no satellites, no airplanes, and no advanced surveying and mapping instruments. In the Southern Song Dynasty, the scale, orientation, accuracy, etc. were already so excellent. How can we not be amazed?
In fact, the achievements of the ancients in atlas (maps) have been ignored by later generations.
At least four thousand years ago, the Chinese had mastered the method of drawing maps. The "Nine Cauldron Maps" were recorded in "Zuo Zhuan". In "Zhou Li", there are as many as seventeen records about maps, and even Corresponding official positions were also set up, such as "Tianguan Zhongzai and Secretary", who are responsible for "controlling the map of the country and the map of the land"; "Digguan Situ and Da Situ" are responsible for "controlling the map of the land and its people for the establishment of the state" The number is used to assist the king and appease the country."
When Xia Yu controlled floods, historical records record that "the left criterion and the right rule were recorded at four o'clock in order to open up the nine states and connect the nine roads." The criterion and the rules are exactly measuring tools. It seems that at that time, Dayu was already measuring the land of the Central Plains.
When talking about ancient maps, we cannot fail to mention one of the most famous figures:
Pei Xiu during the Jin Dynasty!
Pei Xiu can be said to be a master of map making. He compiled the earliest atlas in Chinese history, the "Yugong Regional Map", and created the six styles of cartography:
"Fraction" (scale), "Zhunwang" (azimuth angle), "Daoli" (straight-line distance), "Gaoxia" (relative altitude), "Fangxie" (surface flatness) and "straightforwardness" ( distance after taking into account terrain).
The first "three bodies" are the core elements, and the latter "three bodies" are auxiliary correction elements.
It can be said that the ancient Chinese had to thank Pei Xiu for standardizing the process of making maps, and it was he who laid down the theory of cartography.
In addition to Pei Xiu's "six-body cartography" method, the Chinese also have another method of cartography, which is "planning and drawing squares".
The so-called "planning miles and squares" is to first draw a grid on the map, and the side length of each grid is a certain number of miles, and then draw the content on the map to ensure the accuracy of the map.
For example, Jia Dan of the Tang Dynasty's "Map of Huayi in the Sea" and "Map of Prefectures and Counties in the World" by Shen Kuo of the Northern Song Dynasty both adopted the "planning and drawing method", and their accuracy is enough to amaze future generations.
Of course, Guo Shoujing, a mathematician from the Yuan Dynasty, also contributed to the map industry and creatively proposed the concept of "elevation". Don't think that these things are only available to later generations. Our ancestors were using them hundreds of years ago... …
Zhu Yunwen was looking at the picture of the West Lake in "Xian Chun Lin'an Chronicles" and was chatting and laughing with Concubine Ning. The boat curtain was opened, and Xue Xia reported: "Sir, the river ahead has become narrower, so I'm afraid the boat won't be able to sail."
"The river narrowed?"
Zhu Yunwen was a little surprised. He walked out of the cabin and looked into the distance. Looking at the suddenly narrowed river in front of him, he couldn't help but frown: "The narrowing of the river is too sudden. Once there is a flood, wouldn't it be easy to cause a disaster here?"
Since the river was impassable and the city of Hangzhou was not far away, Zhu Yunwen ordered them to go ashore nearby. There was a simple ferry not far away, and the group headed southwest from the ferry.
Zhu Yunwen looked at Concubine Ning and said, "Let's go to the West Lake first, rest and prepare for a day, and then return to the Han family."
Concubine Ning smiled and said, "Just follow your husband's arrangements."
After walking five miles, you can already see the West Lake in the distance. The haunted place cheered up the somewhat tired Zhu Yunwen.
"In the Song Dynasty, Su Shi once wrote a poem, 'If you want to compare the West Lake to the West Lake, light makeup and heavy makeup are always suitable.' Yang Wanli wrote, 'After all, the scenery of the West Lake in June is not the same as that of the four seasons.' It can be seen that these ancients highly respected the West Lake."
Zhu Yunwen said expectantly.
Concubine Ning looked at Zhu Yunwen, took out a handkerchief and wiped the sweat on Zhu Yunwen's forehead, and said, "That is the West Lake in the Song Dynasty."
Zhu Yunwen smiled and said, "I know."
Zhu Yunwen, who was confident that he "knows", finally "doesn't know".
Xue Xia asked the locals and finally pointed to the lake in front of him and said to Zhu Yunwen: "Sir, the West Lake has arrived."
The corners of Zhu Yunwen's mouth trembled, with a look of disbelief on his face. Where was the West Lake in front of him? Isn't this just a big pond two or three miles away?
What about the more than ten miles of West Lake in the former Song Dynasty?
What about the promised prosperity?
In the eyes, there is no prosperity here!
There is a small lake, surrounded by mulberry fields, and some buildings. I don’t know who built it here privately! This is not the West Lake in my dream. It is clearly a cropland built around the lake, plus land for real estate development!
"Are you sure this is West Lake?"
Zhu Yunwen looked around, squinting and looking around, but he couldn't find many familiar figures.
Xue Xia was about to go find someone to ask again, but Concubine Ning stopped Xue Xia and said to Zhu Yunwen: "This is the West Lake."
"This is not West Lake!"
Zhu Yunwen found it difficult to accept.
Where is the promised Xizi, where is the promised paradise...
It's all a lie!
Concubine Ning was a little helpless and pointed to the bridge in the distance and said: "There is a broken bridge, connected to it is the Bai Causeway, and looking further away, the causeway is the Su Causeway..."
Zhu Yunwen looked around and saw that the bridge was a real bridge and the embankment was a real embankment, but there was really no water. Instead, there were mulberry fields. It was clear. Oh, I was wrong. There was still water. There was a river there. There was Two feet wide, there are ships coming and going, the ships are...
Uh, wine boat.
"Why is it like this?"
Zhu Yunwen was full of disappointment. In this situation, in the West Lake, there were no broken bridges and residual snow, and the wind in the courtyard was full of wind. It seemed that he wanted to listen to the evening bell of Nanping, but he probably could only hear the barking of dogs...
Don’t even think about watching fish in Huagang. There isn’t much water left, so just watch the mulberry fields. I don’t know if the Three Pools Reflecting the Moon is still there...
It's pitiful that I came all the way here and saw such a scene. Isn't this bullying?
"Let's break the bridge."
Zhu Yunwen reluctantly accepted the reality and walked towards the broken bridge in despair.
After walking for nearly two miles, they were about to reach the broken bridge. Two big men blocked Zhu Yunwen and others' way. The reason was that the front was the back garden of Sun's family. If you wanted to cross here, you had to pay. Don't ask for much, just ten coins per person.
Zhu Yunwen was depressed. The West Lake was free in ancient times and was also free in later generations. Now that he wants to go shopping, someone actually asks for a ticket?
Why?
When did West Lake become a private homestead and return the back garden? Why don’t your family buy the entire West Lake!
Zhu Yunwen, who was full of anger, just forced his way in.
The two big men couldn't help but get angry when they saw this. They were about to take action, but were frightened by Xue Xia and Sun Dong who came forward and did not dare to move.
"You should know what's going on."
Zhu Yunwen stood on the broken bridge and looked at the small river under the bridge. There were mulberry fields all around. There was no more beautiful West Lake in the world.
Concubine Ning sighed, stood next to Zhu Yunwen, and said softly: "During the Southern Song Dynasty, the beauty of West Lake was unparalleled in the world, and its prosperity was unparalleled. After the Yuan Dynasty destroyed the Southern Song Dynasty, the Yuan Dynasty believed that the main reason for the demise of the Southern Song Dynasty was the indulgence of the Southern Song Dynasty monarchs and ministers. Lakes and mountains are indulged in the West Lake. Therefore, during the reign of Kublai Khan in the Yuan Dynasty, he adopted an attitude of 'abolition but not treatment' towards the West Lake. During the entire Yuan Dynasty, the West Lake was not dredged and managed."
"By the time I came to Taizu, the West Lake was overgrown with weeds, and many places had turned into mulberry fields. In addition, local gentry were entrenched here, and they regarded West Lake as fertile farmland for profit. When I entered the palace three years ago, West Lake was It's still five or six miles wide, and there's still some places to go, but I can't believe it's already so narrow now."
Zhu Yunwen felt a little distressed. Who would have thought that the West Lake, which would be famous in later generations, would be in such a dilapidated state in the early Ming Dynasty. It is estimated that it will disappear completely in a year or two!
Suddenly, Zhu Yunwen thought of something, turned to look at Xue Xia, and asked: "Last year, there was a flood in Hangzhou. It seems to have happened here, right?"
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