On July 25th, there will be a court meeting.
Zhu Yunwen looked at the officials and said solemnly: "The three rivers of Guohe, Suishui and Yingshui have flooded, and many people have been displaced. Do you have any strategies to calm the people?"
All the officials were silent.
Zhuo Jing, the left minister of the Ministry of Household Affairs, came out, holding a wat tablet, and said loudly: "Your Majesty, the most important thing for disaster relief is food. Although Fengyang counties have reserves, the allocation is scattered and the quantity is limited. I may not be able to cope with it. Two or three months long. I believe that the grain from the Jiangsu and Zhejiang granaries should be transferred northward to Fengyang and other places to ensure the effectiveness of disaster relief."
Zhu Yunwen nodded slightly and said: "This is a good statement, but the transfer from Jiangsu and Zhejiang is too slow. First, transfer 10,000 shi from the capital's grain reserves and 5,000 shi from military rations to Dingyuan, Huaiyuan, Fengyang, Lingbi, Mengcheng, In various places in Suzhou, local officials were also ordered to open warehouses to release grain and stabilize the supply."
"According to the order."
Zhuo Jing returned.
Rujun, the Minister of the Ministry of War, came out and said: "Your Majesty, all places are affected by disasters and the people are grieving. I have asked for an order to have the guards in the affected areas and the neighboring guards participate in the disaster relief. The localities invite them and report and act, regardless of geographical boundaries. , so as not to delay the disaster relief opportunity."
Zhu Yunwen frowned.
This is a problem. The guards have their own areas and scopes. Without orders from the Ministry of War, the guards are not allowed to leave their areas.
This gave rise to a big problem. For example, Xuzhou and Suzhou were not far apart. Suzhou was hit by a flood. No matter how miserable the people in Suzhou were, how serious the disaster was, and how much manpower was needed, the sergeants of the Xuzhou Guards opposite could only watch blankly.
Without orders, they could not leave the guard area.
This is a military issue and a sensitive issue.
If there was a disaster in Huaiyuan today, and five or six thousand people from the guard station next door would go over without even saying hello to save a few people, this would be a great act of justice and worthy of encouragement.
But if another day the capital is hit by a disaster, and the surrounding guards come with people, it will be okay if it is for disaster relief, but if it is a part-time job to do the big business of changing the royal family...
This problem is a pitfall.
Zhu Yunwen frowned, looked at Xu Huizu, and said, "Wei Guogong, what do you think?"
Xu Huizu came out and said: "Your Majesty, as far as I know, Fengyang Mansion has sent additional manpower and has no intention of asking for help from the imperial court. If there are requests from various places, good generals can be sent out of the capital in the name of general to control the local areas. This is the only way for the Wei Institute to show its name and be justified."
Zhu Yunwen nodded slightly, and he had no better way at the moment, so he said: "In that case, I will appoint Tie Xuan, the capital of Jinan, as the general of Dingguo, and command the sergeants of the Shandong, Henan, and Fengyang Prefecture Guards. If there is a disaster in various places, we will rush to rescue. , Don't delay. As for the Jinan Dusi, I will transfer Chang Xinghou Geng Bingwen to take charge."
"According to the order."
Xu Huizu and Ru Jin stepped aside.
"Is there still a main part left?"
Zhu Yunwen asked.
Lian Zining, the censor of Youdu, saw that there was no more report, so he stood up and said loudly: "I have this report."
Zhu Yunwen looked at Lian Zining. Although this person was also the chief officer of the Metropolitan Procuratorate, he was different from Jing Qing.
Jing Qing is an honest person, but his character is a bit stubborn, and sometimes even paranoid.
Zhu Yunwen wanted Jing Qing to go home several times, but he couldn't find the problem and was too embarrassed to fire him directly. In addition, it was not a bad thing to have a rigid person nagging him, so he endured it.
Compared with Jing Qing, Lian Zining's thoughts are obviously more flexible. He will not rest on his laurels, dare to deny himself at the moment, and can admit his mistakes and correct them.
Zhu Yunwen looked at Lian Zining and said, "Speak."
Lian Zi Ning solemnly said in a loud voice: "Your Majesty, I think the imperial court should start an examination as soon as possible to test the abilities of all officials and decide whether to stay or leave..."
He speaks out about the current ills and hits the nail on the head.
Zhu Yunwen glanced at Xie Jin, wondering if it was him who tipped off the news and asked Lian Zining to make a statement. Jie Jin understood what Zhu Yunwen meant and shook his head slightly.
Isn't it the one arranged by Xie Jin?
look
Zi Ning's consciousness is a bit high when he comes to practice.
When Zhu Yunwen was debating at the Imperial Academy, he was already thinking about the "examination". He originally planned to arrange it after the imperial examination, but before Xie Jin could propose the "examination" for officials, there were heavy rains along the Yellow and Huaihe rivers, and the Guohe River burst its banks, and Huaiyuan was destroyed. Flooded...
So the "examination" was postponed again and again.
The magistrate of Huaiyuan County was beaten to death by the people, and no official complained about his injustice.
Zhu Yunwen's evaluation of this matter only used eight words from Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty: "Water can carry a boat, but it can also overturn it."
Lian Zining believes that after the harshness in the early Hongwu period, the fear in the middle period, and the uneasiness in the late period, the imperial officials completely relaxed in the first year of Jianwen.
The result of relaxation is vindictive greed.
The so-called "extremely wealthy and corrupt county is by no means a single county." Lian Zining's resolute voice echoed in the court hall.
Zhu Yunwen nodded frequently, and after Lian Zining finished speaking, he solemnly said: "The examination will be held for civil servants and officials, Qi Haiyu, posthumous title, Minle Yongxi, Xie Jin from the cabinet, Yao Guangxiao of the Hanlin Academy, Qitai, the Minister of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, Ducha Led by the academy practitioner Zi Ning, we formed a four-person examination team to take charge of the internal and external examinations of the capital. We would rather keep our personal affairs in order to rectify the situation!"
After hearing this, all the officials looked a little ugly.
Examination is also called performance appraisal, merit examination, assessment, school examination, etc.
As early as the pre-Qin period, examination classes appeared.
"Shang Shu Shun Dian" records: "Three years of assessment, three tests to depose Zhi Youming", and clarified the assessment method as "depose those who are quiet, and promote those who are bright".
During this period, the assessment system was not yet perfect, but its "three-year assessment" method was used by later generations.
The assessment system was initially formed during the Western Zhou Dynasty and the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, and was divided into two types:
First, the princes and dynasties went to court.
To put it simply, the princes and kings would get on carriages from their homes and go to the capital to report their duties.
Second, the emperor went on a hunting tour.
This eliminates the need to trouble the princes and kings to run around. The emperor leaves the capital once every five years, drives a carriage, hunts, travels, meets a beautiful woman, and arrives at the boundary of a certain princes and kings to see how much land has been cultivated, right? After caring for the elderly and respecting the virtuous, it will be decided whether you will continue to be a prince or you will be abolished.
During the Warring States Period, Shang Yang, Li Si, Wu Qi and other reforms carried out reforms. In order to distinguish military merit and better govern the country, the civil and military officer systems were gradually established.
During this period, the famous "Shangji system" emerged.
The "Shangji system" includes household registration and finance, prison management and punishment of thieves, clan registration, border garrison status, geographical administration, and encouraging teachers to teach farmers and mulberry trees, etc.
The assessment of civil servants in the Qin Dynasty was still based on the "Shangji".
The Han Dynasty not only adopted the "Shangzhi", but also introduced the "Inspection", that is, the governor went to the local area to inspect.
In the Tang Dynasty, assessment gradually improved. Kaogongwailang was set up in the capital to be responsible for the assessment of Beijing officials, and Kaogongwailang was set up in the local area to assess local officials.
In the Song Dynasty, the Juguan Yuan was set up to be responsible for the assessment of Beijing officials, and the Kao Ke Yuan was responsible for the assessment of state and county officials. There was a small examination once a year and a major examination every three years. At this time, the "four virtues" standards were clarified, namely "morality, fairness, diligence, and clear writing."
In the Yuan Dynasty, although there was an assessment system and there were also honest envoys responsible for outing inspections, for the entire Yuan Empire, the state of "emphasis on military affairs and light on literature" was always maintained.
Civil service assessment?
Not many people understand what that thing is, and not many people want to catch it.
When Zhu Yuanzhang summarized the reasons for the demise of the Yuan Dynasty, he believed that the lack of assessment and rampant corrupt officials were a major factor in the demise of the Yuan Dynasty.
In order to prevent the Ming Dynasty from repeating the same mistakes, Zhu Yuanzhang set up a civil servant assessment system in the first year of the founding of the People's Republic of China. In the second year, local civil servants were required to come to the Ministry of Personnel for assessment when their three-year term expired.
After that, Zhu Yuanzhang improved the assessment system again and again.
Zhu Yuanzhang’s civil service assessment only had two contents:
After passing the exam, check it out.
The full score is 369. The first test is in three years, the second test is in six years, and the general test is in nine years.
You have been a county magistrate for three years now, and you can go to the capital to pass the exam. The person who will receive you is either an official from the Ministry of Personnel or an official from the Metropolitan Procuratorate.
If you love the people like your son, work conscientiously, and perform well, your review will read "competent."
Congratulations to the magistrate, no, it should be the magistrate, or the principal. In short, you are about to be promoted.
If you usually sit in the yamen all day long and someone comes to file a lawsuit, you will stand guard. No one will come to see you, so you will sleep. If you are capable but lazy, your evaluation will be "normal".
Then I would also like to congratulate the county magistrate. I will receive a ticket back to my post and work as a county magistrate for another three years.
If you usually prey on the common people, take bribes and take bribes, and take bribes, your review will read "incompetent."
Then you're done. In addition to being deposed, you may also be given a three-year tour of Nanjian.
Inspection includes Beijing inspection and external inspection.
The Beijing inspection, as the name suggests, is only for the assessment of civil servants in the capital. According to the regulations of the imperial court, the Beijing inspection takes place every six years.
The fourth rank is used as the dividing line for Beijing inspection. Officials of fourth rank and above are personally arrested by the emperor. The inspection method is, well, a bit strange, that is:
Listen to your bragging.
Yes, that's it.
You need to write a report first, and then read it to the emperor, explaining clearly how old you are, where you are from, what officials you have held, what awards you have received, what certificates you hold in your hand, whether you understand foreign languages...
All in all, no matter how great it is, how to write it.
Why were high-ranking officials safe during the ancient capital inspection?
The reason is very simple. You write the content yourself and brag about yourself. If you can't make the emperor happy, then why should you be in the court?
For officials of fifth rank and below, it is not safe during inspection in Beijing.
You can't brag about yourself, and the report is not written by you, but by "the Ministry of Personnel, together with the Metropolitan Procuratorate and the chief seal of the court" conduct an inspection. If you unfortunately offend an official of the Ministry of Personnel, Beijing Inspector, or scold a colleague of the Metropolitan Procuratorate, Then you'll be out of luck when it comes to Jingcha.
People can openly and openly avenge private revenge, but you still have no clue.
Therefore, whether it is the Ministry of Personnel or the Metropolitan Procuratorate, sleeping is the most peaceful in the months before the start of the Beijing Procuratorate, because at this time, no one is usually looking for trouble.
After the Beijing inspection, the spittle that had been held in for several months started flying again, and impeachment memorials came one after another...
In the final analysis, the Beijing police only deal with the officials in the capital, and the local officials still need external inspections.
External inspections are divided into two types: pilgrimage inspections and inspection inspections.
No need to say much about the Hajj, let’s go to Beijing to report on my duties.
Inspection and inspection means that the emperor appoints officials to inspect local areas, such as governors, inspectors, and the thirteen supervising censors. The so-called "inspection on behalf of the emperor, the ministers of the vassal, prefectures, and county officials conduct inspections, especially impeachments" Specialize".
Zhu Yunwen believed that the assessment system set up by Zhu Yuanzhang was too crude, and he did not like to listen to bragging, so he decided to change the Beijing inspection and external inspection and unify them into "all inspections".
"Comprehensive inspection" of Beijing officials focuses on examining their abilities and character, and introduces a multi-level inspection system.
For example, if you are the left minister of the household department, during the "full inspection", in addition to writing a self-statement, you also need the superior minister of the household department, the right minister of the household department at the same level, and the subordinate household minister to prepare an anonymous statement report.
Based on all the reports, we will decide whether the officials should stay or go.
"Comprehensive inspection" of local officials still focused on "top planning". In addition to reports from superiors, peers, and subordinates, Zhu Yunwen also added three content reports: "people's customs, public opinion, and public sentiment."
The imperial court appointed censors or governors or inspectors to be responsible for reporting on the "three people".
Just when the officials in the capital were worried and responding to the "full inspection", the county government gate in Dingyuan City, which had been closed for two days, slowly opened. Yu Xin strode out, looked at the setting sun, and said calmly: "It's getting dark. …”
