After Qin Jun turned over and over and studied the iron pot thoroughly, Qin Han stammered and spoke.
"It's done, didn't you see it?"
Qin Jun looked at the surprised Qin Han and didn't know what he was surprised about!
"Can I continue to do it?" Qin Han asked cautiously.
"There's nothing you can't do. With this kind of cast iron pot, it doesn't matter if you cook a few more bites." Qin Jun said.
Now Qin Jun has been able to confirm that this is a cast iron pot and the carbon content is not high.
Because the iron in the sink is relatively brittle and brittle!
"Then let's continue!" Qin Han said with a smile on his face.
Qin Jun was even more smiling. The man who helped with the work was actually so active.
If you have such good employees, why don’t you put them to good use?
Instructing Qin Han to blow the bellows, he selected some suitable steel slag and continued smelting.
Put in enough steel slag and wait for it to melt and remove impurities.
While waiting, Qin Jun found the file and began to repair the iron pot.
The cast iron pot needs to be polished and smoothed, and the edge of the pot needs to be trimmed with a trimming file.
"Xiaojun, it doesn't seem difficult to make an iron pot?"
Qin Han asked while pulling the bellows.
"It's not difficult in the first place. It's hard to make molds. Of course, the refining of iron ore is also a problem. If you have scrap iron, it will be much easier."
Qin Jun didn't mind teaching Qin Han, because this boy was definitely a real person. Even if he taught him, he would never starve his master to death.
Of course, Qin and Han will never learn it in a short while.
Don't think it's easy to make, that's because he has decades of experience.
Qin Jun still has some skills in refining alloys. At least he is good at observing the temperature of molten iron and eliminating bubbles.
These experiences cannot be learned by teaching alone. You must practice it yourself, do it several times, and slowly explore to learn it.
And this requires talent. People who have no talent and are not serious will not be able to learn it no matter how hard they learn.
When the second pot of molten iron is successfully refined, the mold is ready again.
This is the advantage of fixed molds, which can be used repeatedly.
Pour the molten iron into the mold and wait until it cools.
The crucible was put back into the furnace for heating. Qin Jun prevented Qin Han from continuing to put in scrap steel slag. This time he needed to use pure iron oxide.
Using iron oxide, Qin Jun naturally planned to make steel directly!
Obviously, slag that can be used to directly refine pig iron cannot be used.
Pig iron and steel are both mixtures, but have different mechanical strengths and different castability.
The main difference is the carbon content.
Steel contains less than 2.0% carbon, while pig iron has high carbon content, is hard and brittle, and has almost no plasticity.
Pig iron generally contains 90% to 95% iron, and many other impurities.
In addition to the carbon content of 3% to 4.5%, there are also small amounts of silicon, manganese, sulfur, phosphorus, etc.;
Steel is an iron-carbon alloy with a carbon content of 0.03% to 2%, and an iron-carbon alloy with a carbon content of 2% to 4.3% is called pig iron.
Therefore, if you want to directly make steel, you need pure iron ore, which is still relatively difficult for the Qin Army.
However, the raw materials in Qin Jun's hands obviously contain relatively high carbon content, so they are suitable for refining high-carbon steel.
Of course, this also requires luck. After all, there is no way to detect the carbon content of these iron ores.
"Wait a minute, didn't you say you wanted a crowbar? Let's make the mold first, and you can sift the sand!"
"Ah? Crowbar? What crowbar? We don't need it. I think we should continue pouring the iron pot!"
Qin Han glanced at the large iron pot with a diameter of fifty centimeters with excitement, and then got busy again.
He just saw that it was not difficult to pour the iron pot, and he felt that he could do it himself.
Sure enough, his idea was right.
Clean the mold, fasten it firmly, and then light the fire.
When the molten iron is melted, pour it into the mold. When it cools, you can open the mold and get a big iron pot.
Such a large iron pot is very useful in rural areas.
For example, with it, you can split up your family with confidence.
Do you really think that in a family with many sons, the grandsons still do not separate the family when they are seventeen or eighteen years old? It is because the parents hold the financial power of the family and are unwilling to separate the family?
Many times this is not the case. Parents are willing to separate the family, but you have to have pots and pans to separate the family, right? This is all money!
For example, iron pots, buying this thing not only requires money, but also industrial coupons.
Since the 1960s, some light industrial products have required industrial coupons to purchase.
Such as bicycles, sewing machines, watches, antimony pots, iron pots, enamel basins, wool, mosquito nets, etc.
Due to insufficient production quantity and demand exceeding supply, ticket supply to urban residents began in the 1960s.
The government issues coupons for purchasing daily industrial products, also called industrial coupons.
At that time, buying a bicycle required 12 industrial coupons, a sewing machine required 8 coupons, a watch required 5 coupons, and an enamel washbasin required half a coupon.
At that time, the price of industrial coupons traded on the black market was more than 2 yuan per industrial coupon.
So, let’s not talk about the iron pots or industrial coupons, just the money is a bit expensive.
Let’s talk about thin iron pots with a simpler structure. At this time, the small size cost two yuan.
Even a 39-centimeter-diameter basin for kneading noodles costs two yuan and fifty-eight cents.
Qin Jun remembered that the commonly used iron pots with a diameter of 49 centimeters in their area seemed to require two industrial coupons. This was because there was a local place that produced iron pots.
As for the price, it seems to be three eighty yuan a piece.
Today's finished steel seems to only cost 30 cents per pound, and a 49 centimeter diameter iron pot only uses 3.3 pounds of iron.
How much does a pound of scrap iron cost in rural areas now? You can get it for just thirty-five cents!
Even if calculated based on the price of steel, which is 30 cents per pound, using 3.3 pounds of steel, the cost of an iron pan is only one dollar.
And how much does it cost to make an iron pot? Including labor, consumption of coal and tools, how much is it?
After all, the more you produce, the lower your costs are diluted.
Calculating it this way, even if he makes an iron pot with his own hands, it will cost less than one yuan.
With such a small cost, it costs four yuan a piece, and no industrial coupons are required. Isn’t it crazy to sell it?
It's a pity that this definitely belongs to business and speculation!
It is possible to establish a commune enterprise and then sell it openly, but is it necessary?
It depends on the situation. If it is really necessary, it’s not impossible to do it!
Therefore, it’s not that Qin Han’s proposal is impossible, it’s just that it can’t be made big now.
It’s okay to make some and give them to friends and family.
After the four-button large iron pot was completed, Qin Jun stopped making more, because things are rare and valuable.
"If you don't do it, it will get dark soon."
Qin Jun said, reaching out and pouring out all the water in a nearby wooden sink. What was exposed at this time were some iron blocks.
Although these are pig irons with high carbon content, they can be decarburized.
It's a pity that he doesn't have wrought iron in his hand. If he has refined wrought iron, he can make high-carbon steel or medium-carbon steel by directly adding carbon.
The one with low carbon content is wrought iron, and the one with high carbon content is pig iron.
Pig iron has high hardness, but is brittle, making the iron pot easily broken.
Also, cast iron pots conduct low heat, so they need to be heated at high temperatures.
These are all shortcomings. However, because pig iron contains high carbon content, charcoal grilling occurs when cooking, so the dishes produced have a special aroma.
This alone makes many people choose to use cast iron pots for cooking.
Therefore, all the iron pots made by Qin Jun were cast iron pots.
The making of pig iron and steel is an oxidation process.
The basic principle is to use oxygen to react with the carbon in the pig iron at high temperatures.
At this time, carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide gas will be generated, thereby reducing the carbon content in the molten iron to achieve the purpose of decarburization.
However, how much carbon is decarbonized and how much carbon can be reacted over a long period of time are all questions, and these require experience.
What Qin Jun lacks most is experience. Now he only needs to find out the approximate carbon content.
This would require him to experiment a few more times, which would just waste more time.
By the fire, the last bit of pig iron was put into the crucible.
After heating, it can only be burned slowly and little by little.
When it feels almost ready, you can cast it directly.
He has used sand before to outline a number of strip molds.
There are several kinds, big and small.
The thin ones are only one centimeter in diameter, and the thick ones are only three centimeters. These are mainly used for making chisels, chisel knives and chisels.
If the hardness is reached, Qin Jun even thinks about making a few qualified drill bits directly.
The speed is faster this time. After casting, it can be clamped and quenched after it solidifies slightly.
After quenching, it can even be burned and then forged.
Soon, several pointed chisels and flat chisels were made.
Mainly because it's easy, because it only takes a few hits.
"How many more hammer heads need to be made!"
After making a chisel with an edge of three centimeters, Qin Jun looked at the ax in his hand.
The iron quality of this ax is not good, and it is now very worn.
"Huh? Third child, did you make this at home this afternoon?"
At this moment, Qin Jun's sister-in-law Yang Yuanyuan walked into the house.
