How do breech-loading firearms that use metal-cased bullets solve the air leakage problem?
Because the propellant burns in the cartridge case and generates high-temperature and high-pressure gas, which then pushes the warhead forward, it does not burn directly in the barrel like caseless ammunition or paper-cased ammunition.
The bottom and periphery of the cartridge case are closed structures, so there is no problem of tail air leakage at all.
At the same time, after the cartridge case expands driven by the propellant gas, the cartridge case will be closer to the gun bore. In this way, when the warhead leaves the cartridge case, even if the high-temperature and high-pressure gas is poured into the gun bore, it will not be able to pass through the gap between the cartridge case and the gun bore. Passed backward, causing leakage from the locking mechanism at the rear of the gun...
The combination of the two means that breech-loading rifles that use metal shell bullets do not have the problem of air leakage in the tail locking mechanism.
In addition to using metal-cased bullets, according to modern industrial standards, no matter what kind of breech-loading rifle you use with a locking structure, you cannot solve the air leakage problem well.
The Dachu Empire's concept bolt-action breech-loading rifle from the Firearms Research Institute also cannot solve the air leakage problem.
After all, the industrial technology of the Dachu Empire was still limited. In many aspects, it was actually not comparable to that of later countries in the mid-19th century. Therefore, the air leakage problem of this concept rifle was even more serious, and it was not even reliable for actual use. Spectrum.
In this regard, Luo Zhixue also continued to remind his technical experts not to focus on the firearm itself, but also to pay attention to the ammunition problem, so he asked a group of experts from the Firearms Research Institute: bolt-action breech-loading rifled gun The prospects are bright, but the process is tortuous. What we have to do is to continue to study unswervingly and strive to solve the problem as soon as possible.
It is not only necessary to conduct more careful research on the firearm itself, but also on the ammunition system. For example, for the paper shell ammunition currently used, can the paper shell be replaced with a copper shell?
Can the air leakage problem be solved by replacing the paper shell with a thin copper shell? "
Luo Zhixue just mentioned it casually. Anyway, he also knew that even if he proposed a solution now, just like the Mini rifle, it would be impossible to mass-produce custom-made metal equipment with the current industrial strength of the Dachu Empire. Bullets and matching breech-loading rifles.
Even if it can be produced, its extremely high production cost will mean that the military cannot afford it... A rifle worth several hundred yuan, if you shoot the generals of the army and navy one by one, they will not be able to spend so much military expenditure to equip them in batches. A weapon system with breech-loaded metal bullets.
But, it’s okay to give them an idea first, let them study it slowly, and then test a small number of products first.
Luo Zhixue's requirements are not high. He just needs to get some for testing first and build his own test unit of breech-loading rifles. As for large-scale batch equipment, it will not be too late to equip them later when the production cost comes down.
But the research on new weapons... must always be ahead of the advancement of industrial technology.
After seeing the concept version of the bolt-action rifle, Luo Zhixue also saw several other breech-loading rifles with locking schemes, some of which can be fired with live ammunition, but air leakage is generally quite serious.
It's okay to get some small-scale test equipment for such a breech-loading rifle, but large-scale equipment is unnecessary. This thing costs nothing to give to the military, and the military doesn't dare to ask for it... If it really needs to be equipped in batches, the soldiers will have to Rebel.
It was a soldier who went blind because of a leak in his breech-loading rifle...
Therefore, it is very difficult to equip a breech-loading rifle. Don’t expect a metal bullet rifle in a short time. This thing requires too high industrial technology, even higher than any rifled rifle.
With the industrial base of the Da Chu Empire, there is no hope of mass production within ten years. If it is barely produced ten years later, it is probably an extremely expensive weapon.
For paper shell bullets, the problem of air leakage must be solved. It is impossible to completely solve this problem, but through continuous technical improvement, the degree of air leakage can be controlled within an acceptable range.
And this requires the continued efforts of those technical experts.
Luo Zhixue could give them a structural design concept for bolt-action locking, but he could not improve the processing accuracy and completely solve the air leakage problem.
I could give them an idea, so Luo Zhixue reminded the firearms research institute that they could try using rubber gaskets to alleviate the air leakage problem.
As for how to do it specifically, technical experts still need to conduct research and testing to find a feasible solution.
After seeing a variety of front-loaded and breech-loaded rifled rifles, Luo Zhixue also looked at the latest model of the Type 21 flash cap percussion gun in service, which is the Type 21 A-2 type. Some detailed adjustments have been made based on the model. The performance is not improved much, but more to reduce production costs...
In order to control costs, no other major improvements have been made, such as barrel materials and processing accuracy, which remain at the original level.
Anyway, flintlock guns don’t require high processing accuracy. There’s no need to be too high-tech. Just make it as cheap as possible!
Moreover, the military also has to consider that it can be used with the 21-year-old rifles modified from a large number of 13-year-old flintlock rifles, which makes it even more difficult to change.
In fact, the so-called 21-year-old rifles currently equipped in large numbers in the Dachu Empire's military were actually improved from the 13-year-old series of Suifa rifles.
In fact, there are only more than 300,000 newly produced Type 21 rifles, and the remaining more than one million Type 21 percussion guns are all modified from Type 13 flintlocks.
After all, the military can't just leave a large number of 13-year-old rifles unused and then turn around and purchase a large number of new guns.
In this case, in order to avoid a large amount of modification costs and allow soldiers to better adapt. More importantly, in order to reduce production costs, in principle, the Type 21 percussion rifle will not be modified unless it can be modified.
On the other hand, if you want to equip rifled rifles in the future, whether it is a front-loading rifle or a breech-loading rifle, I am afraid that these front-loading rifles will not be able to be modified, because the barrel level is not high enough, and even if you reluctantly modify it, you will have to be wary of using it. Worry about explosion!
The military's plan is actually very simple. It is to first use a large number of 21-type A-1 rifles modified from the 13-year-old Suifa rifles, and then continue to produce some new 21-type rifles. Normal replacement.
When the later rifled rifles are produced and can be used in large-scale service, then we can directly equip a large number of rifled rifles in one step.
As for whether it is a front-loading rifled rifle or a breech-loading rifle, it depends on the subsequent technological research and development progress and the progress of the industrial level. If the situation is good, then directly equip the breech-loading rifle in one step. If the technology is half a bucket of water, Then equip a batch of front-loading rifled rifles for the main force to use. When the breech-loading rifles come out later, the front-loading rifles can be converted into breech-loading rifles.
Although there is not even a shadow of a rifled rifle, the Army already has relevant modification plans and is conducting preliminary research... This research is how to modify the Type 16 front-loading rifled rifle at the lowest possible cost. For breech-loading rifled rifle.
The Army has made over-preparations for its future rifle equipment plan.
On the other hand, the Navy's side is much simpler. The Navy's rifles have always followed the Army's lead... They will use whatever the Army uses, but they will just make improvements to meet the Navy's special needs, such as using a shorter barrel. , pay more attention to anti-corrosion, etc.
After looking at the many messy rifles, Luo Zhixue went to the pistol exhibition area. Compared with the rifles, the pistols had more styles and more complex models... There were all kinds of messy designs.
However, most of them are single-shot pistols, including front-loading rifled pistols and breech-loading rifled pistols... But what caught Luo Zhixue's attention was a repeating pistol. This thing looked like something from his memory. A revolver.
Seeing Luo Zhixue looking at the revolver ahead, the person in charge of the Hebei Company immediately stepped forward and said: "Your Majesty, this is the Tianqi revolver repeating pistol developed by our company for the cavalry troops."
As you can tell from the name, it is the seventh type of pistol developed and produced by the Tianjin Arsenal, a subsidiary of Hebei Arms Company... The factory name plus a numerical number is the naming convention of the defense industry of the Dachu Empire. Except for those large-scale equipment, the year of acquisition Except for numbered standard weapons, other small-scale equipment and weapons are basically named in this way.
Luo Zhixue took a step forward and picked up the Tianqi revolver. After looking at it carefully, he found that this thing was not the real revolver that he remembered, because the bullet chamber of this thing was fixed on the gun body and could not be compared with future generations. The revolver can also be flipped out.
In this case, Luo Zhixue feels that loading may be troublesome.
In other aspects, it is very good. The size is suitable and the weight is a little heavy, but it is within the acceptable range.
The grip has obviously been carefully shot. It is relatively comfortable to hold, and there is rifling in the barrel. Paper-packed bullets can be used in front of the bullet chamber, and a flash cap is installed in the rear. The firing distance is similar to that of a front-loading rifled rifle.
"This gun looks quite novel. It has rifling engraved on it. How about the processing cost?"
The person in charge of Hebei Arms Company immediately said respectfully: "Your Majesty, although the cost of processing rifling for rifles is relatively high now, that is because the barrel of the rifle is too long and the overall processing is relatively difficult. And our cavalry runner The barrel of the pistol is very short, the processing difficulty is relatively low, and the accuracy is easy to control. Although the overall cost is much higher than previous smoothbore pistols, it is not too high!"
"And we also have the advantage of continuous fire. After one reload, the cavalry can fire six times continuously during the battle, which greatly improves the cavalry's close-range firepower."
Luo Zhixue continued to look at the revolver in his hand, then handed it to the person in charge next to him and said, "Arrange for someone to test fire it!"
Again, you’ll know if something works or not by trying it!
At today's weapons exhibition, there were a lot of weapons and equipment that were said to be very flashy, but were actually unreliable... In order to win His Majesty's attention, many people took weapons and equipment that were still under development and could not be put into practical use at all. When it came out, it was just like the previous breech-loading rifle... It sounded nice, but even the air leakage problem could not be solved, and the cost problem could not be solved. It was destined to not be put into actual combat use for many years.
As for the revolver in front of us, we have to wait and see. If the performance is reliable and the cost is not too outrageous, Luo Zhixue really hopes that his cavalry can be equipped with this new revolver repeating pistol. This pair of cavalry The improvement of combat effectiveness is of great benefit.
Maybe the pistol cavalry, which was a short-lived flash in the pan, can reappear in the cavalry troops of the Dachu Empire... I just don't know if the cavalry generals are willing.
After all, the current cavalry generals of the Great Chu Empire are very repulsive to pistols. The cavalry pistols issued to them are basically only used as decorations... Even the latest flash cap firing smoothbore pistols equipped in recent years are not suitable for them. Delighted by the cavalry.
At present, the cavalry troops of the Dachu Empire only use cavalry pistols in combat under special circumstances.
In the past twenty years, pistols have been very embarrassing in the cavalry troops of the Great Chu Empire. The cavalry likes to use sabers on horseback and use rifles directly when dismounting. As for pistols, sorry, they are not included in the tactical options. stuff.
If there is such a revolving rifled pistol, this situation may be changed.
Soon, the test firing began. To Luo Zhixue's expectation, the test firing of this Tianqi revolver was very successful. The shooter fired six rounds of bullets in a very short time. Just at this rate of fire , which attracted Luo Zhixue's great attention.
The live-fire shooting results reported subsequently were also quite good, with a very high target accuracy at a distance of thirty meters, far exceeding the previous single-shot muzzle-loading smoothbore pistols.
And the results of the power test are not bad. After all, the caliber of this thing is not small, a full 12 mm. At the same time, the length of the barrel actually appears to be relatively long when viewed with the eyes of later generations, and the barrel and other parts are relatively long. Thicker to withstand higher chamber pressures.
This also makes the entire pistol reach a relatively heavy level, which is why this pistol is a cavalry pistol, because this thing is relatively heavy and relatively large in size, and can only be used by cavalry.
Because when the cavalry used pistols, they rode directly on horseback. At the same time, they put the pistol bag on the side of the horse's back, and only took out the gun to shoot when using it.
Therefore, the pistols used by the cavalry are relatively larger in caliber, larger in size, and heavier than the self-defense pistols used by the artillery and officers.
And these are all to ensure power!
The Tianqi revolver pistol is enough to kill a horse with one bullet!
At the same time, it can also penetrate personal plate armor at a relatively short distance.
If it is the light plate armor used for exports, it can be penetrated within twenty or thirty meters!
Although the performance of the plate armor exported by the Da Chu Empire is not very good, this is only compared to the light plate armor equipped by the Da Chu Empire itself.
If compared with the armor produced by the indigenous countries, it is absolutely magical... Its defensive capabilities are comparable to heavy armor, but its weight is only that of light armor.
Among the series of weapons and equipment exported by the Da Chu Empire, the export volume of plate armor is larger than that of artillery... Even the Europeans purchase the export plate armor of the Da Chu Empire through various channels. This export volume is large, plus The price is not cheap either, so the plate armor export business of the Da Chu Empire is second only to the export business of muskets. It is even the pillar industry of the defense industry of the Da Chu Empire and can bring a lot of profits to the defense industry of the Da Chu Empire every year.
After all, the light plate armor exported by the Great Chu Empire is not cheap. An ordinary model of light half-length plate armor costs dozens of Chu Yuan, while a full-body armor costs one or two hundred Chu Yuan.
The Tianqi Cavalry Pistol can penetrate these export plate armors, and its performance is absolutely sufficient.
Looking at this pistol, Luo Zhixue could imagine the scene of future cavalry battles.
A group of their own light cavalry rushed over, then took out their pistols and fired, spraying flakes of bullets at the enemy on the opposite side. The scene was much more spectacular than mounted archery with a mounted bow.
But if you want to equip it on a large scale, some problems still need to be solved. For example, the bomb nest structure is fixed and inconvenient to load.
Therefore, Luo Zhixue played with the Tianqi pistol in his hand and said: "This gun is good, very suitable for our cavalry. It would be even better if the magazine could be turned over for easier loading!"
As he spoke, he gestured with the pistol in his hand.
The person in charge of the Hebei Arms Company next to him was stunned for a moment when he heard this. Then he thought for a moment about the benefits that the magazine could bring if it could be flipped. He immediately said with great joy: "Your Majesty's knowledge of firearms, your knowledge of soldiers." It really makes me feel ashamed to understand my needs!”
"After I return, I will ask the technical staff to make corresponding improvements and strive to complete the flip design as soon as possible before I respectfully submit it to the Holy Spirit!"
Luo Zhixue naturally knew that this so-called holy reading was nothing more than trying to use his name to obtain orders from the military.
Pistols have never been taken seriously in the Chu Empire, although there have long been regulations that cavalry are issued with cavalry pistols, and artillery, special technical units, and officers are all issued with self-defense pistols.
In reality, they are indeed issued, but these pistols are basically old items from many years ago... At most, they are only partially modified to use flash caps.
Not to mention cavalry pistols. If the cavalry hadn't been forced to change by superiors, people would have dared to continue using matchlock cavalry pistols!
It's winter in the twenty-fifth year of Du Chengshun, and the cavalry troops of the Chu Empire are still using a large number of antique pistols produced in the early days of the founding of the People's Republic of China... This is unimaginable among other troops!
You ask why the cavalry troops don't replace them... People say we don't use pistols anyway... Just have an old antique to show off, so why waste money on replacing it with a new one?
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I save some money to purchase the latest alloy steel saber. Wouldn’t it be delicious?
The cavalry troops of the Great Chu Empire have always been known for their stubbornness and hypocrisy!
After all, the Tianqi revolver is a cavalry pistol. The Army's cavalry is the largest customer, and the cavalry's rejection of pistols is obvious to all. For many years, they have been reluctant to purchase cavalry pistols, and they have been delayed as long as they can... …
If the cavalry troops don't want this new pistol, Hebei Arms Company will be blinded.
