Chapter 97 New and Old
In fact, Zhu Yuanzhang himself did not feel that he was not necessarily so firm in his heart about future reforms.
It can be seen that Zhu Yuanzhang has made a decision. The original reform of the feudal dynasty was the innovation of the land system in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Zhu Yuanzhang accepted it easily. His reforms of the land system. In the end there was only one tax on the land. Exemption from corvee.
But no one in the world can escape. Liberate the people. Do not tie the people to the land.
However, this is already the limit of what Zhu Yuanzhang can do.
As for other things, he even listened to He Xi's eloquent talk. He understood some things. But understanding is just about understanding. He still has no real feelings about the impact of some things.
At this moment, I see these machines that have been built. It deeply shocked Zhu Yuanzhang.
It is different from the reform of the steel industry.
Although there are many blacksmiths in the world, it is still a small industry overall. Even if all the blacksmiths in the world are unemployed, Zhu Yuanzhang can actually handle it. There are even more blacksmiths converted into farmers. More land can be reclaimed.
However, the textile industry is different. This needs to go deep into every household. The impact is huge. It was simply a stormy sea.
Making money is really making money.
But as a politician, you can't just think about the trivial matter of making money or not. Want more.
In fact, Zhu Yuanzhang may not feel it himself, but in fact there is Zhu Biao in his heart.
The thoughts represented by Zhu Biao are the many national policy ideas that Zhu Yuanzhang had in mind before the 14th year of Hongwu. The only difference is that Zhu Yuanzhang felt at the time that the founding of the People's Republic of China was a time of chaos and instability inside and outside the court. So extreme measures are needed. But future generations will not have to do this.
Before Zhu Biao, he had always been the prince with whom Zhu Yuanzhang was most satisfied. It's because the two people only have hierarchical differences in their thinking on certain things, and there is no essential difference.
Now Zhu Yuanzhang has changed. But Zhu Biao has not changed.
The change of people's thoughts is actually a process. It does not mean that changes can be made immediately. At this moment, Zhu Yuanzhang felt a little timid when facing the unknown of the future.
Suddenly, Zhu Yuanzhang didn't want to talk anymore.
King Yan was even more entangled in his heart, but seeing Zhu Yuanzhang's gloomy face, he did not dare to speak.
After Zhu Yuanzhang visited all the workshops, he left the workshop and suddenly ordered that each workshop should have a female worker representative. He wanted to talk to these people.
------
A while. Dozens of female workers have arrived.
After they saw Zhu Yuanzhang, none of them dared to raise their heads and knelt on the ground, just like quails with their heads down.
Zhu Yuanzhang had a pleasant look on his face and said with a touch of elder kindness, "Everyone, please get up and talk."
However, no one below responded to Zhu Yuanzhang's words. He Xi immediately signaled to a female worker next to her, who muttered something. Only then did these people get up.
Zhu Yuanzhang frowned slightly.
What he hates most is someone isolating himself from everyone. And these words are incomprehensible. It made him subconsciously feel that someone was playing tricks on him.
He Xi quickly explained: "Your Majesty, these people are all Koreans and they don't understand Chinese. I have also been thinking about a convenient way for them to learn Chinese. In my opinion, Pinyin is the best. But that’s it. It’s just that I have little knowledge in this area, and the pronunciation of ancient and modern times is also different, so-------"
Zhu Yuanzhang said: "He Xi, you have done less homework during this period."
He Xi was stunned, wondering why Zhu Yuanzhang said this.
Zhu Yuanzhang said: "Haven't you read my Hongwu Zhengyun?"
He Xi was slightly startled, Zhu Yuanzhang was right. When I first came to Ming Dynasty, I wanted to integrate into this era. He Xi worked very hard and read a lot of books. But after that period of time. He Xi never made any more efforts.
Reading time has also been compressed a lot.
He Xi knew about the book "Hongwu Zhengyun", but he had never read it.
Zhu Yuanzhang saw through He Xi at a glance and said: "Since ancient times, China's methods of cutting sounds and pinyin have their own advantages and disadvantages, which are enough. However, you are right, "Hongwu Zhengyun" is above the temple. We can't go deep into the people, and we will lose my original intention. Let's call the great scholars to discuss it in the Imperial College, and use "Hongwu Zhengyun" as the basis. Create a simple method of cutting sounds so that children can read it at once. "
Immediately, I ordered my left and right to record it and do it after I return.
Since ancient times, speech has been constantly changing. It’s just that many people didn’t notice. It's like the pronunciation of many words now is no longer the ancient pronunciation. The simplest thing is how to pronounce the word "Yiqi".
This problem has never just appeared today.
At the beginning of the founding of the People's Republic of China, Zhu Yuanzhang discovered that many Tang and Song poems did not rhyme. Naturally, the ancient pronunciation has evolved. Moreover, the Mongols went south and brought a large number of barbaric languages. Go deep into all parts of China. And the word has been the same since ancient times. But the dialects vary from place to place.
Whether it is to unify dialects and facilitate communication. It was still to cleanse Hu Feng and rebuild the Han and Tang Dynasties, or it could be said to be a cultural project that made contributions to the new dynasty. For one of these reasons, "Hongwu Zhengyun" came into being. Of course, there is a set of methods of cutting sounds since ancient times.
It’s cumbersome but also has limitations. It is different from the Pinyin method of later generations.
However, this does not mean that the pinyin scheme of later generations is superior to Qie Yun in every aspect. In fact, the modern pinyin scheme cannot fully express the phonetic sounds of Chinese. Many ancient phonetic sounds have been abandoned in the modern pinyin scheme.
In fact, if you pay attention. The words in some dialects cannot be spelled out in Pinyin.
But is this a good thing or a bad thing? It can only be left to future generations to comment on.
The reason why Zhu Yuanzhang did not want to use the pinyin scheme. Not that he had any idea about that. After all, Zhu Yuanzhang is a very realistic person. He actually doesn't care about this little loss. He was just extremely proud in his bones, so he didn't want to use Xiyi's things.
After all, the pinyin scheme draws heavily on knowledge from Western phonology. It's based on Roman pronunciation. Zhu Yuanzhang did not feel that the traditional Chinese phonological system could not accomplish this task. It's just that I didn't think about it before.
After all, since the Song Dynasty, traditional Chinese learning has been emphasizing classics and meanings over elementary schools. The meaning of the classics is naturally a subtle statement of the big meaning, while the primary school is the way of exegesis. How to read a word, how to interpret a word? Although it is boring, it is also the foundation of reading knowledge.
However, the conversation between Zhu Yuanzhang and He Xi. The one who couldn’t understand it the most was King Yan.
Because there are outsiders. Zhu Yuanzhang had some reservations when talking to He Xi, but they both understood what the other meant. But King Yan was an outsider. He knows Qie Yun. But what is Pinyin? I just can’t figure it out. I just feel confused. Don't understand anything.
This is just a small episode.
With the help of an interpreter, Zhu Yuanzhang had a detailed conversation with the Korean female workers below.
The questions asked were all very plain. What are they like in Korea? What it's like here. Have you ever suffered? Do you want to go back to Korea? Are you willing to leave here and farm? etc.
These Korean women answered tremblingly.
When they were in Goryeo, they were just slaves in the palace. There are no more personal rights. A day's work will accomplish nothing. If it cannot be completed on time and quantitatively every day. Someone will whip them. There is pain in it. No need to say more.
Even now many women still have scars on their bodies.
More importantly, cheating is common.
Not even enough food. Hungry. Once you get sick, it is very likely that the person will be thrown into a mass grave before he is dead. Because it is very unlucky for a person to die in the palace.
Zhu Yuanzhang listened indifferently.
Zhu Yuanzhang was very familiar with this kind of life. He has lived such a life since he was a child. Become a novice monk. Life as a beggar. Not much better than these palace ladies. Not even as good as the palace maid's. The palace maid is cheating again. There is always a bowl of rice to eat. They were all really starved to death. The higher ups will also cause trouble for them.
And Zhu Yuanzhang lived a life where he had to find every meal by himself. It's normal to fight to the death over a meal.
The Goryeo Dynasty has reached its end. These female workers were the most profitable part of the Goryeo royal family. Produce large quantities of cloth. But being ignored to this extent is also evident.
But here goes. The eyes of these female workers burst with hope.
A female worker even said in blunt Chinese: "To report to the great emperor, we have done a good job here. We take care of the food every month, with no limit. In addition, we are paid seven buckets of rice per round. Each shift does a good job." Reward. Every month, someone can get one stone of rice. This is something we never dare to think about in Goryeo. The adults say that it is all the grace of the emperor. The slaves have thanked the emperor. The emperor has been a prince for generations. "
That's right. This made King Yan laugh.
What kind of emperor is the great master? He is still the great emperor. Even more bizarre is the talk about princes and princes for all generations. It was simply a curse on the Zhu family. However, it was also obvious that this woman had just learned to speak Chinese. The speech was confusing and the pronunciation was inaccurate. A mess. But the intention is true.
Talk about whether they are willing to return to Korea, or leave the factory and regain their freedom.
Almost everyone was shaking their heads. It's too easy to be willing. In this era, a woman is more of an object and she has no independent personality rights. This is why before you are married, you obey your father, when you are married, you obey your husband, and when your husband dies, you obey your son. All women's power is achieved through men. No matter if this man is a father, a husband, or a son.
This is true in Goryeo, and it is also true in Ming Dynasty.
Goryeo's oppression of women was even more severe than that of the Ming Dynasty. Therefore, here, they can also support each other. Once they leave here, they don't know what kind of situation they will encounter. At that time, you will be truly helpless. I don’t know what will happen.
How could they want to leave?
Zhu Yuanzhang looked at these female workers seriously and liked to see the hypocrisy in their expressions. For a while, he didn't notice it. Use Zhu Yuanzhang's art of recognizing people. I dare not say that no one in front of me is lying. At least they didn't all talk.
Most of it is true.
Zhu Yuanzhang then waved them off. Everyone around him also retreated. Only He Xi, King Yan, was left.
Zhu Yuanzhang said: "Seven buckets of rice a month. Eight stones and four buckets of rice a year. The yield of one acre of paddy fields in the south of the Ming Dynasty is only three or four shi. One person can bear the income of three acres of land. Won't you lose money?"
