Chapter 11 Temperature in Ancient China
This time He Xi came over and brought very few things. Includes blackboard and chalk.
These two things are not difficult to make. He Xi casually asked the servants of the He family to make it.
However, the blackboard is very different from the blackboards of later generations. It is just a piece of wood painted with black paint on one side. As for the chalk, it is nothing more than lime molding. Naturally there are problems of this kind and that. For example, the blackboard is slippery and the writing cannot be seen. As for the chalk, it is very easy to break. It breaks into pieces when pinched.
Just make do.
After all, what I talked about in the morning were all conceptual things, and I didn’t know how to use the blackboard. Although He Xi was a little uncomfortable, she could do it. But things are different now. He simply brought this thing. Ask the carpenter to make a shelf behind you.
Maybe I got used to the rhythm of the morning lectures. He Xi doesn't use the carrot and cabbage suggestion anymore. I can now give lectures freely.
However, the situation today is different.
Perhaps He Xi’s lecture in the morning was really exciting and attracted many students. But they did not dare to come in outside the Yilun Hall, and there were no seats for them inside. Seeing this, He Xi asked them to stand behind or squat on the aisle, but in the end it was not enough.
It should be noted that there are more than 2,000 students in the Imperial College.
He Xi could only ask people to open all the windows. Open all doors. As a result, there was a huge crowd outside Yilun Hall. This is of course because He Xi’s lecture was wonderful. But there are also many people who come to watch the fun.
When Song Ne saw today's situation, his face became more serious. He was usually very serious and unsmiling, but today it was impossible to tell whether he was feeling sad or angry. Only Song Ne himself knew how dissatisfied and disgusted he was in his heart.
But the law does not blame everyone. In today's situation, it seems that the supervisors are eager to learn. It's not easy for him to have any seizures. The attack turned out to be passive. I can only endure it.
After He Xi calmed down and put order in order, he coughed lightly. Although there were hundreds of people densely packed below, there was silence for an instant.
He Xi first took out a flower. Asked: "What kind of flower is this?"
Someone immediately raised their hand, it was none other than Lian Zining.
Lian Zining felt a bit like a He Xi fan at this moment. Cherish every moment you learn from He Xi. After all, knowledge is precious in this era. Even many great Confucian scholars who take classes in the Imperial College only know their true skills when they teach their own private disciples.
But He Xi's lectures were full of useful information. It has a guiding role from a high position. Although some details are missing, some hard work will be enough to make up for them. Regardless of ancient or modern times, truly diligent Chinese students are never afraid of hard work.
He Xi nodded. Lian Zining stood up and said, "This plum blossom."
He Xi gestured and said, "So are there plum blossoms in the north? Are there any students from the north who can answer?"
A student from the north raised his hand and said, "No."
He Xi nodded, asked him to sit down, and said: "Su Dongpo said no. 'Blooming flowers send off the remaining cold, and fruit sets and new fire. Fortunately, there are no plums in Guanzhong, and you are strong enough to make peace.' But has there always been no plum blossoms in Guanzhong? The Book of Songs says: Where is Zhongnan? Where there are plum blossoms. When a gentleman reaches the end, he wears brocade clothes and fox fur. His face is like a dandelion, and he is a king! Where is there in Zhongnan? There are disciplines and halls. When a gentleman reaches the end, he wears black clothes and embroidered clothes. The generals wear jade, Don’t forget the longevity test! In the Book of Songs, this plum blossom is not the same plum blossom as our current plum blossom."
"There is also Zhanbi Qi'ao, and the green bamboo is Yiyi. There are bandits and gentlemen who talk about the bamboo in Qishui and the policy of the Warring States. They also say that the bamboo forest here can make arrows and arrows, which are inexhaustible. But in the Han Dynasty, when the river broke out, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty cut it all to block the breach, and the bamboo in Qishui disappeared. Now in Zhangde and other places, there are no large bamboo forests. Where are the places with large bamboo forests? It is the Yangtze River To the south.”
"Such phenomena made me curious. That is, the temperature was different at different times in ancient times. So what era had the temperature? What impact would the temperature have on this era? So I did some research. Also I have gained something, so I dare to invite you to taste it today."
"But to do this knowledge, we must first have a standard. I set the ice-water mixture to be zero degrees, and the boiling temperature of water to be one hundred. If we divide it equally, we will get a human body temperature of thirty-seven degrees, ten degrees in spring, and over thirty in summer. Degrees up and down, etc. These are not too strict. In this regard, I also hope that better craftsmen can provide me with instruments that can directly measure temperature, so that I can conduct more accurate research. Of course, this is a digression. "
"In the end we came up with a table like this."
Immediately, He Xi waved, and Wang Qianli, who was standing outside the door, took out a paper tube. He Xi opened it, took out a large piece of paper, and asked someone to pin it to the blackboard. This is nothing else. It is the temperature change table from ancient times to the Ming Dynasty.
This is certainly not the result of He Xi’s research.
It is the result of Zhu Kezhen’s research.
There is a book explaining this in his mobile phone. His biggest gain is this chart. He just intercepted a section. From ancient times to the Warring States Period, there was only a period of rapid decline and then rapid rise. According to He Xi, this roughly corresponded to around the time when King Ping moved eastward, and then the temperature slowly dropped. During the Three Kingdoms period, there was another period of rapid decline. Here After that, the temperature rises slowly. It became parallel in the Sui and Tang Dynasties, and then declined rapidly in the late Northern Song Dynasty. There was an increase in the Southern Song Dynasty, and then there was a decline in the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties, which is the present era.
In fact, when this picture came out, He Xi didn't need any explanation. There are so many students here who have their own ideas.
After all, none of the Imperial College students in front of him were children. Although I don’t have a deep study of history. But the most basic thing is the beginning and end of a dynasty, whether it is a time of rule or chaos, we still know.
Even Song Ne was so shocked that he couldn't speak at this moment. He couldn't even evaluate this picture, and Song Ne had never interpreted history from this perspective. Suddenly I felt extremely shallow. But then he came to his senses again. He thought to himself: "This method has merit, and it is most suitable to explain God's will. If the court is peaceful, God will bless it; if the court is in chaos, God will hate it."
Countless people have countless interpretations.
Every period when the temperature drops is a period of chaos, which can be interpreted as the drop in temperature affecting food production. Insufficient food affected the stability of the court, leading to troubled times. But it can also be interpreted according to Song Ne's interpretation of the connection between heaven and man. That is, the court was unruly and abandoned by God, so the temperature dropped, and then all kinds of chaos occurred, and the court perished.
However, even if Song Ne had this thought, he began to listen attentively at this moment, like a most devout student, remembering every key point He Xi said in his heart, preparing to use it to refute He Xi in the future, and then inherit his legacy. Doctrine and make the changes you want.
In fact, such situations abound in history. Only the victors survive. As for the victorious school of thought, it is also normal for there to be some things from other schools of thought. Anyway, they have the highest say.
However, He Xi did not explain this picture directly, but first explained the tables and mathematics. Said: "A lot of knowledge can't be carried out even if it's subtle. Because many subtle expressions can't be carried on. In fact, many literati's notes before also mentioned the issue of improving the climate, but it was only a claw and a half. Why did they I won’t continue the research because I don’t have mathematical tools. Mathematics is the most accurate. Only mathematics can express various phenomena most accurately.”
"So, I suggest that no matter what you study, you should still be an official in the future. In terms of mathematics, you must not be too bad. After all, words can deceive you, words can deceive you, but mathematics cannot."
"Back to this picture, first of all I have to explain that because there is not enough data at hand, and the concept of temperature was created by me, there are no tools to measure temperature. These are all estimates. So there are errors, after all. There are so many ups and downs. But actually the difference between the highest point and the lowest point is only one or two degrees."
"I also hope that you can correct my picture in the future."
"What we're going to talk about next is how to determine the temperature in each era."
He Xi immediately began to explain, measuring the temperatures at which flowers bloom, the temperatures at which plants grow, looking for plants from various places from historical documents, and the growth rings of big trees, etc., etc., a series of aspects.
