There are many organs for autologous transplantation in the human body, including skin, muscles, and bones. In the past few years, there was a cruel surgery in medical aesthetic surgery, namely heightening surgery.
This thing is the result of autologous transplantation. There is one human thigh bone, but there are two bones in the calf.
The structures of the lower limbs and upper limbs are very similar.
However, the radius and ulna of the forelimb of the upper limb play a great role. For example, the rotation of the hand and the flexion and extension of the hand are all achieved by the radius and ulna forming a lever with each other.
Therefore, if there is an accident and the operation of the radius and ulna is not done properly, these functions will often be affected. For example, the general manager of that year was always holding one arm in the video data. This was because the technical conditions at that time were not up to standard, and the function of the old man's arms was affected and he could not stretch.
However, because the flexibility of the feet is not as strong as the hands, the fibula in the tibia and fibula seems to be as ineffective as appendicitis.
Many medical aestheticians have thought about fibula surgery.
By breaking the tibia and fibula and then transplanting the fibula into the tibia, people who need height can achieve their goals without causing any rejection.
In fact, this surgery is really cruel. After the broken bones are transplanted, if the surgery is not done well, the patient will be deformed at best and walk unsteadily at worst.
Many models, in order to achieve this effect, do not hesitate to undergo surgery. As a result, they are often unable to control their height after surgery. Not only do they fail to meet career expectations, they are even worse than before the surgery.
Although the fibula of the tibia and fibula is about the same thickness as the ribs, it is not thick at all, but it forms a triangular relationship with the tibia and ankle.
Once this relationship is broken, standing and walking will still look normal, with a slight bump or acceleration, just like a golden rooster standing on its own, that is, a normal person.
There is also a large category of arteries and veins.
These blood vessels are also large blood vessels.
The most commonly used arterial blood vessel is the radial artery.
That is, when you take your pulse, check to see if there is a blood vessel like the happy pulse. Other superficial arteries are either untouchable or cannot be transplanted. For example, the carotid artery is something that cannot be messed with. This thing is like on TV, the martial arts hero cuts the neck with his palm, and then the person faints. This thing actually exists in reality, but not so fast. Some specially trained people can indeed cause a coma by pinching the opponent's carotid artery.
Because the brain is particularly sensitive to lack of oxygen.
There is also a superficial large artery, which is the artery hidden in the groin. In the early years, addicts injected themselves intravenously. Later, for perhaps a faster pleasure, they injected directly into the artery in the groin. The distance between veins and arteries here is only one or two centimeters. To be honest, many inexperienced doctors and nurses often mistake veins for arteries when taking arterial blood.
Drug addicts, on the other hand, can pierce blood vessels accurately every time. When the addiction comes, their hands will shake like a plague chicken, but they can pierce blood vessels accurately every time. Really, I feel that the nurses’ several years of experience are not as skilled as the addicts who have done it twice. .
Wang Yanan and Xu Xian stood at the bottom and began to cut off the artery. Arteries are more difficult to wrap.
The air pressure tourniquet began to increase the air pressure directly at the elbow joint. In an instant, an arm that had been exposed to wind and sun turned blue and white. The surgical tape was cut upwards along the wrist joint by five to six centimeters.
Then start to separate along the artery. The artery is not cut like a rubber band, it needs to be cut as long as it needs to be.
This thing is like moving a sapling, you must bring soil with you.
The soil of the blood vessels is the nearby muscle tissue.
A walnut-sized aortic valve was directly dug out of the blood vessels in the three-fourth surgery, and then the arteries were tied up and down.
After the ligation was completed, another piece of the wrist joint where the artery was cut was missing. Xu Xian processed the artery and handed it to Zhang Fan. The first step in this process is to trim the edges. According to Zhang Fan's requirements, the blood flap is repaired to fit the shape.
Then he couldn't stay idle. At this time, he and Wang Yanan moved the battlefield to the area near the belly, started to remove the skin, and then filled the skin and muscles near the belly back to the wrist joint.
In the end, I demolished the east wall to repair the west wall, and got two scars on my stomach and wrist for no reason.
The speed of this kind of surgery is
Fast, because over time, the blood vessels will undergo chemical changes, and even if it is transplanted to the brain, blood clots will occur.
This is the famous perfusion re-injury. Because the rescue time is too long, many comatose patients suffer cerebral infarction not long after the bleeding ends after recovering. It is this mechanism that causes trouble again.
Zhang Fan's surgery was very troublesome.
All he has to do now is reroute the artery.
If the Central Artery is compared to the rivers of China, this thing is probably similar to the Pearl River in Yangcheng.
The length is not that long, about the same length as a dog's tail.
But this thing has a large flow. According to the current level of science and technology, China can brag about changing the course of the Yellow River, and if it works hard, it can also regulate the Yangtze River.
But this thing in Pearl River is easy for no one to mess with.
The shortcoming is that it is too powerful and scary.
And now the blood vessel Zhang Fan faces is the Pearl River.
Just like the Pearl River, the surrounding areas are the most developed areas in China.
The blood vessel in Zhang Fan's hand is surrounded by important brain tissue. If he is not careful, he will be in a vegetative state or even unable to get off the operating table.
A group of people gathered around the operating table, and there was silence. Even the sound of the scissors being twisted was so clear.
Repair, transplant.
This stuff is too difficult.
Zhang Fan stood beside the operation, his hands seemed to have not moved from beginning to end, just fixed in silence.
In fact, under the microscope, the tweezers clamped the blood vessels and moved so fast that it was dizzying.
This kind of vascular connection, how can I say it?
It's probably like this, first clamp the artery at both ends to stop the bleeding.
If it had not been clamped, the blood vessel would have been just a black penis on a slender and plump thigh.
Sexy and alluring.
Once it is clamped, it will be the girl's vagina that she took off casually after being hungover. Not only is it twisted and shriveled, but it may also have other odors.
What Zhang Fan had to do was to open an opening in the middle of this shriveled and twisted blood vessel.
This opening cannot be too big. If it is too big, the blood vessels will run out of line, just like the vagina.
But it cannot be too small. If it is too small, it will definitely be a good place for embolism to occur in the future.
Moreover, blood vessels are divided into three layers. The opening of the first layer of mucosa should be small, while the middle layer, which is the smooth muscle layer, should have a wide opening. The opening of the innermost layer should be moderately large or small, and there should be no rough edges.
Because the red blood cells, platelets and the like in blood vessels are too delicate, if they are slightly bumped, they will break or block the place as an abnormality. Therefore, the requirements for this type of surgery cannot be higher. And many doctors cannot master this level when they are young.
After mastering this level, the stability of the hands cannot be reached again. Here, the slight shaking visible to the naked eye is no less than a super earthquake under a high-magnification microscope.
If you are not careful, an unnecessary damage may be an irreparable sequelae of surgery for the patient.
Persevere, persist and persist.
After seven or eight hours of surgery, Zhang Fan could feel that his elbow and wrist joints were like old doors that had lacked oil and water, and there was a harsh friction sound between bones.
It's like foam and glass rubbing against each other. Not only Zhang Fan gritted his teeth and persisted, but also the several assistants outside his head gritted their teeth and persisted.
Zhang Fan needs to be steady, and they need to be even more stable. Even when Zhang Fan moves, they need to maintain the same rhythm uniformly, creating a relatively motionless operating space.
In terms of surgery, as long as one person is involved in many surgeries, there is a high probability that it will drive the development of this discipline.
For example, in the orthopedics department, even if it is a small hospital, as long as there is a big orthopedic surgeon, the entire orthopedics department in this hospital will be improved in less than ten years. General surgery is actually similar. For example, there are experts in laparoscopy. Over the past few years, a group of doctors who have become successful in laparoscopy have accumulated one by one.
But, it doesn’t work outside the head.
This thing requires multiple doctors
Grow together, and it may not be able to drive the entire department.
Therefore, many extracranial hospitals, which were very good in the early years, did not pay attention to this department due to various reasons. When a generation of people retires and passes away, the operations that could be done before may not be possible later.
After being manipulated by Zhang Fan, who almost poached Zhongyong, the outside of the tea hospital in China is now a solid existence.
Outside the operating room, a group of soldiers with smoky faces sat quietly at the door of the operating room.
There was endless annoyance on the face of the sick instructor.
"Why did he push me? I'm already in my forties. Why did he push me?"
Ouyang rushed to the hospital from home early, "Are there any nutritious ingredients in the canteen that are easy to digest?"
"Yes, there is plenty of beef and mutton, as well as all kinds of fresh vegetables, sea fish and freshwater fish. You can use them all." Lao Chen didn't need to ask, these things were all in his mind.
"Tell the people in the cafeteria to use their skills and don't be reluctant to use the materials. Our own children are guarding the door of the operating room now. Judging from their dusty faces, they probably haven't returned to the camp in the past month.
There is nothing we can do to help them, but we need to eat a mouthful of hot rice and drink a mouthful of hot water. "
"Okay!" Lao Chen nodded and went directly to the cafeteria to watch it in person. At the door of the operating room, Bayin and the director of the nursing department personally pulled the little soldiers guarding the door.
"It's still early for the surgery. You guys have been here all night. Don't worry, Zhang Yuan did the surgery himself. It will be fine. Follow my sister to rest for a while and be obedient."
The little soldiers didn't say anything, they just stood stubbornly at the door of the operating room without moving.
The director of the nursing department took a look and said to the leading instructor: "You can't bear them staying here? Look at them. Many of them have unbandaged wounds. You give them an order to let them rest."
The director of the nursing department looked very unhappy.
"Sister, please let us stay here. On the line between life and death, we have not given up on anyone. Now that our comrades are lying inside, we can't sleep even if we sleep on the bed. We will feel better if we stay here."
One sentence, a sentence that sounded like crying, made the Director of the Nursing Department's eyes sore.
She might not understand the friendship between them, but looking at the unshaven man, she felt an inexplicable feeling of distress in her heart.
Bowls of milk, broth, and fish soup were delivered to the hands of these children whose lips were chapped and cracked. They were stirring and stirring. Suddenly a young soldier asked: "Instructor, these are almost ten It's too late, Xiao Wang is hopeless."
