After the intestines were thrown away, Zhang Fan looked at the intestines and felt a little resentful towards Li Hui. If this bastard hadn't always tempted him to smoke when he was in Quark, he probably would never take a puff of a cigarette in his life.
Smoking seems harmless at first.
There is no harm in drinking alcohol before. When you are drunk, you can easily get into trouble. But smoking seems to be okay, even if the girl has bad breath, Green Arrow can still do it.
But looking at the intestines, not only Zhang Fan, but also Zhao Zipeng, who had not quit smoking, began to tremble.
Because Stan, a wealthy man, likes to smoke cigars.
Self-motivated diseases can actually be controlled if drugs are really used, as long as there is a reasonable treatment plan and the patient has good cooperation.
For example, there is a joke in the No. 9 Hospital in Shanghai about a patient suffering from lupus, and her attending doctor was the same age as the patient.
The patient cooperated very well with his attending doctor. The doctor told him not to expose his skin when the sun was strong. The patient never wore short sleeves or skirts again.
As a result, many years passed and the patient lived well, but the doctor finally passed away to another world early because of abnormal sleep.
As for the life of a wealthy person, it is said that people who can make a fortune and make a fortune should have strong self-discipline.
But this one never leaves his hand with his cigar.
Many people say that cigars are okay, cigars are not harmful, and cigars do not enter the lungs.
In fact, this is all a lie.
There was a famous person who smoked cigars and got oral cancer.
Because the oral mucosa can not only be kissed, but also absorbed.
Many drugs are often absorbed sublingually, because this is the fastest way and the fastest way to enter the heart.
For example, nitroglycerin is the kind of life-saving medicine that comes in Chinese porcelain gourds.
Why not swallow it? It must be taken by mouth.
Because this way of taking the drug enters the heart the fastest, even faster than intravenous infusion.
The nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, and various macromolecules in cigars can enter the blood vessels through the oral mucosa.
Then, it hits the blood vessel wall.
Originally, the intestinal blood vessels of patients like Crohn had already become a mess.
But he still smoked cigars desperately.
The result is that the condition worsens and drug control has no effect at all.
So, the only option was surgery.
Zhang Fan put aside the intestines. This kind of putting aside was like a child peeling off the coat of a ham. There was no way to remove the metal at the top of the ham, and children were not stupid. He bit a small opening from the side, then pulled it with his little hand, and the ham was exposed. Got one.
And Zhang Fan's current surgery is actually like this.
First make a small opening in the middle of the intestinal lesion.
Then in this small mouth, start to extend up and down with the scissors.
How to diffract.
Scissors cut!
To stop bleeding, first ligate all the surrounding blood vessels leading up and down.
Ligating the black threads one by one is like using lit incense to burn scars on the intestines.
The long pink-white intestine is covered with black dots, which looks like a pig's large intestine covered with black worms, squirming with the peristalsis of the intestines.
People who look at it want to take it all off with their hands. People with obsessive-compulsive disorder can be forced to die on the operating table.
Zhao Yanfang was tying Zhang Fan's knot while feeling the lesions on the inner wall of the intestines.
"Don't send all the diseased tissue that will be cut out later to the pathology department. Leave a section for me. I think our laboratory is alive."
When Zhang Fan heard this, he realized that this matter was no idle talk.
"how?",
"This is an atypical Crohn's lesion and we can study it further."
Zhang Fan was stunned. He felt that there was nothing left to study about this thing. It had already been studied by the global community. Since 1932, many European and American experts have been working on this topic, but in the end there was no result. .
It’s also strange. This disease is actually not common in China. This disease is more common in European and American people. In Europe and the United States, this disease is particularly common.
"You don't understand!" This time it was Zhang Fan's turn to be criticized.
Zhao Zipeng originally looked at it with gusto, and he could see the taste in the anus and intestines, let alone the small intestine and large intestine.
But when he heard Zhang Fan being criticized, he immediately raised his head and looked at Zhang Fan.
This is not a provocation.
This is to give Zhang Fan a step up, so that Zhang Fan can say a word to him so that he can step down.
This thing about people, sometimes you can be successful, or you can stand out in a group of people, it is really not free.
If it were someone else, even if they weren't laughing, they would probably lower their heads and look like they had nothing to do with me.
As for others, they directly gave Zhang Fan the steps.
That's the thing.
Zhang Fan chuckled.
The operation slowly cuts along the intestines.
The intestinal fluid mixes with the mucus secreted by the infection.
Intestinal solution is slightly more viscous than saliva.
The fluid secreted by infection is similar to yellow and thick phlegm.
And because of the secretion of intestinal flora, green liquid appears.
There is also damage to the intestinal mucosa, and blood is also mixed in it.
Zhao Yanfang held a piece of gauze and asked Zhang Fan to wipe every centimeter he cut.
Be good, even if you are wearing a mask.
You can also feel an extremely disgusting smell.
It was like a can of herring that had been trampled underfoot and turned to mush, then fell down and put its nose close to the puddle of mush.
Absolutely uncomfortable.
How can I put it this way? It's like a man entering a woman's bathroom.
Not only does it stink, it also has a rather unpleasant and repulsive smell.
After wiping, the pieces of gauze were used up and quickly put into tissue bags and sealed.
"It's a bit long. I guess the length of the intestine is not enough." Zhang Fan looked at the small intestine and large intestine and felt a little embarrassed.
This kind of surgery, to be honest, is too easy to destroy the lesions.
Just click with the scissors, just like eating braised pork sausage.
The difficult part is the alignment stitching in the later stage.
Even though the large intestine and the small intestine are both intestines, the functions of these two things are different, resulting in different tissue structures.
For example, many people like to eat large intestine. Why, not only does it have a slight smell, but also because the large intestine is soft and rotten.
But the small intestine is different. This thing takes a lot of time.
Because after gastric acid rushes out of the stomach, the first place it enters is the small intestine.
When bile from the pancreas rushes out, the first place it enters is the small intestine.
Here they undergo a neutralization reaction. Then acidic liquids and alkaline liquids become neutral liquids.
Therefore, the small intestine should be thick.
The large intestine is different. The large intestine is much thinner for humans, and because it has to absorb water, it is quite thin.
For this thing, if the acid and alkali liquid directly enter the large intestine, the reaction has not yet been completed. It is estimated that the large intestine will be corroded and holes will be formed first.
Even if it doesn't get corroded, if the length of the small intestine is too short, it can cause damage to the large intestine.
This is also called stump cancer.
Such as stomach cancer.
Many people know that patients with gastric cancer can often survive for a long time as long as the diseased part is removed.
What survives five years is the beginning.
Some even have no problem for thirty years.
However, after some doctors treat gastric cancer, the patient develops stump cancer within a few years and then dies.
In this case, sometimes it is a matter of the doctor's surgical technique.
Therefore, Zhang Fan was a little worried when he looked at this section of the intestines.
If we say that the average doctor might just pull and sew them together. It’s not intentional, because with surgery, sometimes if there is nothing you can do, you can only rely on your body to compensate.
For example, after a fracture, a steel plate is attached that fits perfectly. After taking the X-ray, a layman will look at it and think, darling, this operation was done well, as if there was no fracture and then a steel plate was attached.
But when the insiders see it, they smile and remain unknown. Because this method damages the bones so much that all the periosteum on the bones is scraped clean.
What is the periosteum for? Bones rely on it to eat. Blood vessels and nerves all pass through the periosteum.
Therefore, without the periosteum, it would take half a year for bones to grow in a hundred days. This is all due to good luck. If you have bad luck, you will see after two months that the bones have shrunk.
And if the intestines are pulled and sutured, the patient will have a high probability of developing cancer, stump cancer.
But if it is not pulled, loosening and untying the intestines will cause increased damage to the patient's intestines, and the patient will be susceptible to intestinal obstruction.
Such aggravated injuries may not always be cured.
The difficulty of the operation has increased a lot.
Therefore, one is that there will be diseases that can cause death. If cancer develops in the stump, there will be no chance of removing the intestines.
It can increase the damage and reduce the damage, which will cause the patient to have painful intestinal obstruction from time to time.
To be honest, this choice is really not easy.
If you ask the patient's family members about this situation, very few of them will understand.
Ask the patient, is he numb?
What to do depends on the doctor’s choice.
"Continue peeling off!" Zhang Fan gritted his teeth.
"No, let me think." Zhao Yanfang stopped Zhang Fan.
Zhang Fan glanced at Zhao Yanfang.
"Let me think about it, let me think about it." Zhao Yanfang frowned and thought carefully.
Just when Zhang Fan and the others were about to continue decomposing, Zhao Yanfang's eyes lit up.
"Ice cubes, warm water, quick."
Distilled water and ice cubes frozen in distilled water are always carried in the operating room.
The circulating nurse quickly came over with ice cubes and warm water.
Zhang Fan looked at Zhao Yanfang.
Not only Zhang Fan, but also Zhao Jingjin didn't understand, let alone Zhao Zipeng.
"I read a case paper in BJM. The paper said that the small intestine will easily expand when the temperature is minus 15 degrees Celsius, while the large intestine will slowly elongate when the temperature exceeds 40 degrees Celsius.
The small intestine is composed of the circular orbicularis muscle, which has four layers. After freezing, there will be a temperature difference between the four layers, which will make the connecting sides of the tissue grow longer! And the large intestine…”
Zhang Fan understands this.
However, the intestines are not afraid of being cut by a knife or being pricked by a needle.
But this thing is particularly sensitive to pulling and temperature.
During abdominal surgery, senior doctors often say to take it easy, be gentle, and never pull.
If you are not careful and stretch too much, the intestines will often cause heart failure in the patient.
The temperature is also the same. During abdominal flushing, the water is usually around 37 degrees Celsius.
The simplest thing about this thing is that you swallow a hot meatball in one gulp, and then it starts to hurt from your tongue all the way to your stomach.
Therefore, this method is really dangerous.
“If you can ensure that the suturing is completed within three minutes when the temperature changes, I don’t think there will be necrosis.
Tissue cells will not undergo necrosis in such a short period of time.
Now it's up to you whether you can sew it up in three minutes. "
Zhang Fan nodded.
Then he gently groped along the intestinal ring with his fingers and roughly estimated how many stitches would be needed to complete the suturing.
Old Zhao and Zhao Jingjin looked at the large intestine and small intestine, and gently shook their heads.
The difficulty is too high.
Zhao Zipeng looked at Zhang Fan!
