"It's not that Cao is boasting. Fortunately, he came to ask the junior general about these questions of Da Sinong. Otherwise, someone else might not know the details." In the commander's tent, Cao Yu held a letter handed to him by Gao Yimin. He read the letter twice and said to Gao Yimin with a smile.
"My master said the same thing. He said that apart from Uncle Ning Yuan, only Cao Zongrong can know the inside story of these things." Gao Yimin asked with a smile: "In that case, can Zongrong tell me easily? "
"Since Da Sinong asked, Cao Yu naturally told him everything he knew." Cao Yu quickly replied. After Gao Yimin nodded, he thought for a moment and said, "Da Sinong asked, the three guards of Jianzhou Why is it difficult to distinguish each other at the moment, and whether they can be separated again in the future... I think we should start from the two wars in the past, and especially focus on Wang Gao."
"That Wang Gao from Gule Village?" Gao Yimin asked, "What incident is he related to?"
"It's related to many things. Mr. Yimin might as well listen to me and tell me in detail." Cao Yu said seriously: "The current situation of establishing a state is actually related to Wang Gao."
"Okay, then we have General Lao Cao. Please speak, General. The common people are all ears."
"I dare not say anything." Cao Yu said politely and said: "Wang Gao is a descendant of Fancha, the right guard of Jianzhou, and he is from the same clan as Nurhachi. Wang Gao's father is called Dobeile in the local area, and his ancestors originally lived in Kazakhstan. Ersa Alin. Khalsa Alin is called "Migou Mountain" in Chinese (this mountain is the mountain range where the old city of Erdaohe, Yongling Town, Xinbin Manchu Autonomous County is located in later generations), so Jianzhou Youweiyuan When it was first established, we lived together with Zuowei.
However, as far as I know, in the records of the migration of Wang Gao's predecessors, his predecessors were "expelled by neighboring tribes and moved to Gule Mountain (Gule Mountain) not far from Maldun, where they took charge of Baili Water Crossing". "
This matter has been mentioned before, that is, when the Jianzhou Zuowei moved to the Foala Mountain City, a feud over the seal broke out between Chief Fancha and Dong Shan's uncle and nephew, and the tribe was in great danger of splitting. In order to more effectively restrain Jianzhou Jurchens, the Ming court adopted the method of dividing the right guards from the left guards, dividing the original Jianzhou left guards into two, and they became two guards from then on.
After the right guard was established, Fancha was in charge of the right guard, while the left guard was still in charge of Dong Shan. During the initial period of time, the Jianzhou Right Guards who were separated still lived with the Left Guards in the area of Foala Mountain City in Halsa Mountain, which was the Jianzhou Old Camp or Tucheng often mentioned in the historical materials of the Ming Dynasty.
However, the rift between the two guards caused by the dispute over the seal was difficult to heal for a while. The right guard was weaker and therefore was often rejected by the left guard. For this reason, Chief Fancha decided to lead his troops. They moved westward along the Sukeshu River and moved to Gule Mountain and Maldun area.
The left guard and the right guard took five ridges, namely Qinglong Ridge (Maldun Ridge) as the boundary, thus forming the theory of east-west state building. Dong Jianzhou refers to the left guard, and Xi Jianzhou refers to the right guard.
Readers may want to ask: Doesn’t it mean the Three Guards of Jianzhou? Why have we only mentioned the left and right guards so far, but not heard about the Jianzhou guards?
When Cao Yan talked about this, Gao Yimin also asked: "Dongxi Jianzhou? Then where are the original Jianzhou guards?"
"This is related to the Battle of Dinghai during the Chenghua period." Cao Yu explained: "At that time, the Ming Dynasty sent a large army to destroy the old camp of Jianzhou and the Wumi Mansion where the Jianzhou Guards were located. The chief of Jianzhou Guards, Li Manzhu and his son, and Jianzhou Guards Dong Shan, the chief of Zuowei, was killed by our army one after another, and the old camp in Jianzhou, where Zuowei lived, was wiped out by our army. At this time, Fancha, the right guard of Jianzhou, led his troops to escape into the mountains and escaped this incident. Disaster."
Gao Yimin narrowed his eyes and asked seriously: "In other words, Jianzhou Guard and Jianzhou Zuowei were actually destroyed together at this time?"
Cao Yu nodded and said: "You can say that, in the first year of Jingtai, Fancha repeatedly led his people to rob our territory because of his revenge on Chao Chao. He was captured by our army and was later detained and executed in Liaodong.
Fancha had seven sons and two daughters. After he was imprisoned and executed in Liaodong, the post of commander and envoy was determined by our Ming Dynasty and was inherited by his eldest grandson Nabuha. But after Nalangha took office, in order to avenge his grandfather's murder, he also violated the border many times, and was later executed by our border officials. After Nalangha's death, his uncle Huatu took over the post of commander of Jianzhou Right Guards.
When Bu Huatu was the commander of Youweidu, he still repeatedly committed rebellion on the border. "Slim thieves entered Liaoyang to steal horses and kill officers and soldiers," and "entered Yizhou to plunder people." For this reason, our imperial court issued an order to the right guard, "Buha Tu has three guards to protect his integrity, and he will appoint the commander of the capital to coordinate with the imperial edict to control the people of this guard. If he breaks the law again, he will not be punished." "
Gao Yimin frowned and said: "Three generations of Youwei Qi chiefs have invaded the border. It is really hard to say they are loyal."
"Indeed, it is true, but as the saying goes, evil will be punished. In the second year of Zhengde, Bu Huatu died. In the following decades, all the Jurchen tribes in Jianzhou - no matter which guard they were, were in a state of disarray, and there was nothing worth mentioning. leader."
Gao Yimin's eyes flashed: "Until Wang Gao appears?"
"Mr. Yimin has a discerning eye." Cao Yu said with a smile: "The Jianzhou right guards flourished again during the Jiajing period, and the key figure was Wang Gao. When Wang Gao was sixteen years old, he inherited his father's business and rebuilt Gule City. This was the 24th year of Jiajing. After Wang Gao's power rose, he took over the post of commander of the right guard capital of Jianzhou and proclaimed himself the governor. All barbarians in Jianzhou listened to Gao's orders."
"Everyone listens to the plan" is not bragging, because Nurhachi's grandfather Jue Chang'an and father Takshi, who were clearly born in the left guard of Jianzhou, were de facto subordinates of Wang Gao, and the other descendants of the fifth ancestor also all belonged to Wang Gao.
According to Cao Yun's introduction, in the single lineage collected by Wang Gao's descendants, Youwei's arrangement according to the age of the lineage is as follows: Fancha-Ahada-Duo-Wang Gao-Atai.
According to the annual rings of the same generation, the lineage of Zuowei is: Mengge Timur-Dongshan-Xibaoqipiangu-Fuman-Juechangan-Takshi.
Cao Yu made a special point here. Although Fancha and Mengge Timur are brothers, there is a big age gap between them. Fancha and his nephew Dong Shan can actually be regarded as successors to Mengge Timur. Contemporaries. Wang Gao's son Atai and Takshi were contemporaries.
Among the Jurchen surnames used by the Wang Gao family, the surname is Xitala. The Chinese translation of the Manchu language Xitala is "the place where nets are built on the shore." It can be seen that the origin of this surname comes from the name given by his ancestors when they moved west along the Sukeshu River to Gule City. .
Cao Yu said again: "In the Ming Dynasty's customized management of the Jurchen Guard officials' appointment, the "Da Ming Huidian" was customized by the Yongle Dynasty: 'The Jurchen Guard officials who died will be replaced by their descendants and demoted one level'. During the Zhengtong period, another It is stipulated that: 'Jurchen guards officials who have served for twenty-five years are allowed to be promoted to one level'. Usually after the Jurchen officials of each guard post die, their descendants 'allow them to return to their posts.'"
Gao Yimin followed Gao Pragmatic's instructions and asked for some details. It turned out that the sons and grandsons of Fancha, the right guard of Jianzhou, were appointed after the Ming Dynasty approved the appointment. That is to say, Wang Gao assumed the post of commander-in-chief of the right guard of Jianzhou. Although there was no detailed record in the imperial court, according to Cao Yun, his position as commander-in-chief was approved by the imperial court, while his position as governor-general was not. recognized by the court. Therefore, the Liaodong border officials did not recognize Wang Gao's self-appointed official position.
After Wang Gao inherited his father's business and revitalized Gule City, he united the various fighting tribes of the left guard to the extent that all the barbarians in Jianzhou obeyed his orders, and controlled all the areas where the left and right guards of Jianzhou were active, making the Hun There was a unified situation in a short period of time in the Suke and Suhu river basins.
At this time, Wang Gao would often meet with the Yi leaders of various tribes, "the young ones were thirty or forty years old, and the large ones were fifty or sixty years old, and they went to the Ming Dynasty to plunder." During many raids into the border, Nurhachi's grandfather Jue Changan, father Takshi, third ancestor Suo Chang'a Zisun and other clan members were all among them.
After the rise of Wang Gao's power, he carried out large-scale construction of Gule City. After the construction, Gule City faces water on three sides and a mountain on one side. The Sukeshu River flows through the west of the city, and the upper river flows through it. There are natural cliffs on the north, west, south, and north sides of the city, and it is connected to Qinglong Mountain in the east, forming a three-sided wall. natural barrier.
The defensive facilities are built with inner and outer walls, and a city gate is built in the north of the city. In Gule City, Wang Gao not only built his own meeting hall and residence, but also built more than 500 houses. He was determined to use the city as a base to establish his dominant position in Jurchen society and cooperate with the Liaodong Ming Army. Make a military struggle.
When Wang Gao was in Gule City, he "dominated the water and became the chief, took charge of Baili Water Crossing, and snatched the imperial edict of Qiwula." Wang Gao, with the help of his capable subordinate, General Lihong and others, often disrupted the horse market trade, ignored the restraints of Fushun Ning officials in the Ming Dynasty, and often demanded rewards. If he was not satisfied, he would get drunk and scold the Fuyi officials.
Under the planning of Zuowei Jurchen, Lai Lihong and others, Wang Gao led Lai Lihong and others to repeatedly rob the border and killed more than 30 Ming border officials. After being expelled by Bei Yufei Chengzu of Fushun in the Ming Dynasty, Wang Gao deeply hated Pei Chengzu and finally took advantage of the opportunity to escape. Together with Lai Lihong, he designed to lure Pei Chengzu and others to Gule City to be killed.
Cao Yu said: "In the second year of Wanli, Pei Chengzu went on a guerrilla attack in Fushun and was promoted to the Imperial Guard. In the seventh month of autumn, he and Laili Hongsuo died. Pei Chengzu sent more than 300 riders to the Lihong case. They killed the general Liu Chengyi and hundreds of households Liu Zhongwen. So Zhang Ge Lao (the Zhang Ge Lao here in Cao Yu refers to Zhang Xueyan, the then governor of Liao Dynasty) asked Gaogong City to be exterminated."
Obviously, Wang Gao's continuous rebellion on the border had already attracted the attention of the court. However, according to Cao Yun, every time before the Liaodong border general wanted to lead his troops to attack, Wang Gao would go to the border to plead guilty and return the plundered people and animals to express his regret. meaning. Wang Gao's approach once deceived Liaodong border officials.
However, after trapping and killing Fushun Beiyu Pei Chengzu, the imperial court was finally shocked and decided to launch a military attack on him - that is, Li Chengliang went out twice and won the battle of Gulezhai.
In fact, only the first battle of Gule Village was "Li Chengliang VS Wang Gao", and the second battle of Gule Village was actually "Li Chengliang VS Wangtai".
And this first battle of Gulezhai did not break out for no reason. This incident was even closely related to Zhang Xueyan, the senior and ally of Gao Pragmatic, the cabinet scholar.
In the second year of Wanli, Gao Gong was the first assistant, and Zhang Xueyan was the governor of Liao Dynasty. Because Zhang Xueyan accepted Li Chengliang's suggestion two years ago, he moved the Gushan Fort to Zhangqihadian and the Five Forts of Xianshan Mountain to Kuandian, Changdian, Shuangdun, Changling and other places. They occupied the space between the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty and the Yalu River, surrounded by mountains. They also approached the Jianzhou Jurchen base area from the southeast, curbing the expansion of the Jianzhou Jurchens. The strategic situation was already quite favorable, so they proposed to inspect Wang Gao's imperial edict.
Although Wang Gao had 30 imperial edicts, most of them were obtained by plundering other tribes, or they were obtained under the pseudonym Keshao, "from the small envoys who requested the imperial edicts from barbarians." He himself had only 18 original edicts. Of course, this situation cannot withstand inspection, so Wang Gao returned to his old ways and raided the border again, which led to the above-mentioned incident of Pei Chengzu chasing Lai Lihong and Wang Gao planning to kill Pei Chengzu.
On the 11th day of the 11th day of the second year of Wanli, Li Chengliang, the commander-in-chief of Liaodong, led a division of 60,000 men, armed with a large number of artillery, muskets, rockets and other firearms, and stormed Gule Village.
According to Cao Yuan, in front of Gule Mountain at that time, Li Chengliang ordered his deputy general Yang Teng and guerrilla Wang Weiping to divide the key points of the camp, and ordered him, then a staff general, to lead his army to challenge. The armies rose up from all sides, but Wang Gao's army was defeated and they all retreated. Gule City.
Cao Yu was quite proud when he said this. Although he did not say it directly, he also hinted to Gao Yimin that Li Chengliang was already a little afraid of the bravery of Cao Yu's servants at that time, so this battle had the intention of using Wang Gao's sword to kill Cao Yu.
The terrain of Gule City is dangerous, with deep ditches and high fortifications, strong fences and dangerous mountains, making it easy to defend but difficult to attack. Cao Yu led the Ming army to attack the city with firearms and broke several barriers. Lihong and others resisted desperately. The battle was fierce with arrows raining down, but they still gradually gained the upper hand.
Seeing that Cao Yun's troops were gradually gaining the upper hand, Li Chengliang did not dare to let him continue to work alone in order to avoid taking great credit alone, so he sent his own direct lineage. General Yu Zhiwen and Qin Deyi entered the city from the northeast corner first, followed by other generals.
Seeing that the outer city could not be defended, Wang Gao retreated into the inner city and shot Yu Zhiwen to death. Even so, under Li Chengliang's strict order, the Ming army did not avoid the arrows, climbed up, and set fire to the stronghold, burning more than 500 houses and a large amount of luggage. The final result of this battle was a great victory for the Ming army, and Wang Gao escaped from Gule City alone.
However, in February of the third year of Wanli, Wang Gao, who was full of resentment, once again led the crowd to the border, intending to take revenge. However, he was defeated by Cao Gui, who had been well prepared and had been promoted to deputy commander-in-chief due to his outstanding military exploits. Wang Gao fled to Aha. Nazhai.
Cao Yu was already the deputy commander-in-chief of Liaodong at this time, that is, he was solely responsible for the defense east of the Liaohe River. Therefore, he took the initiative to continue the pursuit without waiting for Li Chengliang's order. Wang Gao had no choice but to give Ahana the "python hanging and red armor" he was wearing, and was able to escape under Ahana's desperate cover. This Anaha is the second son of Baoshi, one of the six ancestors of Nurhachi.
After Wang Gao escaped, he originally wanted to take refuge with Subahai, the leader of the Taining Guards in Mongolia. Later, "I was very happy with Wangtai throughout my life, so I wanted to use the platform as a predestined relationship, so I returned to Taiwan" - this "Tai" refers to Wan Khan of Hada, who is also called Wangtai.
But at this time, the Ming court was unwilling to give up. On the one hand, it took Wang Gao's subordinate Jue Changan as a hostage in Fushun Pass (of course Nurhaci also went and was taken under Li Chengliang's account); on the other hand, it sent his subordinates to visit Wang Gao. Gao's whereabouts, Wang Gao's hiding place was finally discovered.
Wangtai, the leader of the Haixi Jurchens who had always had a close relationship with the Ming court and was "submissive and obedient", was under the pressure of Cao Yun's heavy troops. Of course, he did not need to think too much. On the third day of July, he and his eldest son Hu'erhan led their troops to In Shisantouerzhai, where Wang Gao temporarily lived, 27 Wang Gao and his family members were arrested and escorted to the deputy envoy He Qin's residence. He Qin then escorted Wang Gao to Guangning.
Zhang Xueyan was overjoyed to see that Wang Gao had been captured, and ordered Qianzong Ke Wan to escort Wang Gao to Beijing in a carriage to "offer him as a prisoner under the palace". Ke Wan was awarded a gold for this. Zhu Yijun issued an edict to "kill" Wang Gao and then hang his head on Hao Street (this is the area where Shaomin tribute envoys gathered and the location of Siyi Pavilion).
After listening to Cao Yu's introduction, Gao Yimin obviously understood why Cao Yu said that "the situation of establishing the state is all related to Wang Gao." He nodded and said: "In other words, after the Battle of Dinghai during the Chenghua period, especially after the death of Bu Huatu, the three guards of Jianzhou were actually indistinguishable from each other. But when Wang Gao appeared, the three guards were still nominally separate. , but in fact Wang Gao is in charge alone?"
Cao Yu nodded and said, "That's exactly it."
Gao Yimin frowned and said, "Wang Gao and Jue Chang'an are really related by marriage? Brother Nurhaci and Wang Gao..."
Cao Yu immediately said: "Juechang'an's son Takshi married Wang Gao's daughter Xitala and gave birth to brothers Nurhachi and Shuerhaqi. Wang Gao's eldest son Atai also married the daughter of Juechang'an's eldest son Lidun. As his wife. In other words, these two families are of the same blood and have been married several times.
As for the Nurhachi brothers... Wang Gao is the biological grandfather of the Nurhaci brothers, and Atai and Ahai are both their brothers' biological uncles. "
"Wonderful!" Gao Yimin laughed: "My master is worried that he can't find a suitable reason to make arrangements."
Cao Yan was stunned and said hesitantly: "Da Sinong still...has other plans?"
Gao Yimin glanced at Qi Jin and Ma Chengxun. Their hearts froze. They were wondering if they should find a reason to leave. Unexpectedly, Gao Yimin said: "Qi Jinrong and Ma Chengxun are not outsiders, so I'll just tell you." : What my master means is that since the three guards of Jianzhou have been indistinguishable from each other for a long time, but if they are not separated now, they are afraid of losing their power, why not divide Jianzhou into east and west again according to the old incident between Fancha and Dongshan? , with Nurhaci and Shuerhaqi each taking control?"
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