Gao Pragmatic's statement was difficult for Qataiji to refute face to face, because it is also very common in Mongolia to lead troops to congratulate the successor. In other words, various big Khans and small Khans in Mongolia went to participate in other big Khans and small Khans. The ceremony of their enthronement often involves a relatively small number of soldiers and horses.
In this case, why is it so strange that Gao Pragmatic came to enthrone King Shunyi on behalf of the Ming Emperor and brought some troops?
It cannot be said that the envoys of the Ming Dynasty in the past generally did not lead many troops. He was very pragmatic and could not lead troops. If Qataiji objects to this, Gao Pragmatic can directly respond with "leading troops to show attention."
Besides, the succession of King Shunyi is indeed a very important event for both the Ming Dynasty and Tumote. It is not unreasonable to bring troops and horses to celebrate.
Qataiji had no choice but to change the topic, but although he was already considered a wise general among the Mongols, he was still unavoidably direct in his actions and speech, so he went straight to the topic as soon as he opened his mouth: "The imperial envoy is here, I, Tumote We should have gathered all the ministries to greet us, but the imperial envoy arrived too early... Now, I, Tumote, have not yet decided who will be Chechen Khan. I am afraid that the imperial envoy will have to spend a lot of time in Tumote waiting for it. .”
oh? Am I going to come here and wait for you to elect Chechen Khan? hehe……
Historically, the issue of the canonization of King Shunyi by the Ming Dynasty was quite clear to Gao Pragmatism. If we look at the original history, it is true that the Ming Dynasty first waited for Tumote to elect Chechen Khan before conferring him the title of King Shunyi.
In the original history, the king of Shunyi was granted the title in the early days of Anda Khan, and passed through Huangtaiji, Chalike, and Bulositu. It lasted for seventy or eighty years for four generations.
At the beginning of Anda's tribute ceremony, the Ming Dynasty granted Anda Khan a royal seal in order to "use his power to bind all the tribes" and gave him the power to take charge of the tribute exchange market. It stipulated that the tributes of the three tribes of Xuanda and Hetao were unified by King Shunyi. Responsible for writing reports and memorials; all rewards will be received by King Shunyi and forwarded to the heads of various ministries; the promotion and conferral of the heads of each ministry will also be reported by King Shunyi when paying tribute, and then the Ming Dynasty will handle it as appropriate; King Shunyi will pay tribute first, and then be allowed to open city.
In addition, according to the Ming-Mongolian agreement, King Shunyi formulated his own relevant laws. Mongolian tribesmen who violated the tribute market were punished by King Shunyi in accordance with Mongolian law.
In this way, on the one hand, because King Shunyi had the power to trade tribute and trade with the Ming Dynasty, having the royal title and the royal seal meant that King Shunyi had already controlled the power of paying tribute, so he "had the power to control market rewards." This also led to This led to fierce competition within Mongolia for the succession to the Shunyi throne.
On the other hand, as the Mongolian person in charge and host of the tribute city affairs, whether King Shunyi can successfully succeed is directly related to the maintenance of the relationship between Ming and Mongolia and Pinggong City, as well as the stability of the Ming Dynasty's border defense. Therefore, in order to ensure its own interests, the Ming Dynasty has been actively exerting influence and intervention on the successors of King Shunyi.
The third wife's fourth marriage to King Shunyi has been mentioned before and will not be repeated. I only talk about what happened after Bu Shitu and Sanniangzi finally got married.
In June of the year after their marriage, they gathered their tribes to apply for a title from the Ming Dynasty. However, Mrs. Zhongshun, Sanniang, died of illness at this time, and all her bags were robbed of the gold and silver items that Sanniang had given to Bu Shitu, in the hope of being granted a title by the Ming Dynasty.
Faced with the complicated situation, the Ming Dynasty sent people to Mongolia. While going out to comfort the mourners, they secretly taught strategies and combined their different aspirations. They used the interests of the tribute market to restrict each other and put pressure on Su Nang to clarify the situation. He said, "I have made an appointment. I will grant you the title of king, and the tribe will return to its heart. If you rebel against the alliance, the three branches and twelve tribes will righteously condemn it. How can I respond? Besides, my heavenly dynasty awards the title in accordance with the order of Er Lun. If you don't listen, it is rebellion." "The Celestial Dynasty" - that is, opposed to Su Nang's attitude of being crowned king, so Su Nang was forced to give up.
The role of the Ming Dynasty was just as Tu Zongjun, the governor who personally handled the matter at the time, reported to the Ming court afterwards: "In China, rewards are enough to show kindness, and punishments and punishments for violating orders are enough to demonstrate. I will seize the opportunity and make good use of it. How dare the barbarians disobey?"
In September, the leaders of various tribes who had ended the dispute gathered together to request a seal for the divination of lost rabbits, and the Ming court issued an edict to approve it. However, Bu Shitu delayed the ceremony on the pretext of extorting tribute and increasing rewards, and the enthronement ceremony was not held until June of the 41st year of Wanli in the following year.
"Sanyun Caozu Kao" records the situation of the successor: "It was scheduled to be entrusted on the ninth day of June. When the time came, the governor was on the upper floor of the horse market and looked over the threshold. Su Nang gathered tens of thousands of riders first, and at noon, the divination The lost rabbit sat under the big banner, while twelve tribes of birds flew in the wind, filled the valley and covered the fields, and entered the colorful tent I set up for the banquet. The story is that the king of the captives received the imperial edict from outside the tent, which was still two miles away from the secret door. They were about to come out of the secret door of Long Pavilion. I told Dai Yanchun, the Chinese army officer, and said: "Heaven's decree is not to lie down under the city, but to rush to the banquet rashly is unethical." It was quite difficult to convey the message to the divination chief, and he finally did not dare to resist. Then he led all the leaders to squat in front of the dragon pavilion, kowtow with their heads in thanks, return the edict to the pavilion, and ride on their horses to lead the way. After the banquet, they kowtow again and the ceremony is completed."
In this way, although Bu Shitu's succession was full of twists and turns, due to the intervention of many parties in the Ming Dynasty, he was finally succeeded as King of Shunyi until the end of the Ming Dynasty.
From this historical process of the succession of King Shunyi, Gao Pragmatic summed up the following points:
The first is that the process of the succession of the three kings Huang Taiji, Chelik and Bu Shitu was basically the same. That is, after the death of the former king, Mongolia sent envoys to report to the Ming Dynasty, and the Ming Dynasty offered sacrifices after receiving the report.
First, the tribal leader was succeeded by his eldest son according to the primogeniture system. Later, according to the tribute system with the Ming Dynasty, the title of Shunyi king should also be inherited by the tribal leader. However, the heir to the throne must first marry the third lady, then gather the heads of various ministries to discuss, gain everyone's support, and then jointly agree to send envoys to the Ming Dynasty to apply for the title.
The border officials of the Ming Dynasty reported to the imperial court, and the imperial court of the Ming Dynasty issued the imperial edict and sent a special person to deliver it to the border. The governor of the Ming Dynasty presided over the enthronement ceremony. The new king led the heads of various ministries to receive the imperial edict and accept the imperial edict at the designated place. Finally, the new king brought in the horses and expressed his gratitude.
In this process, the eldest son inherits the position of tribal leader, just like the consultation between the kings of Kuriltai during the Mongolian and Yuan Dynasties. It should be done in accordance with Mongolian customary law, and the rest of the procedures should be based on the requirements and requirements of the Ming Dynasty. Arrangements, and it was through these strict procedures that the Ming Dynasty ensured the smooth succession of the Shunyi throne.
The second is that all Shunyi kings in the past dynasties inherited the title of Chechen Khan. According to Mongolian historical records such as "The Origin of Mongolia", Amada Khan met with Tibetan Yellow Sect leader Sonam Gyatso in the sixth year of Wanli. The two sides exchanged titles. The last of the long list of titles Suonan Gyatso gave to Amada was "Cheer Chenhan".
This title comes from the name of Kublai Khan, the founder of the Yuan Dynasty, "Xue Chan". The reason is that Anda himself called himself Kublai Khan when he introduced Tibetan Buddhism. Judging from Ming Dynasty records, this title was inherited by his successors.
In the eleventh year of Wanli, when the Ming Dynasty granted Huang Taiji the title of King of Shunyi, Huang Taiji was already called Chechen Khan. "Huang Taiji's commander Nan Dasu and more than 300 people were on standby to kill Hu Bao. At that time, Huang Taiji also changed his name to Qiqingha... …In the seventh month, Huang Taiji paid tribute, but he was not called a beggar for Qingha. He followed what was recorded in the imperial edict.”
Huang Taiji's son, Chalike, is also called Qiqingha. "Wanli Martial Arts Record" records: "At the end of the seventh month, King Qiqingha of Shunyi sent a biography from Changtan to Pinjinshui. Qiqingha is also called Qiqingha."
"Records of Shenzong" also said that in November of the 17th year of Wanli, "Shunyi King Qiqingha, Mrs. Zhongshun, General Longhu and Huang Taiji supported the crowd and headed westward."
As for the divination lost rabbit after Zhalik, because it was at the end of the Ming Dynasty, Gao Pingshi did not see any record of him having the title of Qiqingha, but from the above circumstances, it is inferred that this should be the case.
From this point of view, "Chechen Khan" is the exclusive title of the lord of Tumote. After Ada Khan, all those who are in charge of the Tumute tribe also inherit this title.
As the eldest sons and grandsons of Anda Khan, Huang Taiji, Zhelike and Bu Shitu were the heirs of the lords of the Tumote tribe at that time. They all had the title of "Qiqingha".
Within Mongolia, they called Qiqingha the Lord of Tumote first, and the Ming Dynasty named King Shunyi and recognized him as the Lord of Tumote.
Therefore, the Ming Dynasty records that Huang Taiji changed his name to Qiqingha before paying tribute, and Chelik also "proclaimed himself king" before accepting the Ming Dynasty's imperial edict. This is self-evident, because it is impossible to imagine that the Ming Dynasty would appoint someone who had not become the Lord of Tumut to be the King of Shunyi.
In this sense, the inheritance of Shunyi's title actually became the inheritance and confirmation of the Tumut lords. From the above process, it can be seen that Ming's attitude directly or indirectly affected the succession of Lord Tumut. The lords of the Tumut tribe became the co-leader of the right wing in a certain sense, which has been passed down for several generations since Anda Khan.
What Qataiji said at this time was to make it pragmatically clear to Gao: Choosing who to be Chechen Khan is an internal matter of our Tumote. Although Ming is the "leader", you should not interfere in this matter.
However, Gao Pragmatism is obviously not as "honest" as the Ming Dynasty in history.
So he smiled and said: "Whoever becomes Chechen Khan is naturally Tumote's own business, and it should be decided by the Tumute people themselves, but..."
He was afraid that everything would fail, and Qataiji's heart suddenly became anxious.
Sure enough, Gao Pingshi smiled faintly: "One thing I must remind you is that if the Ming Dynasty cannot recognize Chechen Khan's candidate, Chechen Khan will not be canonized by King Shunyi - in other words, he will be someone who cannot be controlled. Chechen Khan who has the right to exchange tribute and trade."
At this point, Gao pragmatically looked directly into Chaterji's eyes and asked word for word: "Can today's Tumut people accept such a Chechen Khan?"
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