To the west of Beijing, see Xin Zhai.
Gao Jingshi had just come out of the palace. He did not go back to Gao Gong's palace, but came to the suburban villa that he had been given.
Yesterday Gao Gong asked him to ask for leave, so he wrote several notes. Except for one that was given directly to Gao Gong, the rest were sent to Zhu Xizhong, Shen Shixing and Zhang Siwei respectively - Gao Gong and Zhu Xizhong were the acquaintances of the Prince Jingyan On the surface, Shen Shixing is the official in charge of the civil and military affairs, while Shen Shixing is the actual person in charge of the Tongzhi Prince's banquet, while Zhang Siwei is Gao Pragmatic, a "fake bachelor" who is a serious official, so he cannot submit a request for leave. If you fall behind, you have to hand it all over.
Early this morning, Gao Pingshi entered the palace again and asked for leave from the prince in person. However, Zhu Yijun did not dare to take the initiative, so he quickly asked Chen Ju to go and ask for instructions from Long Qing.
Long Qing heard that Gao Pragmatic wanted to go back to his hometown to take the exam, so he would not force him to stay, so he was granted leave. However, Zhu Yijun hadn't seen Gao Pragmatic for a month, and refused to let him leave immediately at any cost. He had to ask him to accompany him to finish today's class before leaving.
Although Gao Pingshi still had a lot of things to deal with, he couldn't help but offend the prince, so he had to accompany him to the end of class.
The lecturer of today's class is Gu Yangqian, and he talks about the Analects of Confucius. To be precise, he didn't actually "teach" much, but taught Zhu Yijun to read "The Analects of Confucius: Weizheng Chapter 2".
Of course Zhu Yijun is literate, and there are no characters he doesn't recognize in the Weizheng chapter. However, the arrangement for this lesson is still "reading" taught by the Japanese official. Here we must talk about the issue of educational methods at this time.
The reason why the ancients called reading, rather than reading or studying, is that it reflects the importance of "reading". These ancient articles must be read aloud when studying. The so-called clear voice and cadence make the more you read, the more energetic you become. The more you read, the clearer your thinking becomes. The more you read, the more you can feel the true meaning of the book. When you read it extremely smoothly, you feel it directly from the sound, just like singing.
Since Chinese is a combination of monosyllabic words and is divided into five tones: Yin, Yang, Shang, Qu, and Ru, this gives ancient Chinese articles a distinct musical rhythm in their pronunciation. The rhythm echoes harmoniously, sounds good, and is easy to read. It also creates conditions for the emergence of various poems and rhymes. For example, the neat contrast and harmony of language and characters are an art in themselves and are extremely beautiful. This is also one of the prerequisites for the eight-part essay to be produced.
Although what the prince learned has different uses than what ordinary people learn, in the final analysis, he still needs to learn how to write Zhiyi Shiwen. And since you want to learn eight-part essay, the method will naturally remain the same.
How to learn stereotypes? The first thing is to have solid basic skills. What are basic skills? At the very least, the Four Books and Five Classics must be memorized thoroughly, especially the "Four Books", including the white text and Zhu Xi's annotations. One sentence must not be forgotten; the correct pronunciation of each word must be memorized; and the correct pronunciation of each word must be learned. Long couplets of more than two to more than ten words (so couplets are a very common thing in this era and generally not worth mentioning); you need to be familiar with at least hundreds of works by famous writers; you need to learn to write in small regular script, Pavilion style and so on. These are the most basic things.
When it comes to "reading" specifically, how to teach it? In fact, the teaching method of the prince's official teaching is basically the same as that of the private school. It is generally calculated based on the "number of sentences", that is, it is roughly stipulated how many sentences should be read every day. However, here at Prince, generally speaking, one article is given per day. Occasionally, if a certain article is longer, it will be taught over several days.
Since the books read at this time were all without punctuation, when the lecturer was teaching students to read the book, he would use a vermilion brush to point out a short sentence and read it once. The prince and Gao pragmatically read it again, and when it came to a complete sentence, Draw a circle.
For example, at the beginning of "The Analects of Confucius": "The Master said: "Learn and practice it from time to time, don't you also say it?" The lecturer clicked a small dot next to "Confucius said" and read "Confucius said", Zhu Yijun and Gao pragmatic followed and read "Confucius said" Confucius said," then read "Learn and practice from time to time", then circle and read "Isn't it true?", and both of them followed suit.
This is the method of reading taught by officials, which is also the so-called study of sentences and teasing. But it is not just read once. In fact, the lecturer has to read it ten times, Zhu Yijun and Gao Pragmatic read it ten times, and then the two of them recite it ninety times before completing the day's homework.
However, in addition to the lectures on the day, you also need to review, that is, what you have learned in the first four days must also be reviewed. The method of review is still reading, ranging from ten to dozens of times.
Learn and practice from time to time, review the old and learn the new. This sentence is not a joke. The ancients had to follow this rule when studying, whether they were commoners or princes.
After reading it, you have to memorize it. The method of reciting was very familiar to Gao Pragmatic: it was actually the same as when he was a child in his previous life. He stood in front of the teacher and recited what he had learned today and what he had learned in the previous four days in front of the teacher. If you can't recite it, or if you recite it stumblingly, without smooth flow and rhythm, you are considered unqualified and you have to go back and continue reading until you can recite it proficiently.
This is a dead rule, let alone being pragmatic, even the prince cannot be an exception.
If you fail to complete it, there will be penalties. However, if Gao Pragmatic cannot recite it, the official will slap his palms with a ruler, but the prince will not be beaten. But if Zhu Yijun really cannot recite it, in addition to the punishment of one less beating, the other punishment will be the same. Highly pragmatic: no lunch.
At this point, the two of them are inseparable. Only after the recitation is finished and the lecturer nods, can they have lunch.
But of course Gao Jingshi's treatment cannot be compared with that of the prince - if the prince can recite but Gao Jingshi cannot, the prince can go to eat; if Gao Jingshi can recite but the prince cannot recite, then not only the prince cannot eat, but Gao Jingshi cannot go to eat either.
Therefore, accompanying the prince in reading is not an easy job.
Today, Zhu Yijun and Gao pragmatically read "Second for Politics". Gao pragmatically has been able to memorize it a long time ago - he can already write eight-part essay, so memorizing it is no longer a problem. In fact, during the past six months of reading, he was slapped on the hand only once because he was distracted while reciting and stuttered on his lips. The other times he was not punished at all.
However, it is still a bit difficult for Zhu Yijun, because "Wei Zheng Pian" has a total of twenty-four short paragraphs. Not only must each paragraph be memorized, but the order must not be wrong - if it is in the wrong order, it cannot be called a complete mastery. So when Zhu Yijun finished carrying it, it happened to be lunch time.
Since Gao Jingshi was about to return to his hometown, Zhu Yijun applied to today's Japanese lecturer Gu Yangqian to let Gao Jingshi accompany him to eat together. Gu Yangqian was Gao Gong's disciple, so of course he would not be too embarrassed, so he readily agreed.
But the so-called eating together does not mean that the two of them sit at the same table to eat, that is not allowed. It's just that the two tables are adjacent to each other, with Zhu Yijun at the top and Gao Pinggong at the bottom. This way they are closer and can chat while eating - originally chatting was not allowed because it is a rule to "eat without speaking". However, Riyao Guan himself was a minister. During the meal, Gu Yangqian had already gone to the next door and could not see Zhu Yijun and Gao Pragmatic at all, so the two of them had a chance to talk.
