Gao Pragmatic quietly listened to Zhang Jin relaying Zhang Siwei's investigation results that year, and he had a better understanding of his cheap uncle's ambitions and abilities. Only then did he interrupt Zhang Jin's words: "The flood control dam has been repaired. After all these years, has it had any effect? Or rather, how effective has it been?"
Zhang Jin smiled bitterly and said: "The effect is there. At least the Yongding River floods in this dynasty are not as frequent as they were in the Yuan Dynasty. The master has done a detailed investigation on this and said that in the 98th year of the reign of the Yuan Dynasty, the Yongding River floods caused two disasters. Twelve times. It has been more than two hundred years since the Ming Dynasty, and the Yongding River has been damaged fifteen times. From this point of view, our management is still effective."
"Then why do you have such an expression?" Gao Pingshi saw the wry smile on his face and asked, "Let me guess... Although the number of water damage seems to be less, the harm is greater each time?"
"The master said that the trouble lies in the fact that the management of the Yongding River in the past dynasties mainly focused on building embankments, and finally the entire Yongding River was diverted." Zhang Jin pointed to the frozen Yongding River and said: "The master said that before the Shang Dynasty, the Yongding River flowed out of the river. After the mountain, it passes through Babao Mountain, goes northwest across Kunming Lake, enters Qinghe River, and takes the North Canal to the sea. Then around the time of the Western Zhou Dynasty, the main stream swung from Babao Mountain north to south to Zizhuyuan, passed Jishuitan, and followed the direction of Ba River into the North Canal to reach the sea. From the Spring and Autumn Period to the Western Han Dynasty, the Yongding River ran southward from Jishuitan, passed through Beihai and Zhonghai, exited the inner city, and entered the North Canal via Longtan Lake, Queen Mother Xiao River, and Liangshui River. From the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Sui Dynasty, the Yongding River had moved to the south of Beijing, that is, from Shijingshan to the south. Go to the vicinity of Marco Polo Bridge and then go east, passing between Majiapu and Nanyuan, and flow through the Liangshui River in the southeast and enter the North Canal. After the Tang Dynasty, the Yongding River below Marco Polo Bridge divided into two branches: the southeast branch still runs between Majiapu and Nanyuan; The branch initially flowed along the Feng River, and then gradually swung westward, once reaching the Xiaoqing River-Baigou line. Since the southern branch was established, the southern branch has become the main stream."
It was understandable that the diversion was pragmatic, but he didn't understand why the Zhang family's master and servant thought this diversion was a problem, so he frowned and asked: "In other words, if there were not the strong embankments repeatedly built between Shijingshan and Lugou Bridge in the past dynasties, Is it entirely possible that the Yongding River flows eastward or northeastward after exiting three stores?"
Zhang Jin said: "Yes, I have verified it. It is said that in the second year of Duangong in the Northern Song Dynasty, there was a plan to attack the Youji prefectures occupied by the Khitans. Song Qi, the Minister of the Ministry of Personnel at that time, made a suggestion: 'The water of the Sanggan River belongs to the north corner of Yancheng, and it can be turned around to the west. Turn around the wall. If the army reaches the city, pour the water from the weir northeast of Yandan Mausoleum into the Gaoliang River. The bank of Gaoliang is narrow and the mulberry water will overflow. It can be introduced into Jiaoting Lake east of Zhuzhi Temple, and it will spread for more than a hundred miles in three to five days. , that is, Youzhou is separated from the south of the water.' He believes that if the Song army can divert the Yongding River to circle the north of Youzhou City, Youzhou can be separated from the Liao army. The master believes that judging from the location of the place names mentioned above, At that time, the Sanggan River should have flowed from the south to east of Shijing Mountain, towards Yancheng, which is the northwest corner of Youzhou, and then turned south and flowed southward around the west wall of the city. This river was later used as the water source of the Yongding River in the Jin Dynasty. The foundation of the Jinkou River dug by canal transport. This river still existed until the end of the Jin Dynasty. In the second year of Zhizheng in the Yuan Dynasty, when Polo Timur and others proposed to open the Jinkou River again, Xu Youren, the prime minister on the left of the Zhongshu Council, strongly opposed it. He said: "The water in the Western Mountains is high and steep. During the Jin Dynasty, it flowed into the countryside to the north of the capital city (i.e. Jin Zhongdu). Even if there was a collision, the damage was minor. Now it is southwest of the capital city, which is different from the past." It can be seen from this that at the end of the Jin Dynasty, Lu The ditch river flows from the north to the east of Zhongdu City."
Gao pragmatic frowned slightly when he heard this, and thought to himself: How come you are always on the upper stream after practicing? In this way, the upstream is stabilized after building embankments, but won't the downstream suffer?
Before Gao pragmatic asked, Zhang Jin continued: "I have checked the "Illustrations and Records" compiled by the officials during the Hongwu period. It records that the situation of the Yongding River from the Yuan Dynasty to the founding of the Ming Dynasty was as follows: "Out of Lugou Bridge" It goes down, southeast to Kandankou, breaks through and disperses, and is divided into three: one branch flows southeast, from the Daxing County boundary to Xinhedian, Beixiang, Duzhou (now Xinhe Village on the west bank of the South Liangshui River in Tongzhou District), and the other flows northeast , reaches Gaolizhuang, Tongzhou, and enters the Bailu River; one goes southeast through Qingrundian (now Qingyundian) in Daxing County, and passes through Dong'an County...; one goes south through Liangxiang, Gu'an, Dong'an, Yongqing and other counties ...It joins the Bailu River and enters the sea.' In other words, the Yongding River used to swing up and down in Beijing at that time, but since we built massive dams, it has never flowed east and northeast. Although when the flood season comes, , the dams between Shijingshan and Marco Polo Bridge often broke, but they were quickly repaired and blocked. The north to east of Marco Polo Bridge has never become a mainstream river. This means that the Yongding River has since been just a river that 'passes' from the southwest corner of the suburbs of Beijing. "
Gao pragmatic thought secretly: You have been talking for so long, just because you want to say that the place where the Yongding River flows is solidified? Let me think about it... What you meant with the wry smile before is that the solidification of the river channel has caused changes in the ecological environment of the surrounding area, right?
"What went wrong after the Yongding River only went south?" Gao pragmatically thought, "There is a lack of water in the north?"
Lack of water is an impact that Gao Qingpang can directly think of. Due to the obstruction of stone embankments or stone banks and the elevation of the river bed caused by sedimentation, the surging river water can only flow straight downstream, and it is difficult to pass through the natural drainage. If sufficient groundwater is replenished through seepage, the swamps, lakes, and springs on these ancient river channels will shrink or even disappear, and the groundwater level will drop sharply.
"Young Master Biao has a clear view of thousands of miles." Zhang Jin praised and echoed: "The Yongding River does not go north of Beijing, which directly affects the water supply of the old paths of the Yongding River, Qinghe River and Jingou River in Beijing. Up to now, the water volume in these areas has It has been significantly reduced. The master said that in the past, clear springs could be seen everywhere at the foot of Yuquan Mountain, and their water merged into streams and lakes, which were densely distributed in Yuquan Mountain, hot springs, and Haidian. They were used by various dynasties to build capitals, divert water to aid canals, and open water. It was an important water source for irrigating fields and building palaces and gardens, but after this dynasty overhauled the west Beijing dam, it began to decline significantly."
Zhang Jin sighed softly: "The master also said that the Jinshui River that flowed from Yuquan Mountain alone into Taiye Pond in the Yuan Dynasty has been completely lost and abandoned now; and the inner and outer Jinshui Rivers that linger in the Forbidden City are actually only led from Shichahai. Two small canals. The Shichahai (Jishuitan) and other inner-city rivers and lakes that rely solely on this water source are shrinking due to the decrease in water inflow from the upstream. From the Yuan Dynasty to the present, it has shrunk by nearly half. In the Yuan Dynasty, as The terminus of the Grand Canal, "Haizi" (the Yuan people's name for Jishuitan), which was once lined with ship masts and stern boats to cover the water, has now been encroached on by large streets and rice fields; the Tonghui River, which once brought glory to the north-south water transport, has also It is already very difficult to operate and unsustainable.”
When Zhang Jin said this, he suddenly became silent.
Gao pragmatic glanced at him and suddenly understood. Because Zhang Siwei may dare to talk about the factors that caused this huge change, but as Zhang Jin, he dare not tell them.
When the Ming Dynasty built the city of Beijing, it made major adjustments to the water system: first, a section of the Tonghui River east of Shichahai was included in the imperial city, so that the water transport terminal could only be moved to Datong Bridge outside Dongbianmen; second, When the imperial mausoleum was built in Changping in the north, the nearby springs and water veins were regarded as dragon veins and were prohibited from being used. This resulted in the upper source of the Tonghui River having to rely solely on the Xishan water system in the Yuquan Mountain and Kunming Lake areas - which was definitely not enough.
Gao pragmatic turned around and told the two people who came with him, Shangyue Tingqin, to stay in the carriage to keep warm. However, he got out of the carriage and walked to the river accompanied by Zhang Jin, watching the water surging under the ice. River water, secret passage: A lot of river defense measures have been built in the western part of the Yongding River. If I want to use it to transport soap, it is basically feasible except during the freezing period, but it will be difficult during the freezing period.
Although things like soap can be placed in a remote place in the capital, buy a yard and convert it into a warehouse. Building a warehouse itself is not troublesome. However, if the Yongding River cannot be used in winter, it will affect several of my important ideas for the use of coal in the future. , these assumptions are very important... What should we do?
It has to be said that the high pragmatic ideological consciousness is not too high. After all, judging from Zhang Siwei’s various verifications on the water system of the Yongding River just relayed by Zhang Jin, we know that Zhang Siwei was thinking about the water system of the Yongding River more than ten years ago. Management plan, but after Gao Pragmatic listened to this, his focus was always on his own business...
At this time, Zhang Jin remembered something again and said, "By the way, Master Biao, there is a legend in the capital. I wonder if Master Biao has heard of it?"
"Legend?" Gao Pragmatic was slightly startled: "What legend?"
"The legend of bitter water." Zhang Jin looked at Gao pragmatically and said.
"Bitter water?" Gao Pingshi frowned: "I've never heard of it, what's going on?"
Zhang Jin smiled bitterly and said: "It is said that when our government was building the city of Beijing, Liu Bowen sent General Gao Liang to chase the Dragon King and Dragon Mother to get back to the source of sweet water. As a result, Gao Liang accidentally broke their water basket filled with bitter water. From then on, the whole world... The water in Beijing has turned into bitter water... The drinking water in Gao Ge's hometown must be the water from Yuquan Mountain purchased directly from the water seller. This is also the water used in the palace, but the palace has special people to transport water from Yuquan Mountain. . But in fact, ordinary people cannot afford this water, so they can only drink the bitter water in the capital."
Only then did Gao Pragmatic realize that it must be because Beijing’s annual precipitation is not much but evaporation is strong. After surface runoff reduces the supply of groundwater, the saline and alkali in the soil will be brought to the upper layer as the water evaporates, causing the water to evaporate. Well water, which is drawn primarily from shallow groundwater, is generally bitter.
He smiled bitterly in his heart: It's useless for you to tell me this. I'm a little brat. Even if there is a way to control the water, no one will listen. What's more, water control costs a lot of money. The imperial court's current fiscal revenue is as big as cat poop. , what's the use of it?
But after thinking about it, looking at Zhang Jin's expectant look, Gao Pragmatic couldn't help but comfort him: "I have some ideas on how to control the water, but right now..."
Before he finished speaking, Zhang Jin suddenly turned tense and turned his head to look northwest.
Gao Pragmatic subconsciously turned his head to look, but saw nothing. He couldn't help but be surprised: "What's wrong?"
Zhang Jin didn't answer, but ran towards the tree nearest to him. Regardless of the coldness on the tree, he put his ear against it. Then, his face became worse and worse, he turned around, picked up Gao Pragmatic and walked towards the carriage.
"Master Ciao, there may be thieves."
