According to the laws of Dazhi, slaves and lowly people are not allowed to have private property in their names unless they are freed from their status, including houses and fields.
Some merchants will buy servants with good status and then put the land in their names. Of course, it cannot be a dead deed, otherwise it will become a slave, so it must be a living deed.
The living deed has a lot of controllable space.
The longest period for a living contract registered with the government is twenty years.
Therefore, some merchants will deliberately buy poor people with good citizenship as servants, and then ask them to sign a living deed for twenty years, and then put dozens of acres of land in their name. In this way, they indirectly have control over these lands. .
Of course, there are risks in doing so.
When the master is in a daze, he forgets for a moment which servant's name these properties belong to, and he takes the opportunity to redeem them. Then these properties have nothing to do with the master's family at all.
In other cases, some masters signed a ten-year contract, but as time went by, they forgot to change the contract. After the expiration, the servant could still be free and still have land in his name to make a living.
All in all, there are pros and cons, but most merchants will do this.
But because this is not a glorious thing after all, and it is not illegal, but it is illegal, so most merchants do not list too much land in the name of their servants. They list dozens of acres per day, and some may only have more than a dozen acres. acres, or even several acres of fields.
Because the family was a businessman, it was impossible for him to have a famous scholar, let alone an official.
Therefore, this can be regarded as indirectly preventing collusion between government and businessmen.
The man's voice just now was sonorous and powerful, and naturally several people in the room heard it clearly.
"Your Majesty, the person who just spoke is Xie Chen from the Xie family in the outer city, who is also the cousin of Xie Lin, the head of the cultural gathering."
Zhao Yue nodded, not commenting on what he just said.
Unexpectedly, soon, because of this incident, the scholars began to discuss the national policy of focusing on agriculture and suppressing business.
Most students believe that focusing on agriculture and suppressing business is the right way. Businessmen value profits and smell of copper. If businessmen become big, won't the disasters of the previous dynasty happen again?
Of course, this is a bit exaggerated. How could the previous dynasty be destroyed just because the merchants became bigger?
In the final analysis, it was still the tyranny of the previous dynasty, the corruption and filth of the court, which made it difficult for the people to live, and this is why today's great governance has emerged with widespread complaints.
There were voices in the lobby, and most of them were supporting the faction of Master Qin in the DPRK, who wanted to increase the collection of commercial taxes.
Zhao Yue listened for a long time, his face became more and more solemn.
Xie Rongzhao took a sip of tea, and then suddenly sighed: "Are these people crazy? We know that if the agricultural tax is levied too much, the farmers will not be able to survive. If the commercial tax is levied too much, what will happen to the merchants? ?”
Zhao Yue came to his senses and raised his eyebrows: "What do you mean, little dear?"
Xie Rongzhao shook his head: "I can't tell. Anyway, I think my father will definitely not agree with their statement. My father once said that if the court wants to impose heavy taxes on merchants, not only will it not be beneficial to people's livelihood, but it may also harm people's livelihood. Accelerating the conflict between the court and the people. I don’t know the specific explanation.”
It is already amazing that a six-year-old girl can say such words.
Changfeng's eyes changed when he looked at her. He always felt that this child was a monster!
Zhao Yue was not disappointed when he failed to hear the answer from her. In his opinion, if he wanted to find out more clearly, he might as well talk to Xie Xiuwen for a few more words.
I don't know who mentioned Xie Xiuwen, and then some people started hooting and wanting to hear what the young Mr. Xie Yuangong said.
Xie Xiuwen was in the lobby on the first floor. He was originally sitting in a corner, drinking tea with Wang Jin and listening to the loud comments of others. Who would have thought that this fire could burn him?
Xie Chen glanced over, and a scholar in Tsing Yi cupped his hands and said: "Xie Jieyuan, I have long heard that you are famous for your talent, and today I want to ask you for some advice."
This attitude really means respecting him.
Xie Xiuwen stood up and returned the salute, and said without hesitation: "I just heard some of my dear friends talking lively, but there is something I don't understand. Please clarify my doubts."
"Thank you, why should you be so polite? It's okay to speak up if you have anything to say."
Xie Xiuwen smiled: "Do you know what the business tax is now?"
This statement confused everyone present.
Most of them are not familiar with general affairs. Even if there is some property in the family, there will be a dedicated person to take care of it. Naturally, it will not fall on them. Most of them are people who only read the books of sages. How do they know how to deal with business taxes? collection?
However, after a moment of silence, there were sounds one after another.
"Business tax is one out of ten."
"It seems like our tax rate is 20 per cent, right?"
"No, no, commercial tax mainly depends on the goods. There are city tax and Shanze tax."
…
Zhao Yue heard the responses from the people below and shook his head with a hint of mockery.
Finally, Wang Jin stood up and told everyone: "According to the Dazhi Law, the commercial tax collection process is divided into over-tax and residence tax. Anyone who sells goods by merchants is taxed 20 per thousand yuan, which is called over-tax; anyone who sells goods through business is taxed per A thousand pieces of money is taxed at thirty. If someone goes into business and sells their own goods, then they have to bear double taxes."
Xie Chen frowned, and the scholar in Tsing Yi who called before said again: "So what? It's double taxation, and the tax for a thousand dollars is only fifty. In this way, don't those businessmen make a lot of profits? No wonder the world Changdao businessmen are cunning, as expected!"
How do these people who are not familiar with common affairs know the hardships of doing business?
"What this brother said is wrong."
Everyone looked over, wanting to hear what Xie Xiuwen had to say.
"This double tax does not sound heavy. The total tax of a thousand dollars is only fifty. But everyone, the thousand dollars here is not just the profit gained by the merchants, but the total value of the goods."
After thanking him for his essay, he picked up the teapot on the table and held it up high: "Just like this teapot, assuming it costs a thousand dollars, then there will be a tax of fifty, but in fact this teapot may only be sold for one thousand two hundred dollars." Money. In other words, taking this teapot as an example, the merchant’s final profit is one hundred and fifty money.”
The scholar in Tsing Yi shouted again: "That's a lot. I only paid 50 yuan, but made a profit of 150 yuan. Even if there is an additional level of tax, the merchants can obviously afford it."
This statement attracted the approval of many people.
Xie Xiuwen couldn't help shaking his head and laughing: "This brother Xu is from a wealthy family and doesn't know the sufferings of the people. Merchants' families are not allowed to take the imperial examination, let alone be officials. Then, they have to bear Ding tax and Yao service. Some families have to go out to do business. Naturally, the Yao service must be redeemed with silver money. Do you know how much silver it costs for a family to redeem a Yao service? In addition, if there is a war, they will also have to bear military service. Once the conscription starts, they will either send their son to the family. If you go to the battlefield, you have to pay for your military service. Do you know how much money it costs to redeem your military service?"
The scholars were questioned again!
It’s not written in the book!
Who knows how much money it takes to redeem Yao service and military service?
