When Li Yu's article about
After the paper "Single Photon Double Slit Interference Experiment" was published, it did not cause the usual uproar.
Because in the eyes of most scientists, even if this experiment cannot be done, it seems to be explainable through thought experiments.
After all, everyone currently thinks that light is a wave! So light should interfere. Just made one
With the advance assumption of the concept of "photons", this experiment appears to be
"Deliberately" increasing the difficulty, after all, some people cannot accept that a single particle can interfere. But the concept of waves is too deep into the body and mind, and the evidence is conclusive, if
"Photons" really exist, then what a hell! Another reason is that there are still many big scholars who insist on classical mechanics and cannot even accept atomic theory. Photons are obviously too advanced.
Wayne from the Imperial Institute of Physics and Technology quickly found Li Yu with the "Physical Yearbook". Wien is the one who proposed the Wien formula for black body radiation. The difference between Planck's black body radiation formula and his is that there are more denominators.
"-1".
"Although your Excellency already has a high reputation in the field of mathematics, I still think that you are making up your mind." Wayne said straight to the point.
"Why did the professor say that?" Li Yu asked. Wien is currently the director of the Department of Physics and the Institute of Research at the University of Würzburg. This position is quite unusual because he succeeded Roentgen.
Wien was almost a big fan of Röntgen. Now Roentgen's reputation in the European scientific community is quite high, and it can be seen that Wien is not weak at least in terms of status.
Wien said: "Your Excellency gave a seemingly reasonable mathematical explanation, but I always feel that it is too far-fetched." Li Yu said: "If the professor had seen the derivation process, he would know that there is nothing wrong." Wien said: "Even if There is no mistake, but if the starting point is wrong, it can only be understood as the result was made up by chance." Li Yu smiled and said: "Professor Wein, I spend a lot of time on mathematical derivation. You should also be able to see that, Although there is only an extra '-1' in the denominator, because it is a differential form, its mathematical difficulty is not at all difficult, and it can even be said that it is no longer the same thing." Anyone who has studied indefinite integrals in advanced mathematics should have experienced this. Just multiple in the denominator
Simple changes such as "+1" feel harmless to humans and animals, but the difficulty is like going directly from the novice village to the boss battle.
There is a very classic saying in advanced mathematics: "Add one to the denominator and everything will become thinner." To give a simple example, if you want to find the indefinite integral of one-quarter of the fifth power of
But if you add 1 to the 5th power of the denominator x and then calculate the indefinite integral, the answer becomes very unhuman!
Basically it can be used as a big question in a higher mathematics competition! It's just so perverted. What's more, Wien's formula itself is very complicated, far from being as simple as the fifth power of x.
So even though the changes are small, they actually directly make the formula very difficult mathematically.
This is also the reason why Planck has been unable to provide a correct mathematical derivation of blackbody radiation.
In the eyes of many physicists, this is simply not a physics problem, but a mathematical problem, because it is beyond the mathematical capabilities of all physicists at this time.
It is said that most physicists at this time did not attach much importance to mathematics. Many mathematical problems had to be consulted by specialized mathematicians, even Einstein was no exception.
A person like Hilbert, who is not particularly quick in the mathematical world, could mock Einstein's mathematical abilities very casually...
"That's why," said Wayne,
"I think there is some kind of error in your judgment, which is just a mathematical showoff." Li Yu said: "Mathematics is the language to explain the natural world. If it cannot be mathematically justified, then any formula will be meaningless. Water from the source, tree without roots. To a certain extent, the professor's formula is also a semi-empirical formula, right?" Wien's black body radiation formula is really not a pure derivation.
It's just his
I have too much “experience”, having studied black bodies for many years, and even
He gave the original strict definition of "black body". Wien said: "Even though it is an empirical formula, my formula is much simpler. Physics should be simple, and it should have an explanation of the essence of physics." Li Yu said: "I agree with the professor, physics is indeed simple. And it’s beautiful, but simplicity and simplicity are two completely different concepts. As for the explanation of the nature of physics, I think Mr. Planck’s article makes it very clear.”
"Quantum?" Wayne asked. Li Yu nodded: "Don't you think that with such a simple setting, the physical explanation can become extremely concise and beautiful?" Wayne shook his head vigorously: "On the contrary! The concept of 'quantum' It’s like a ghost, no, it should be a devil! It seems to be beyond the scope of science and moving closer to unscientific religion." Li Yu said: "Hundreds of years ago, when human cells were first seen under a microscope, Isn’t this the first time that everyone knows that life is made up of such tiny things. Cells are made up of even smaller atoms, and atoms can still be subdivided, such as the electrons discovered by Professor Thomson before. But the professor believes that they will be infinitely fine. Are you going to divide it up?" Wei En was a little confused by the question, thought for a while and said: "This is a good question, I didn't realize it before." Li Yu said: "If it can be divided into infinite subdivisions, then physics does not need to exist. , because everything is mathematics." Wien immediately said: "I cannot accept such a result!" Li Yu said with a smile: "Now according to Professor Planck's formula, everything has a minimum lower limit, so how can it be so? Doesn’t this give physics the best initial foundation?”
"It seems... there's some truth to it," Wayne said.
"But some of what you are talking about involves the field of philosophy, and I need to study it carefully." Li Yu said: "After a few years, the professor may not think it is like abstract philosophy, but real physics. "
"Although I still cannot fully agree with your point of view, I admit that there is a partial explanation of the nature of physics to a certain extent, and I will conduct in-depth research on this." Wien said.
Wien is actually quite ambitious, and the Nobel Prize that didn't belong to him didn't make him lose himself. He has continued to learn the latest theories since then.
Li Yu said: "Professors are welcome to correct my theory at any time." Wien was also polite: "I will try to find loopholes in it." Li Yu said: "If this is the case, it will also be a spur to me." Wien said : "But if your conclusion is correct, I'm afraid all my years of hard work will be in vain."
"No," Li Yu said,
"At least the professor's formula is very consistent in the short-wave field, and the calculation is simple. There is still no problem when used as an optical pyrometer to measure temperature." This is the reason why Wien's formula has not been completely abandoned since then.
But this is a problem at the application level, so simplicity is naturally pursued. Wayne sighed: "It can only be like this." And he certainly didn't want this in his heart.
Li Yu said: "Science will always make progress. I thought of a sentence for the professor, let'skillthedarkones." Li Yu thought of Vayne, the hero vn in the League of Legends. This classic line must not be appreciated by many people. Stranger: "Let us hunt those who fall into the darkness."
Wayne was already a little shaken and said with a wry smile: "Am I the person in the darkness?" Li Yu said: "The two dark clouds are too big now. I'm afraid most people are in the dark." Wayne said I felt a little better: "I hope I can see the light of day." In the past one hundred years, science has developed too fast, and many scholars are indeed afraid of not being able to keep up.
While Wien felt a little uncomfortable, Einstein was extremely happy to see Li Yu's paper on single electrons.
Every sentence in the article spoke to his heart. Einstein was restless in the patent office: "It's so wonderful! If it is true as Li Yu said, then many problems that have been bothering me for a long time will be explained. ." He ignored the patent review work at hand and thought over and over with the "Physical Yearbook": "But if there are mistakes, wouldn't it be a failure? But there shouldn't be mistakes, right? After all, we all thought of it together... "Einstein was a little hesitant, because he himself knew that it was counter-intuitive.
"Forget it, just give it a try. If you make a mistake, you'll have to try again!" After all, Einstein was young at this time and had the opportunity to try and make mistakes.
The director coughed: "Einstein, today the suspension and carburetor patents must be reviewed carefully." Einstein quickly recovered his thoughts: "Okay, director, I will do the job at hand." The director said: "These patents come from Austria and Germany. We must not be careless about the requests from customers in these two countries." After all, Switzerland is a small country and cannot do without the markets of other countries.
"I understand," said Einstein. But even when he was working, his mind was full of thoughts about cutting-edge physics.
As soon as the director left, Einstein immediately found the telegraph machine of the Patent Office and sent a telegram to Li Yu who was in Siemens, Germany: "I'm surprised to hear that Mr. has arrived in Germany, and I really want to see him. It's a pity that he is busy with work and can't get away for the time being. I hope Mr. can be here." If I stay in Europe for a while longer, I will definitely go to Berlin in person when I find time. -Albert Einstein." Li Yuyile, it is really not easy for the young Einstein to make such a request, but at any rate He is an idol, so I’d better go find him later. I also happen to go to Switzerland to see the snow in the Alps.
Ahem, let's have some romance with the girl... So Li Yu replied: "Mr. Einstein, you don't have to worry about this, I will go to Switzerland myself." Even if Einstein has the weekend, the round trip is not that fast now. , time is too tight.
Einstein was very happy: "I'm looking forward to your arrival sir! Also, it's best to do it on the weekend, because I have a lot of issues to discuss with my husband." It's not easy for an office worker!
