After hanging up the phone, putting away the gauss gun and protective vest, Chen Yi went back to take a nap.
I slept until about ten o'clock in the morning.
Chen Yi placed an order online and bought some melon seeds and pistachios, waiting for the announcement.
But I waited and waited until lunch, but there was still no movement.
"Forget it, let's work on nuclear fusion. My drone can't wait to have its heart replaced."
After a simple lunch, Chen Yi looked at the time and calculated the decay period of neutrons.
After making sure that all the neutrons had dissipated, I put on a dust mask, protective clothing and gloves, and walked to yesterday's laboratory with a Geiger counter.
Click!
Push open the sealed door.
A wave of heat came over me.
Chen Yi glanced at the Geiger counter in his hand.
The pointer moved, but it was still far from exceeding the standard.
Brave the heat and go inside.
Chen Yi used a Geiger counter to measure various areas.
It was found that the radiation in addition to nuclear fusion reactors reaches 2.05μSv.
It is ten times higher than the natural radiation in the environment.
Holding the reactor for a year without letting go is equivalent to eight or nine CT scans.
Radiation in other places is normal.
"It seems that a considerable part of the transmutation elements are non-radioactive elements, or the elements have a half-life period of hundreds of millions of years or billions of years, which can be said to be safe and worry-free."
"Xuannu, turn on the air conditioning system."
The radiation threat was determined to be virtually non-existent.
Chen Yi safely gave instructions to the subroutine that Xuannv had separated.
I didn't dare to turn on the air conditioner yesterday because I was afraid that neutron irradiation would transmute radioactive elements and spread to every corner of the entire laboratory with the circulation of the air conditioner, making the pollution more difficult to clean up.
Now that I am sure there is almost no radiation, I can naturally turn on the air conditioner with confidence.
Buzz!
The high-power central air conditioner in the laboratory is turned on, and the cool breeze dissipates the remaining heat.
Chen Yi found the laboratory's testing equipment and began to conduct a detailed inspection of the nuclear fusion reactor.
"It was injected with so many neutrons that the elemental DNA changed."
Checked the casing, microwave generator, first inner wall of the donut, etc.
Chen Yi discovered that, except for the superconducting coil protected by a layer of beryllium, all other modules contained some new elements caused by the forcible injection of high-energy neutrons and transmutation.
These elements are like impurities in the material, causing the overall performance to drop by more than ten to forty percent.
Among them, the first inner wall of the donut is the most serious, as it is frontally exposed to high-temperature plasma thermal radiation, plasma radiation and infrared radiation, and is also the first target of high-energy neutron attack.
The eroded materials in some areas can be smashed to pieces with a light hammer.
It is estimated that if it runs for a few more hours, the entire inner wall will collapse.
"Deuterium-tritium fusion is really dancing on the tip of a knife."
Looking at the internal material that could break into pieces when he knocked it, Chen Yi seemed to be able to imagine it.
If this thing falls off during operation.
As a result, the superconducting coil behind was subjected to plasma radiation and infrared radiation, and over-temperature deconduction occurred, the magnetic restraint failed, and the entire reactor exploded.
Although at the first moment of frying the oven.
The plasma diffusion cools down instantly and the fusion reaction stops.
However, when performing a fusion reaction, the energy bound by the magnetic confinement field is on the order of tens of thousands of equivalents at least.
"No wonder a qualified magnetic confinement reactor must have a second set of spare coils, and multiple pools must be built in and around the laboratory."
"If an accident occurs to the first set of coils, the second set of coils is required to be energized within nanoseconds to generate a magnetic field to intercept the uncontrolled diffusion of ultra-high temperature plasma."
"If something happens to both sets of coils, well, let's pray."
"I pray that when the safety mechanism is activated, the pool gate is opened, and emergency water is released to cool down the plasma, I will not be boiled into a prawn."
Chen Yi made a rough estimate in his mind.
Because it is not an explosion that releases energy, but heat diffusion that releases energy, the reaction stops immediately when it is out of control.
Even if such a standard nuclear fusion reactor goes out of control, several swimming pools can suppress it.
"It seems that the standard solution in the future is to pile fusion energy underground and build an artificial lake above it."
"As long as there is enough water in the lake, ten nuclear fusion reactors can only burn one lake of warm water."
Chen Yi carefully inspected the entire fusion reactor.
Especially for the erosion of the first inner wall, a full-scale model was drawn.
Mark the erosion status of each place on the model one by one.
These marked areas correspond to areas where ultra-high temperature plasma energy is concentrated and the fusion reaction is more powerful.
It is of great significance for Chen Yi to explore the ultra-high temperature plasma turbulence model to solve the turbulent impact and greatly improve the efficiency of the fusion reactor.
"Plasma turbulence, one of the core problems in controllable nuclear fusion."
"If this is not solved, it will be difficult to significantly improve the reaction efficiency of the fusion reactor, the efficiency of energy production, and the stability and efficiency of the confinement magnetic field."
“Of course, this problem is also the most difficult to solve.
Explore the fluid motion inside plasma at a temperature of several hundred million degrees Celsius.
Explore the turbulence distribution coefficient inside the plasma.
This temperature condition alone blocks almost all detection methods.
No detection, no data.
Without data, it is impossible to explore and understand the internal situation. "
Chen Yi frowned slightly.
Ultra-high temperature plasma turbulence and vortex are a kind of fluid movement.
Image point metaphor.
This is a tornado in a magnetic confinement field, with a lot of turbulence and eddy currents inside.
These turbulences and vortices are constantly generated and dissipated all the time.
Every time turbulence occurs and hits the surrounding confinement magnetic field, it will bring a huge impact, causing the confinement magnetic field to consume more energy.
Every time a vortex is generated and energy gathers, the intensity of the fusion reaction in the corresponding area will skyrocket, releasing more energy, causing the regional temperature to increase, the plasma to expand, and then more turbulence will be generated, impacting the surrounding confinement field.
Now, Chen Yi needs to study and understand the movement of all turbulence and vortices, and find a mathematical model and fluid model to summarize this movement.
Then, guided by theoretical models, the interference impedes the generation of turbulence and eddies.
Make the fusion reaction proceed more smoothly and constrain it more stably.
For turbulence and eddy currents that cannot be hindered, the constrained magnetic field is actively adjusted.
For example, if a turbulent impact occurs, the current and frequency of the control coil will be controlled, and the magnetic constraints in the corresponding area will be retreated.
After exiting this space, the turbulence rushes through this distance and dissipates on its own.
For example, eddy currents will be generated, regional fusion reactions will intensify, and plasma will expand regionally. The constraint strength and distance of the constraining magnetic field will also be adjusted to ensure that the impact of plasma expansion is smaller.
In this way, the input energy required to maintain stable nuclear fusion can be saved by at least half or even two-thirds, and the overall energy output is greatly improved.
After all, maintaining a magnetic field costs very little.
The main consumption is the magnetic field overcoming other energy consumption.
According to this.
Western Europe also developed magnetically constrained stellarator devices in the past few years.
It is to twist the constraint coil into a twist to create a twist-like magnetic field.
Change the shape of the magnetic field directly at the hardware level to adapt to the turbulence and eddy currents of high-temperature plasma.
At that time, the tokamak didn't even understand the donut-shaped confinement magnetic field, and there were a lot of problems, and it couldn't even build a furnace.
The stellarator began to conduct plasma confinement experiments to adapt to the turbulence and eddy currents of the plasma.
For a time, the stellarator was hailed as the most promising eldest son of magnetically confined controllable nuclear fusion.
A lot of money has been poured into it, and the progress of research and testing has also been rapid.
But it's a pity.
As the temperature continues to increase, the turbulence and vortices of plasma also become exponentially more complex.
The twist twist of the star imitator also changes from three turns, five turns, eight turns, and one hundred turns.
In the end, tens of billions of euros were spent, but the fusion temperature has not yet been reached.
The turbulence and eddies of the plasma are beyond the limits of twisting.
The stellarator route was stuck, and it was gradually caught up by domestic tokamak devices.
"The problem of ultra-high temperature plasma detection is indeed a bit difficult."
Looking at the nuclear fusion reactor in front of him, Chen Yi thought for a while.
A thought came to my mind.
Colorful lights bloom.
【Energy: 174→114】
【Efficiency: 126.4→186.4】
[It is detected that a certain attribute exceeds the initial value. Do you want to read the information? whether! 】
"yes."
The nuclear fusion device transcends the conventional and reaches the level of a force field, and the consumption of consciousness waves increases a thousand times.
After spending 12 million consciousness waves to increase the efficiency attribute to 186.4, Chen Yi did not hesitate and decisively chose to read.
boom!
A lot of information and data comes to mind.
With the help of the system.
Chen Yi quickly digested the information and data and frowned slightly.
"It's all about magnetically confined magnetic fields, and data on how to deal with turbulence and eddy current impacts."
"There are no data on plasma turbulence and eddies."
Chen Yi shook his head.
He knew that this thing was not that easy to do.
Because plasma turbulence is a factor that fusion reactors need to face, not a factor within the nuclear fusion device.
This relationship is like the relationship between the outside temperature and the air conditioner.
Adjust the properties of an air conditioner and reading the information will only tell you.
When the outside temperature increases, it is difficult for the outdoor unit to dissipate heat. It is necessary to increase the speed of the cooling fan to maintain stable operation.
But the properties of air conditioners won't tell you why the outside temperature rises.
Because changes in outside temperature are not a problem of the air conditioner itself.
"Unless we build a super powerful fusion reactor."
"For example, if you have a 100 million kilowatt fusion reactor, you can read the properties of this reactor and then through backward compatibility, you can master the data on how all fusion reactors within 100 million kilowatts can cope with turbulence."
"100 million kilowatts. I'd better do plasma turbulence."
Chen Yi roughly estimated the time and cost of building a 100 million kilowatt fusion reactor and gave up the idea directly.
"To study turbulence and eddies inside high-temperature plasmas, the key is to obtain data inside the plasma."
"So, I need an accurate detector."
Based on the principle of detection, Chen Yi thought for a while.
Write a noun on a piece of paper.
Hydrogen launcher.
Since it is an ultra-high temperature plasma, the temperature of hundreds of millions of degrees Celsius blocks all outside detection.
A series of modern high-precision detectors can only sense overall energy changes, but cannot detect internal conditions.
Then just build an object that can penetrate into the ultra-high temperature plasma without being damaged.
Inject this object into it, and then detect the bounced trajectory, direction, angle, speed, kinetic energy changes and other parameters, and then you can slowly calculate the situation inside the plasma backwards.
"The hydrogen nucleus, or proton, wants to be destroyed."
"It requires a high temperature of at least a billion degrees Celsius, or tens or even hundreds of millions of atmospheric pressures in the star's core."
"A nuclear fusion device with only 100 to 200 million degrees Celsius is not even a bath for it."
"What's more, protons are electrically charged and can be emitted and detected by magnetic fields, so that's perfect."
Chen Yi determined his plan. Simply put, this is a blind guessing table tennis game.
The high-temperature plasma in the confinement field is a billiard ball that is covered and invisible. The emitted hydrogen nuclei, or protons, are the balls that are hit. Through the rebound and force change of the ball, you can guess where the billiard ball was originally placed.
Of course, the basic principle is this, and the difficulty of actual implementation will definitely increase by hundreds of millions.
“High temperatures of hundreds of millions of degrees Celsius.
The thermal motion inside the plasma can be said to be more intense than that of most stars.
Plus the energy consumed in and out of the restraining field.
The proton wants to hit it in and bounce out.
Instead of being blocked by the constraining field or flooded by plasma, the emission intensity must be very strong.
But it’s not enough to be too strong.
If it is too strong, the kinetic energy of the proton exceeds the endurance limit of the proton, and it will not rebound at all when it hits, but will only be annihilated."
Chen Yi walked to the radiation-free safe house next to him.
I took off my dust mask, took out pen and paper and calculated for a while, and even requested some supercomputing resources.
It took more than two hours.
A temperature parameter was calculated by him.
<101987060.78℃
Not exceeding 101.9 million degrees Celsius.
If the temperature is maintained below this level, the protons will be able to penetrate the constraining field, and after many rebounds, they will still have room for ejection.
No matter how high the temperature is, if the proton wants to be ejected, the initial kinetic energy of the launch will exceed the proton's endurance limit.
That's not detection, that's a collider test. At the moment of impact, the protons themselves are annihilated.
"Of course, the condition for ejection is that it must be impacted within 6 times."
"If there are too many impacts and too much energy is lost, it will still not be able to come out."
Chen Yi added a condition.
According to the temperature and density of the plasma, it will come out after 6 bounces.
He estimated that it would be good if only 1 out of 1 million protons could come out.
But no matter what, the presence of protons means there is data.
With data and an intelligent life like Xuannv, he could come up with a mathematical model of plasma turbulence.
"101.9 million degrees Celsius, that's not deuterium-helium fusion."
"It seems that we need to obtain data step by step."
"From millions, to tens of millions, to tens of millions, we gradually collect data to see the changing patterns of turbulence through different temperature ranges."
"From 101.9 million degrees Celsius, a plasma turbulence model of hundreds of millions or even billions of degrees Celsius is derived."
"Let's do it. Let's do it."
"Hydrogen launcher, also known as proton launcher, proton launcher."
"An improved version of the ion cannon. This thing is an old acquaintance."
The plan was determined.
Chen Yi quickly designed based on the previous space-based ion cannon.
All were replaced with superconducting materials, which enhanced the strength of the split electric field and added a circular acceleration track.
It took thirteen hours, from daytime to early morning.
An external power supply, an 18-meter-long accelerating track, and an 8-meter-diameter proton launcher with a donut-style synchrotron field in the initial section successfully appeared in front of Chen Yi.
[Item: Proton Extreme Launcher]
[Attributes: Power x159, Efficiency x129, Control x167, Beauty x12]
[Note: This is a launcher whose kinetic energy is close to the limit of protons. If the power is increased a little bit, you will witness the deeper mysteries of the universe.
Note that the kinetic energy of proton emission is too large, please pay attention to safety when using it. 】
Chapter One
(End of chapter)
