The earth's climate is not always in a good state suitable for human survival. Sometimes the changes in the earth's climate are very violent and extreme, causing the human living and production environment to become very harsh, putting human life in serious danger and causing turmoil in the natural world. Plants died in large numbers, and human agriculture and animal husbandry were also facing catastrophe.
According to ancient Egyptian and other historical documents, a very serious Little Ice Age occurred on the earth between 4300 and 4100 years ago. This ice age caused Egypt and other northern African places to be very dry and cold, and the water level of the Nile River dropped. Frequent interruptions. Due to the reduction and failure of harvests in the Nile Delta and coastal agricultural and livestock areas, Egypt has fallen into a state of war, division and panic for more than a hundred years.
According to ancient Egyptian historical documents discovered by archaeologists, the famine caused by this disaster led to the widespread phenomenon of cannibalism, "exchanging children for food." At that time, Egypt was a land of fish and rice with the richest products along the Mediterranean coast and the Middle East. Its disaster was already so tragic, and the sufferings experienced by people in other relatively poor areas were even more unimaginable!
This Little Ice Age caused the Hittites, a farming and pastoral people who originally lived in the Balkan Peninsula of Europe, to immigrate to Asia Minor and gradually develop southward, which triggered frequent wars between the Hittites and the Sumerians, Assads and Egyptians. .
At the beginning of this Little Ice Age, a large number of farming people and nomadic peoples living in the southern European steppes and the Caucasus entered Iran and other Middle East regions. They entered Central Asia and the Xinjiang region of my country, and then they continued southward and entered the Indus River Basin. , and the Ganges River Basin region of India. They established the Iranian Empire in Iran and other regions; they established the early Indian Empire in the Indus River Basin and Ganges River Basin. Since these peoples are all Caucasian, they are called Europas, and they are linguistically the same and similar languages, so their phonetics are called Indo-European, and they are also called Indo-Europeans. But they call themselves "Aryan", and their interpretation of Aryan means "faithful" and "noble". "Aryan" means "Aryan" in ancient Vietnamese, "Ya ya" means woman, mother and Virgin; "Li" means good and beautiful; "An a"
"It means staple food, main meal; the literal translation of "Aryan" is "the Holy Mother clan with good fertility", of course it can also be extended and interpreted to mean "having faith" and "noble", getting enough food, and getting the ability to survive. Security, this is the common ideal of human beings who have experienced hunger and cold.
Perhaps the ancient countries established by the ancient Yue people such as Loulan in Xinjiang of my country gradually declined after the northern peoples such as the Aryans moved south, because the Aryans at that time should still be a gathering, fishing and hunting people, and they did not know much about agriculture and animal husbandry. There are few, so they can only snatch food, land, homes and other living resources from local farming peoples and nomadic peoples. This leads to war-hating farmers and herdsmen moving to warmer southern regions. Archaeologists have verified that the oasis cities around Lop Nur in Xinjiang have been gradually abandoned by humans since 4200 years ago. It can be seen that this Little Ice Age had a huge impact on the earth's climate and environment, and its scope was wide!
This Little Ice Age also profoundly affected the redistribution and formation of ethnic groups in mainland China. According to archaeological evidence, 25,000 years ago, modern humans have settled in northern Eurasia, ranging from the Arctic Ocean coast of Siberia in the north; to the Yellow River Basin in the south; to the Bohai Sea, Sea of Japan and Pacific Ocean in the east; to the Middle East and the European continent in the west. and activities.
At present, the ancient cultural sites discovered by archeology in China in the Yellow River Basin and the areas north of it include:
Banpo Culture: Located in Banpo Village, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province, it dates back to about 6800-6300 years ago. The original residents of Banpo Village were settled and established villages in clan or tribe units. Banpo is a primitive society with no distinction between rich and poor. The residential areas are surrounded by trenches to protect them from wild animals. Houses are above ground and semi-underground, square or circular in shape. There is a large rectangular house in the center of the residential area, which may be a place for clan collective activities. The unearthed variety of agricultural tools, fishing and hunting tools reflect that Banpo residents' economic life placed equal emphasis on agriculture, fishing and hunting. Pottery includes coarse sand jars, small mouth pointed bottom bottles, etc. The painted pottery is very outstanding, with red ground and black color, simple and simple patterns, including human faces, fish, deer, plant branches and leaves, and geometric patterns.
Twenty-two symbols were found on the pottery, which may be a kind of primitive writing. When Banpo adults died, they were buried in public cemeteries, often with pottery, bone beads and other decorations. There are two same-sex tombs at the site, with two men and four women buried respectively. This is generally considered to be a burial custom in a matrilineal clan society. Children who died were buried in residential areas, usually in urn coffins. The exquisite and rich burial objects in a girl's pit tomb indicate the great love for girls at that time.
Shimao Culture: About 4,300 years ago, it is located on the mountain on the north side of the Tuwei River in Shimao Village, Gaojiabao Town, Shenmu City, Yulin City, Shaanxi Province, on the northern edge of the Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi. The site covers an area of approximately 4.25 million square meters. It has a large-scale "Imperial City Terrace" site with a stone foundation building. The site is a super-large central settlement in northern China. Experts initially determined that the lifespan of this "Stone City" is more than 300 years. This may be the earliest royal city of the Chinese people, and the tomb of the Yellow Emperor, the ancestor of the Chinese people, is very close to here.
Hongshan Culture: Located in Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, the site covers an area of 200,000 square kilometers. The Hongshan Culture dates from 4000 BC to 3000 BC. Residents of the Hongshan Culture were mainly engaged in agriculture. They also raised livestock such as pigs, cattle, and sheep, and also engaged in fishing and hunting. They also made two-hole stone knives, stone knives, and shouldered stone hoes, etc. The pottery is characterized by zigzag patterns with stamped and grated dots and painted pottery. The types include pots, basins, urns, bottomless cylindrical vessels, etc. Jade is the essence of Hongshan Culture.
Majiayao Culture: 5700 to 4300 years ago, located in Majiayao Village, Lintao County, Gansu Province. This cultural site is mainly distributed in the upper reaches of the Yellow River and the Taohe River, Daxia River, Huangshui River Basin and Liangshui Basin in Gansu and Qinghai. The valley water basin area of the state.
Yangshao Culture: About 7000 to 5000 years ago, it is located in Yangshao Village, Mianchi County, Sanmenxia City, Henan Province. It has the typical characteristics of the Neolithic painted pottery culture in the middle reaches of the Yellow River. The painted pottery culture was gathered in Guanzhong by the tributaries of the Wei, Fen and Luo Yellow Rivers. Western Henan is centered on southern Shanxi, and its cultural area includes a wide range of areas including the Great Wall and the Hetao area in the north, northwestern Hubei in the south, eastern Henan in the east, and the bordering areas of Gansu and Qinghai in the west.
Dawenkou Culture: About 6500-4500 years ago, it is located in Dawenkou Town, Daiyue District, Tai'an City, Shandong Province. The cultural sites are distributed from the coast of the Yellow Sea in the east, to the eastern part of the Luxi Plain in the west, and to the north shore of the Bohai Sea in the north. It extends to a wide range of areas including Jiangsu and Huaibei in the south.
Artificial deformation of the occipital bone and tooth extraction were popular in Dawenkou culture. Red pottery with sand or mud is more common. In the early days, red pottery was the main type. In the later period, it developed into wheel-made pottery, and hard white pottery appeared. Commonly used patterns include holes, scratches, additional pile patterns, basket patterns, as well as painted pottery and red-painted pottery. The painted pottery is less but full of characteristics, and the stone tools are exquisitely polished. After the middle period, well-made jade articles appeared.
Among the excavated sites, settlement sites from the late Dawenkou Culture were discovered at the Yuchi Temple site in Mengcheng, Anhui Province, which consisted of rows of braised earthen buildings. These townhouses range from six rooms in a row to two connected, with a rigorous layout, showing high construction technology.
The burial style of the Dawenkou people is generally lying on the back with the limbs straight, but there are also burials with the body bent, bent limbs and secondary burials. In addition, some relatively special burial styles such as head-folding burials and limb-breaking burials were also discovered. From the middle to late period onwards, wooden burial tools were discovered, and large-mouthed statues with various pottery inscriptions were used among the funerary objects in some adult tombs and children's urn coffins. The emergence of the burial of husband and wife together and the burial of husband and wife with children together marked the end of the matrilineal society and the beginning or entry into the patriarchal clan society.
Longshan Culture: About 4,000 years ago, it was located in Longshan Town, Licheng County, Jinan City, Shandong Province (now part of Zhangqiu District, Jinan City). This cultural area is distributed in Henan, Shandong, Shanxi, Shaanxi and other provinces in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River. Longshan Culture originated from Dawenkou Culture and has the typical cultural characteristics of "polished black pottery".
These cultures all have one thing in common: they all mysteriously disappeared between 4300 and 4000 years ago! Why did they abandon their homes and land? We believe that only extremely serious natural and man-made disasters will cause human beings to flee and migrate. So what is this natural and man-made disaster? Such a widespread and simultaneous disaster can only be a global climate disaster, that is, the Little Ice Age that occurred between 4300 and 4100 years ago. The Ice Age caused global climate cooling and dryness, drying up of rivers and lakes, and desertification of land. , these harsh natural environments are a fatal blow to farming peoples and nomadic peoples. Therefore, farming peoples have a strong motivation to move south to escape and make a living!
The farming and nomadic peoples located in the Central Plains region must first migrate to the Jianghuai, Jianghan, and areas south of the Yangtze River. Because the population was sparse at that time, these areas could accommodate them, and serious ethnic groups still had close clan and cultural relations at that time. , so the southern peoples still have a good affinity with the northern peoples.
Before the arrival of this Little Ice Age, the farming and nomadic peoples who lived in the Qinchuan Basin, northern Shaanxi, Mongolian grasslands, Hexi Corridor and other areas could only cross the Qinling Mountains and Songpan Plateau and enter the Sichuan Basin to seek refuge and make a living.
The Sichuan Basin is surrounded by tall mountains and rivers, making it a fairly closed and independent region. The matrilineal clan society in ancient times was a self-sufficient, small and closed society with tribes and families as the basic units. The entire society lacked material reserves and lacked the functions and capabilities to expand production and social services. Therefore, the population who fled into the Sichuan Basin The more people there are, the more intense the conflicts between locals and immigrants will be, eventually leading to wars and disasters.
The discovery of the Sanxingdui Cultural Site has revealed to us a tragic ethnic conflict caused by this ethnic migration!
Sanxingdui Ancient Ruins: About 5,000 to 3,000 years ago, it is located on the south bank of the Duck River in the northwest of Guanghan City, Sichuan Province. It covers an area of 12 square kilometers. It is the largest, longest-lasting and culturally rich site discovered in the southwest so far. The richest collection of ancient cities, ancient countries, and ancient Shu cultural sites. There are currently the most complete preserved east, west, and south city walls and the inner city wall of Moon Bay.
The unearthed cultural relics are precious human cultural heritage. Among the cultural relic groups in China, they are one of the most valuable in history, science, culture, art and ornamental value. Among these secret treasures of ancient Shu, there are a 2.62-meter-tall bronze tall man, a 1.38-meter-wide bronze mask, and a 3.95-meter-tall bronze sacred tree, all of which are unique and unparalleled. The gold wares represented by the golden staff and the jade wares represented by the fully decorated Bian Zhang are also rare treasures that have never been seen before.
The golden staff, the five-spoke cast wheel (the sun totem), the scarab (the incarnation of the soul of the sun god in the human world) and other ancient human cultural features that are completely similar to those of Sumer and ancient Egypt have been found at this site, which shows that ancient Vietnam Culture and ancient Shu culture are in the same lineage as Sumer and ancient Egypt. They both belong to 45,000 to 35,000 years ago. The ancient Thai-Vietnamese culture was formed in Southeast Asia and southwest China. This area was the last ice age of the earth. It is the only cultural and civilization center of mankind and the starting point of the great land migration of mankind!
If it were just general archaeological discoveries, we would certainly not think of a tragic ethnic conflict that occurred in the ancient Shu Kingdom during the Little Ice Age between 4300 and 4100 years ago. Since the cultural relics discovered at the Sanxingdui site were all found in several large-scale sacrificial pits, and most of these cultural relics were smashed into pieces, and these relics were selected and buried in several different sacrificial pits, From the perspective of forensic science, this is a major and planned case of destruction of cultural relics. That’s why we think of the ancient Shu Kingdom being destroyed in a tragic war. This war was a war between the local national forces of the ancient Shu Kingdom and the national forces migrating from the north to the south. In the end, the ancient Shu Kingdom’s forces were wiped out, which symbolized the theocracy of the ancient Shu Kingdom. The temples and ancestral temples of the king and king were destroyed by the people who migrated from the north to the south. This is the true historical background of the Sanxingdui Cultural Site.
The cultural relics at the Sanxingdui Cultural Site were seriously damaged and were buried mixed by humans. Therefore, it took archaeologists and cultural relic restorers decades to gradually splice and restore the fragments of these cultural relics into shape, allowing the world to see the original appearance of these cultural relics. face. According to the analysis of these cultural relics by archaeologists and anthropologists, these cultural relics are ritual vessels symbolizing the divine power and royal power of the ancient Shu Kingdom, rather than general palace daily necessities. What cultural message do these selective, large-scale destruction of cultural relics send us? Why did such a powerful ancient Shu kingdom fail at the hands of a group of northern refugees?
We believe that due to the Little Ice Age between 4300 and 4100 years ago, the farming people and nomadic peoples living in northern China at that time were forced to move into the Sichuan Basin for refuge. There is less migration. Since the Huaxia, Di, Qiang and other agricultural and pastoral groups north of the Qinling Mountains have close blood, economic and cultural ties with the Bashu people, the dynasties and local governments in the Bashu region have a friendly and accepting attitude towards the northern refugees. However, as the disasters caused by the Little Ice Age intensified, a large number of northern farmers and herdsmen poured into the Sichuan Basin. As a result, the population of the Sichuan Basin suddenly increased, and there was a serious shortage of materials, land and other resources. In order to survive and develop, the original The contradictions and conflicts between the residents and the immigrants became increasingly serious, and eventually evolved into an ethnic war in Sichuan. According to historical records, this war also affected Hubei, Hunan, and the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau.
As aborigines who have lived a long-term settled life, the ancient Shu people have a strong sense of cultural superiority and are rich in management and wisdom in the struggle between people. The northern peoples have a bold, sturdy and brave character, so the collision between the ancient Shu people and the immigrants is a collision of ice and fire. The northern peoples will definitely not be able to outdo the ancient Shu people in secret fights or peaceful struggles, but they can fight with open swords and guns. The northern peoples who fought fiercely and bravely could certainly easily defeat the ancient Shu people.
In this war that took place in Sichuan to obtain survival resources, the northern people finally defeated the ancient Shu people and bloodbathed the ancient Shu king city, Sanxingdui Civilization. The victors destroyed all the ritual vessels symbolizing the divine and royal power of the ancient Shu country. The victors wanted to tell the ancient Shu people through their actions that as long as you give up your gods and kings, you will be safe and sound, and everyone will be one family.
In order to see more details and truth about the destruction of Sanxingdui civilization. Let’s first analyze the social form of ancient Shu. At that time, the ancient Shu Kingdom was still in a matrilineal clan society. The matrilineal clan country adopted the "emperor-provisional combination" governance method, that is, the supreme ruler of the country and tribe was a female monarch, the "emperor", who was in charge of the divine power of the country and tribe, and the "emperor" "The external identity is the actual controller of theocratic power such as the great shaman, high priest and archbishop. The emperor and the imperial priesthood are responsible for electing and appointing the actual rulers of the country and tribes - "Pi". "Pi" is equivalent to the general inspector, chief executive officer, chief steward, king, etc. of the country and tribe. Pi is usually the eldest daughter of the emperor, and sometimes it may be the eldest son of the emperor.
After "Pi" is appointed by the "Emperor", he is not affected by the imperial power and can independently establish the harem, court, yamen and army controlled by Pi. The final result of the development of this system will inevitably lead to the increasing power of "pi", while the power of "emperor" will become increasingly symbolic, and the throne of the emperor will be completely eclipsed by the actual rulers of the country and tribes. In order to change the situation of "unification of power and dominance", the imperial theocracy began to break the rule that only women could serve as emperors and began to appoint men from direct aristocratic families as emperors. However, the appointment of men as emperors only made "power and dominance" more severe. In the end, It evolved into a hereditary throne or a successor directly designated by Pi. "Pi" no longer needed to be appointed by the "emperor". The ancient Shu Kingdom is a country with a history of tens of thousands of years. At this time, the ancient Shu Kingdom should have developed into the historical stage of "developing strong emperors and weak ones".
Due to the separation, contradictions, conflicts and corruption between the theocratic and royal powers of the ancient Shu Kingdom's ruling class, it provided opportunities for the northern peoples who moved into the Sichuan area to defeat the local forces of the ancient Shu Kingdom and eventually overthrow the ancient Shu Kingdom.
Perhaps the people who immigrated from the north received guidance from local experts in Bashu. These experts suggested that the northern and southern migrating groups should appease the ancient Shu theocratic group represented by the "emperor" who no longer had real power, and gain recognition and acceptance from the theocratic group. In this way, the northern and southern groups would If the relocation group can obtain canonization and support from the theocratic group, it can provide legal basis and spiritual support for the north-south relocation group to defeat the actual controller of the ancient Shu Kingdom, the imperial court and the army. Under the double blow of the cultural offensive and military attack of the north-south migration group, the kingship group of the ancient Shu Kingdom was first eliminated, and then the theocratic group of the ancient Shu Kingdom was also destroyed. Such an ancient Shu Kingdom that once carried countless dreams and hopes of mankind and Its civilization disappeared from human historical memory.
No matter how massive and extremely brutal the war was, there would definitely be resistance from all forces in the ancient Shu Kingdom. Therefore, the struggle between the victors and the losers evolved into a long-term war of attrition. When the Little Ice Age ended and the earth's climate warmed up, some The northern immigrants and their allies returned to their homeland in the north, and the immigrants who stayed behind gradually integrated with the locals. The ancient Shu Kingdom and its culture were gradually forgotten by people, and then new nations and new countries blossomed all over China.
Why are the sacrificial pits in Sanxingdui full of smashed ritual vessels? Because people who want to destroy the ancient Shu Kingdom know that to completely destroy the ancient Shu Kingdom, in addition to eradicating the ruling class and army of the ancient Shu Kingdom, they must also eliminate the beliefs and cultural memories of the ancient Shu people. Only in this way can the ancient Shu Kingdom not resurgence, Make a comeback. Therefore, after painstaking planning and preparation, the victors collected all the ritual vessels, cultural relics and documents that symbolized the clan beliefs, religious authority, state power, sacrifices to ghosts and gods, etc. of the ancient Shu Kingdom. Carry out centralized destruction and burial. At that time, the written classics of the ancient Shu Kingdom were mainly recorded on bamboo slips and wooden slips. Therefore, all the written classics related to the ancient Shu Kingdom were burned. This is why archaeologists found no written classics in Sanxingdui. Smash and destroy them all! However, neutral sacrificial items such as tripods and plates, as well as daily necessities of the royal family and nobles such as chimes, zuns and jues, as well as ordinary ancient cultural classics, were all taken for themselves by the victors and all were collected.
It is precisely because of the victor's actions that future generations can no longer understand the ancient Shu Kingdom and its bloody and confusing history. The makers of those events have only been left to future generations. Those inexplicable myths and stories, as well as unreasonable and fragmented documents and classics. The makers of the Sanxingdui historical event have cast a heavy cover on Chinese history. We will explain it step by step for everyone in the following. Lift off this cover. From then on, Chinese literati had a set of artificially designed historical views and values. They pursued an aristocratic lifestyle without divine authority, and pursued "excellence in learning leads to officialdom, and officialdom leads to fame and fortune." Following the imperial court, Enter the court and become an official, and gain a career in life with fame and fortune.
Shortly after the Sanxingdui historical incident broke out, the Chinese nation began to raise its flag and claim that all ethnic groups would return to China, and identified the Qinchuan area as the origin of the Chinese nation. Huangdi was the first emperor of the Chinese Empire.
At the same time, the Huaxia people launched a systematic set of myths, cultural classics and ethnic customs centered on the Huaxia people at this stage, and then the Huaxia people extended this cultural system to Sichuan, the Yangtze River Basin and the Yellow River Basin. , let it penetrate people's hearts.
This revolutionary action and cultural change of the Chinese ancestors had a profound impact on the history and civilization of the East Asian continent in two aspects. First, it completely shook the foundation of the matrilineal clan social system and laid the ideological foundation for the gradual transition of all ethnic groups in East Asia into a patrilineal clan society. From then on, all ethnic groups in East Asia began to deny the matrilineal clan social governance system of "females are superior to men" and opposed the female kingship. "Men are superior to women." , establishing patrilineal families and tribes has gradually become a trend in East Asian society; secondly, various ethnic groups in East Asia have begun to completely deny the theocracy of the ancient Shu people, which is a unique shamanistic way, and only retain the chastity religion such as funerals, ancestor worship, and heaven and earth sacrifices (according to language Experts have verified that "Zhenze"
"Commonly found in oracle bone inscriptions on divination and sacrifice, Zhenze
Equivalent to the primitive religion of Southeast Asia and the ancient Yue people, gim. Religious experts believe that gim is the basic religion of Shamanism, Shamanism, Buddhism, and Hinduism. Buddhism was originally called bogim, and Hinduism was originally called gim. Therefore, starting from the establishment of the clan, The Chinese nation strictly believes in the concept of souls and ghosts and gods, and does not have systematic and complicated worshiping and sacrificial activities. They tend to be atheists.
At the same time as the Huaxia people, the Qiang people also raised their national flag. They should be a mixed ethnic group who took refuge from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to the Sichuan Basin, or they were originally a tribe of the ancient Shu people living at the eastern foot of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. In the war against the ancient Shu king's city, Sanxingdui, they cooperated with the Chinese people inside and outside, and in one fell swoop eradicated the ancient Shu king and aristocratic group that had been exploiting and oppressing them. After winning, they shared the spoils they deserved and returned to the Tibetan Plateau, where they lived for a long time.
The Huaxia people also raised the national flag at the same time as the Di people. In the ancient Yue language, "Di di" has three meanings: good, farming, and direct lineage. The Di people named themselves this way at this time, which should mean that they are the direct descendants of the ancient Shu king. Moreover, they are stationed at the Hechi Fortress on the Songpan Plateau, which is the only way for the Hexi Corridor to enter the Sichuan region and is also the source of the Jialing River. The Di people should be the direct descendants of the ancient Shu royal family, that is, the Guyue people. Since their royal clan has been wiped out by strongmen, the Di people can only preserve their strength and ancient Yue culture and customs to thrive on the Songpan Plateau, and spread to the Hexi Corridor, Xinjiang and Central Asia. development in other areas.
The dusty history after the fall of the ancient Shu Kingdom is gradually connected with the history of China's Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties. Maybe the Huaxia people are the main operators of the historical events in Sanxingdui, because only the Huaxia people claim to be the ancestors and authentic rulers of all Chinese ethnic groups; maybe the Qiang, Di and other ethnic groups participated in and watched this historical event, and maybe the above analysis and reasoning The result is still not the whole historical truth.
No matter what the historical incident in Sanxingdui is, it is a great tragedy for human civilization. The soil that gave birth to human civilization is always full of ignorance, barbarism, cruelty and mistakes. In that dark age when selfishness, barbarism, insidiousness and cruelty were prevalent, how could we expect the ancients to do noble and civilized things? Fortunately, today we have seen some of the truth of those years and understood a truth. Any civilization and progress of human beings are the result of the baptism of blood and fire. All human gains are hard-won. We should cherish the present moment and do more. Do some benevolent things and do more things to increase human welfare.
In fact, the historical development trajectories of ethnic groups around the world are similar. Mainstream and powerful ethnic groups have always used their voices, stories, culture, religion, laws and wars to influence, assimilate and conquer the surrounding non-mainstream and disadvantaged ethnic groups. In the end, to form larger nations and states. However, these new nations and countries all have the characteristics of the nouveau riche. Their culture relies on bragging, and their control relies on beheading. On the surface, the country is peaceful and peaceful, but internally it is full of contradictions, fragmented and scattered.
In the future, we will continue to explore the formation of the Huaxia tribe and the process of the Huaxia tribe developing Chinese civilization on the East Asian continent.
