During the period from 75,000 to 45,000 years ago (that is, from the super volcanic eruption of Java Island to the beginning of warming during the last glacial age), after humans experienced the most violent natural disasters of the last glacial age, human subjects began to live in the New World during the glacial period in Southeast Asia. More than 30,000 years.
Due to the warming and rising sea levels during the last ice age, human beings were forced to leave coastal areas and low-altitude areas where they originally lived and migrate to warmer high-altitude areas, thus developing new human settlements and agricultural and pastoral areas around the world. This understanding is only a schematic and simple description of the living conditions of human beings in the middle and late stages of the last glacial period. If we fully understand the real situation of human beings during this period, we must learn more about the survival and development of human beings at this stage based on more historical data and research. information and grasp the basic conditions of human society at that time. Only in this way can we grasp the basic trajectory and appearance of human survival and civilization development more specifically and comprehensively!
According to numerous archaeological evidences, before the emergence of human civilization, there once existed a higher super-intelligent civilization that was far superior to human civilization, namely the super-sapient civilization. Civilization sites created by super-sapient humans can be found all over the world. In Asia, there are Borobudur in Java, Indonesia, Angkor Wat in Cambodia, and cut boulders in the southern part of Taima Oasis in Saudi Arabia; in the Mediterranean, there are the Egyptian Pyramids, Mabalbek Sun Temple, The Pyramids of Sarajevo in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the Balkans; the Easter Island megalithic statues in Oceania; the giant paintings of the Peruvian Andes in the Americas, Pumapungu and Tiahuanaco megalithic architectural sites in the Antis Mountains of La Paz in Bolivia, Costa Rica Giant stone balls, the Pyramid of Dotihahan in Mexico (the Mayan Pyramid), etc. These historical relics all express to us an unmistakable truth: super-intelligent people have extraordinary knowledge, wisdom and creativity. They are proficient in all knowledge and natural laws of the material world. They are proficient in mathematics, physics, chemistry and biology. , materials science, energy science, kinematics, structure science, engineering, automation, intelligence, soul science and other super science and technology. They can create everything in the material world and the spiritual world, and can create everything in the material world and the spiritual world. They can come and go freely, and at the same time, super-intelligent humans have mastered the laws and techniques of immortality in the material life system and soul system.
Scientists have conducted many scientific measurements and analyzes on the construction dates of the above-mentioned supersapien historical relics. They believe that these historical relics were basically built between 45,000 and 35,000 years ago. Perhaps at this stage, due to the warming of the earth, the glaciers melted. Rising sea levels caused the supersapients' bases and cities located in coastal or low-altitude areas during the last glacial period such as the Pacific and Indian Oceans to be submerged or at risk of being submerged. Therefore, the supersapiens moved their bases and cities to places they considered to be absolutely Safe high-altitude areas. Because supersapient humans had extraordinary abilities to fly, carry, and build, the bases and cities they built during this period were spread all over the world.
After 35,000 years ago, the historical relics of supersapiens have basically disappeared from the earth. This shows that after 35,000 years ago, supersapiens began to leave the earth. They may go to some planet in the universe. Go to the spiritual world unknown to humans.
As for why supersapient humans left the earth? From a scientific point of view, we still cannot answer accurately, so the current answer to this question is all speculation. Maybe the supersapients have completed their work on the earth and they were transferred to other work places by the headquarters; maybe the supersapiens think that the earth is no longer suitable for their work. and life, they were forced to move away from the earth; perhaps the supersapients left the earth only because they were threatened by supersapiens from a higher civilization. Anyway everything is possible!
Because early humans once received help and protection from super-sapient humans, humans have reverence, love and gratitude for super-sapient humans. The departure of super-sapient humans makes humans feel sudden, regretful and lost. Therefore, they are included in ancient ethnic religious sacrifices. There are customs of offering sacrifices to heaven and praying for the gods to come back and bless them. Their myths and stories record the creation of human beings by gods, as well as the various deeds of super-sapient people imparting knowledge on fertility, food, manufacturing, agriculture, and breeding to humans. , and the extraordinary and shocking deeds of gods frequently appear in ancient mythological stories.
According to archaeological evidence, 30,000 years ago, supersapiens basically disappeared from the earth. Because humans lost the support and help of supersapiens, humans entered a stage of completely independent development. During this stage, humans entered the era of great migrations to high-altitude areas around the world. In order to more conveniently obtain stable and abundant food, migratory humans developed agriculture, breeding, and animal husbandry in new settlement areas.
Southwest China, Indochina and other regions in southeastern Asia are the earliest and only human settlement areas and the earliest societies established by humans to engage in agriculture, breeding and animal husbandry.
At present, we are unable to determine how much knowledge and wisdom of supersapiens humans have inherited, but we know that the great migration of humans in the middle and late stages of the last glacial period started from the New World of Southeast Asia during the Ice Age. The New World of Southeast Asia during the Ice Age included southern China, China South China Sea, Indochina Peninsula, Southeast Asian Islands and other regions. The destinations of this human migration are places suitable for human life and economic development in Eurasia, North and South America, Africa and other regions. The migration routes include sea routes and land routes (in the following chapters we will detail these two migrations. route details).
30,000 years ago, the earth has been warming for 15,000 years. This period has both disadvantages and advantages for human migration. Scientists speculate that in many areas of Eurasia, deserts, rivers, lakes and swamps have been formed due to the continuous fusion of glaciers. At this stage, the geological conditions of the earth's surface are very unstable. This uncertain geological condition has brought great difficulties to human migration and settlement. It poses very big challenges and threats; after 15,000 years of natural environmental restoration on the earth's surface, deserts and swamps formed in the early stages of the warming period have become paradises for forests, grasslands and other animals and plants, and rivers and lakes formed in the early stages have stabilized. Rivers and lakes have been fixed, and these areas with rich aquatic plants and stable geology will become the targets of human migration.
However, 30,000 years ago, humans did not understand and grasp the geological conditions and climate conditions of the entire earth's surface. Therefore, the Great Migration was a high-risk, highly complex systematic project. If humans did not have sufficient astronomical and geographical knowledge; There are insufficient wilderness survival skills; there are no necessary transportation routes and means of transportation; there is no prediction and adequate preparation for migration risks before migration; there is not enough food, housing and safety for humans during migration; in settlements and colonies, new immigrants Without the rapid development of living and production capabilities, it would be impossible for humans to complete this great migration.
When the comprehensive Great Migration began, the ancient Asian Homo sapiens who played the leading role in the Great Migration, namely the yellow race, were in the early stages of forming their ideology and primitive values. The living conditions of most of the ancient Homo sapiens still retained very In their primitive state, they relied on natural production methods such as collecting wild fruits and plants to satisfy their hunger, catching fish in streams and rivers, etc.
Anthropologists believe that the more difficult the living environment, the more it can stimulate human fighting spirit, wisdom, and creativity. Anthropologists believe that the harsh environment, fearless courage, and exquisite wisdom are the three major factors that enhance the height of human civilization.
People who lived in the northern part of the southeastern New World during the last glacial period (southern China, the South China Sea, Indochina Peninsula and other areas, which are now China’s Lingnan region, China’s Yunnan, Vietnam, Laos, Thailand, and Myanmar, the people in our area are the Indochina Yellow race) and other resources Human beings in this area have a much harder time obtaining food than in the product-rich south (i.e., Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines during the last glacial period). Therefore, in order to obtain food, the yellow people in Central and South China could only invent high-end hunting methods and tools such as traps, stone throwing, javelins, stone knives, and bows and arrows. Of course, they also used these force methods and tools to deal with the humans who invaded them. In rivers, lakes and seas, they mastered fishing techniques and skills such as bare-handed fishing, spearfishing, and net fishing.
During the cold Last Ice Age, it was very difficult for human beings to reproduce naturally, the population was very low, and many areas were uninhabited areas. Therefore, the natural enemies that threatened human survival during the Last Ice Age were mainly ferocious birds and beasts. As long as humans could avoid these terrible beasts, , humans can obtain sufficient food through gathering, hunting and fishing.
However, as the population in human settlement areas increases, it becomes increasingly difficult for humans to obtain food through natural means. Therefore, hunger and malnutrition have become serious social problems and disasters. Therefore, humans who have experienced serious social problems and disasters and mastered plant knowledge and planting techniques began to grow crops such as food, vegetables, and fruits. This is how the earliest human agriculture developed; at the same time, those who mastered animal knowledge and Humans who mastered animal breeding and domestication technologies began to develop breeding and animal husbandry, and thus the earliest human breeding and animal husbandry were born.
Early humans recognized the pain and impermanence of life very early. In order to eliminate pain and depression and gain inner peace and happiness, humans must develop ideas, religion and social management. Population and food issues are major issues in human society. In order to reduce the internal struggle and consumption of human beings and reduce the pressure of population on the economy, tribal elders and leaders will relocate some tribesmen outside the tribal base areas, to undeveloped areas or no-man's land; Since some people migrated out, there was still a situation and risk of population growth within the tribe. Therefore, smart tribal leaders and thinkers began to propose and implement various population control measures, such as abandoning infants and the elderly, sacrificial burial system, and use of birth control for adults. Management (separation of men and women, castration, etc.), these methods of social management later gradually evolved into human religious rituals, such as circumcision, human sacrifice, burial, purification, asceticism, martyrdom and other noble religious behaviors. Anthropologists believe that before the Great Migration, humans had already developed and possessed the above-mentioned ideas, religions and social management methods.
In the early stages of the development of early human agriculture, humans were the first to master agronomic technologies such as seeds, seed selection, seedling raising, cultivation, maintenance, harvesting, separation, drying, primary processing and storage, ensuring the stability of agricultural harvests under unchanged climate conditions. Basically stable.
During the migration process, humans often come into contact with new lands. For agriculture, the soil quality and fertility of each piece of land are different. Therefore, after the land is cultivated for a period of time, the harvest of the land will gradually decrease, and eventually there will be an extreme situation of no harvest.
With this agricultural knowledge, continuous reclamation of new land has become the norm for farmers to grow crops, that is, wandering farming. Since reclaiming land requires heavy physical labor such as weeding and felling trees, smart people have invented efficient land reclamation methods such as "setting fire to wasteland". From then on, "slash and burn" became synonymous with nomad agriculture and primitive agriculture.
Smart farmers discovered that tidal flats that are often flooded and nourished by rivers, as well as swamps, black soil and other lands with deposits of plant debris and willows, can maintain crops with stable yields for a long time. With this understanding, people began to understand fertilizers. , and gradually mastered the technology of fertilizer manufacturing and fertilization. From then on, the farming people avoided the tediousness and rush of the "slash-and-burn" nomadic production method, and lived a stable settled life. The settled lifestyle promoted the development of human society and formed the human The early social form, the formation and development of society laid the foundation for the prosperity and development of human civilization.
At the same time, settled life also promotes the development of breeding and animal husbandry. Due to the increase in population, a part of the population specializes in breeding and animal husbandry. Engaging in seed selection, domestication, breeding, captivity, stocking, trade, etc. has become professional skills in animal husbandry. The prosperity of breeding and animal husbandry has enriched human food, provided sufficient protein for human health, and improved human physical fitness and athletic ability. Before the Great Migration of humans, migratory humans had already mastered the above-mentioned technologies and skills in agriculture, breeding, and animal husbandry.
Since migratory humans have production technologies and skills in agriculture, breeding, and animal husbandry, after the completion of the Great Migration, humans relied on large rivers, large rivers, and large lakes and other areas with abundant water resources and convenient irrigation around the world to convert rivers, tidal flats, and rivers in these areas. Forests, grasslands, swamps, wastelands, etc. were developed into the earliest agricultural, nomadic and settled areas of mankind.
Before there was a professional division of labor in agriculture, breeding, and animal husbandry, breeding and animal husbandry existed dependent on agriculture. Farmers were mainly engaged in agriculture, while also raising livestock and poultry in captivity.
After the complete separation of agriculture, breeding and animal husbandry, the people in the settled society are mainly composed of the social ruling class, farming people (who also engage in breeding) and businessmen. The settled residents mainly live in villages and cities. Nomads stay far away from villages and cities. They live a wandering herding life. Nomads only enter villages and cities when they want to trade livestock and buy daily necessities.
In order to obtain land resources, contradictions and conflicts between farming people and nomadic peoples are always inevitable. In order to protect farmland, water sources and territory, farming peoples began to build border fences and walls, and set up checkpoints at traffic fortresses to inspect pedestrians and goods to prevent nomads. Unlawful entry. Such local control will inevitably arouse resentment and anger among non-settlement residents such as nomadic peoples. Since language exchange and negotiation cannot solve problems, wars between farming peoples and non-settlement residents such as nomadic peoples often break out.
Of course, the conflict between farming peoples and fishing and hunting peoples and nomadic peoples is not only due to the problem of farmers’ land enclosure. Due to the rapid growth of the population in settled societies, in order to solve the social food ration problem, farmers must continue to cut down deep forests, set fire to wasteland, and cultivate new cultivated land outside their own territories. This territorial expansion will inevitably encroach on the pastures and forests of nomadic and hunting peoples, and Many production and living resources. In ancient times, mountain fires and wildfires were the natural phenomena that humans and animals feared the most. Therefore, in addition to farming peoples and settled residents, nomadic peoples, hunting peoples and other peoples living in the wild were very afraid and reverent of fire. Therefore, they had a strong fear of fire. The farming peoples hated the use of fire. The expansion of the farming peoples aroused strong resistance from the nomadic peoples, and the hatred between the peoples was buried!
Of course, in the environment of industrial competition and cruel wars, many gathering, hunting and nomadic peoples gradually integrated into powerful farming peoples and farming societies. As for the nomadic people who insist on nomadic production and lifestyle, they can only migrate to uninhabited areas at high latitudes that are not suitable for agricultural production and are relatively cold. These uninhabited areas have vast forests and grasslands, where nomads can enjoy the freedom and enjoyment of life! However, the warm southern pastures are still the place where nomads graze and live in winter. The southern region is the living area and territory of farming peoples. It is also the hometown and winter grazing place of northern nomadic peoples. Therefore, after the separation of farming peoples and nomadic peoples, , the war between them never stops!
During the Great Migration, there were relatively few interactions between the Sea Peoples and agricultural peoples and nomadic peoples, so we will not specifically discuss the interactions between the Sea Peoples and other peoples in this chapter.
The original condition of human beings is no different from that of ordinary animals. For a long time, humans had no concept of family or had very loose family relationships. Early families were all single-parent families with mothers as the head. In the age of collecting, human beings were in a natural state of nature. After the baby passed the lactation and feeding periods, the child would learn to look for food like the mother, and at the same time learn how to avoid external dangers. When the child matured, he would leave the mother to Forage and live independently in the wild. In order to leave more food resources for their mother, boys generally follow the male elders of their clan to forage far away from their homeland; while girls with weak constitutions are usually left with their mothers to forage near their homeland. Therefore, the matrilineal tribe is naturally divided into male and female tribes, and the male tribe's village and the female tribe's village maintain a distance of one or two days' travel. Due to family ties and the need to reproduce offspring, the men and women of the clan still maintain close exchanges and economic ties. This most primitive way of life is the basis for the formation and development of matrilineal society.
Matriarchal society is characterized by the worship of women and women's rights. Female elders have the right to speak, judge, manage and rule. Only women have the right to inherit property and power such as family and clan. Men are only female helpers and subordinates. On the contrary, it is a patriarchal society.
Production methods such as hunting and herding not only require high intelligence and courage, but also consume a lot of physical strength, endurance and courage. They are very difficult and dangerous jobs, so hunting and herding are often the preserve of men. Both hunting and herding can obtain rich animal protein. Due to long-term meat consumption, the physiques of hunting people and nomadic peoples are stronger than those of farming peoples, and their culture is also more bloody and sturdy than that of farming peoples. At the same time, the societies of hunting peoples and nomadic peoples worship the strong and men, and they are the main force in establishing patriarchal society.
As men's social status improved, they began to attract and compete for women and their own groups, forming the earliest male-dominated families and clans. The patriarchal society was founded by hunting peoples.
In an era when shipbuilding and navigation technology were backward, human fishing activities were limited to rivers and lakes. At this time, fishing had not yet become an independent industry. Fishing was a common sideline for all ethnic groups. Only after humans mastered superb shipbuilding and navigation technology and gained the ability to completely conquer the oceans and large rivers and lakes did the maritime peoples separate from the farming peoples. From then on, the maritime peoples separated from the settled areas and relied on the ocean, rivers, lakes and other natural resources to develop independently. Thus formed human marine civilization.
In the process of the great migration of mankind, human industries and national patterns gradually formed. In the process of ethnic interaction during the migration process, since the maritime peoples need to rely on mainland estuaries with fresh water resources, and at the same time they need agricultural peoples to provide them with food and other food, there is a natural complementarity and affinity between the maritime peoples and the agricultural peoples. In a society with an integrated maritime and agricultural economy, going to sea and fishing is a matter for men. Their bases and homes in the estuaries of the mainland are managed and maintained by family women. Therefore, the families and clans of the maritime peoples are dominated by women, and their society Belongs to a matriarchal society.
Since nomadic peoples often live far away from the ocean and large rivers and lakes, there are few interactions between maritime peoples and nomadic peoples, so there are few contradictions and conflicts between them.
The Great Migration of mankind occurred between 45,000 and 15,000 years ago. The process went through 30,000 years of great migration and great ethnic integration. Humanity developed four major economies, including fishery, agriculture, aquaculture and animal husbandry, which have the significance of modern civilization. Industry has basically completed the large-scale division of labor in the human production sector. The deepening and systematic development of specialization in the four major industries has prompted humans to master professional knowledge and vocational skills. Therefore, industrial division of labor has led to the differentiation of the population and created new social barriers. Contradictions and conflicts. Therefore, in order to reduce social contradictions and conflicts, ethnic groups that adhere to primitive production methods such as gathering, fishing, and hunting can only stay away from mainstream human society areas and migrate to remote mountainous and hilly areas where natural resources are relatively scarce.
11,000 years ago, the Great Migration of mankind during the last Ice Age basically ended, and the global distribution pattern of mankind was basically formed. This laid the foundation for the development of human society and civilization. From this foundation, human society and civilization gradually developed to what it is today.
