At noon, just after twelve o'clock, Wen Renlong threw away the whiteboard pen in his hand, tapped on the writing board, and announced the end of the one-hour class. "Okay, let's stop here for today. It's time to eat, so we can't delay it."
“If you don’t understand the content, go back and read the book. If you don’t understand the content after reading the book, ask me again during the next question time.”
After speaking, he turned around gracefully and said, "Leave the conference room.
This is a small talk given to colleagues by the AL Pharmaceutical Laboratory. It mainly explains some theoretical knowledge of the combination of machine learning and chemical pharmaceuticals, and at the same time answers questions and answers. There are two classes a week, one hour each time.
The conference room was bustling with dozens of people, all colleagues coming to class.
They all stared at the writing board with a sad face, looking at the dense content on it, and couldn't help but wailed.
"Fuck, why don't I understand anything?
"Oh my god, this is a heavenly book, isn't it?"
"Where am I? What am I doing? What have I heard?'
"It's normal that you can't understand. The boss always speaks very quickly. Fortunately, I brought a recorder." A fat man wearing glasses opened his mobile phone, clicked a few times, and took a picture of everything on the writing board.
"Damn it, brother is awesome. Can you send me a copy of the recording later?'
"No problem, I will put it on the server of the al laboratory. Which laboratory are you from?'
"I am a new postdoctoral fellow. I have just completed training and plan to join the AI laboratory. Why don't I come to attend the lecture first?"
"Then you are amazing. You dared to take the boss's class when you first came here. Which school do you have a doctorate from?"
"Don't dare, don't dare, I'm a Ph.D. in chemistry from Beijing University." The postdoc waved his hands modestly, but couldn't help but raise his head and chest.
"Haha," the fat man smiled and glanced at him sympathetically: "Brother, it's not me who says that no matter what school you have a Ph.D. from, even if it's Harvard, MIT, or Stanford, if you listen to the boss's class, you can keep up with his ideas. Not many.'
The postdoc from Peking University looked at the content on the writing board, was silent for a moment, picked up his phone, and took a photo.
"Thank you, brother, let's go have dinner together.'
"Machine learning is indeed quite difficult. Although my self-study ability is okay, I still struggled with the lectures given by the director. I didn't understand many of the contents. Brother, are you an old employee? Do you have any experience you can share?"
The fat man nodded with understanding: "To be honest, I can only understand half of it. Sometimes I have to go back and read by myself. By the way, what books do you usually read?"
The postdoc from Peking University handed over a thick book with the words "Principles of Machine Learning" written on the cover.
The fat man glanced at the title of the book but didn't even take it. He shook his head and said, "There is something wrong with the book you are reading. The author of this book is not that high-level and does not highlight the key points. No wonder it is difficult for you to understand.
The postdoctoral fellow at Peking University was stunned: "Ah? No way? But this book is a textbook for our Computer Science Department at Peking University."
The fat man took out a book from his bag. The cover was all in English and handed it over: "Look at this book. This is written by my tutor. Although it is all in English, it is still relatively simple and understandable. After reading it, you will understand A deeper understanding of some basic theories
The postdoctoral fellow from Peking University took it with a shocked look on his face, turned over a few pages curiously, and said at a loss for words: "Brother, this, this, thank you, which school did you graduate from?"
The fat man adjusted his glasses and said calmly: "I am a PhD student at Stanford, and I am the boss's junior fellow student. However, I was relatively mediocre at the time and worked with ordinary tutors. The boss's tutor was really awesome, Professor Stone, the winner of the Turing Award. I also applied that year, but was rejected. Professor Stone didn’t like me. Not only did he not like me, but in the entire Stanford, Professor Stone only accepted one student from the eldest brother in several years.”
He said with a sad face: "Well, this is one of the biggest regrets in my life. Sure enough, I am just an ordinary ordinary person. Compared with a genius like the boss, there is still a big gap. Now I can only Sitting here listening to the boss's lecture, I can't keep up with his thinking."
The postdoctoral fellow from Peking University was stunned and speechless for a long time. All he could think of was a herd of horses galloping past.
After a while, he held back a sentence: "The director is worthy of being a director. I will definitely study this book when I go back." Yun Danfeng waved her hand gently: "Hey, it's normal. I have known the boss for so many years. I have long been accustomed to this kind of life of being beaten. If you stay here, you will get used to it soon. "Okay, let's have dinner together.'
The two of them came back from dinner quickly and returned to their desks.
The postdoctoral fellow was burping and did not dare to relax for a moment. He took the English book and began to study hard.
He secretly vowed to finish reading it as soon as possible so that he could understand Wen Renlong's lecture as soon as possible.
Fatty turned on the computer and checked the progress of the project.
After looking at it for a while, he frowned, and his face became more and more frustrated the more he looked at it.
This is a new drug research and development project on coagulation factor antagonists, inspired by the super hemostatic agent released last year.
Sanqing's super hemostatic agent is a powerful drug molecule that not only promotes the contraction of damaged capillary ends, but also strongly stimulates thrombin in human blood, thereby achieving a 3-second hemostasis effect.
Not long after the hemostatic agent came out, Fatty discovered through in-depth research that the reason why this drug molecule has such a strong effect on thrombin is because it targets the active site of a coagulation factor, thus stimulating the activity of the coagulation factor. .
So, after Fatty started his reverse thinking, he quickly came up with a new idea.
If an antagonist for the coagulation factor receptor is developed based on this hemostatic drug molecule, wouldn't it be able to achieve the opposite effect, inactivating the coagulation factor, thus inhibiting the activity of thrombin, and achieving the effect of anticoagulant drugs? Effect.
There is a receptor theory in pharmacology, which means that the reason why a drug produces an effect is because it grabs the corresponding receptor, just like a key opening a lock. Only the drug or related compounds can open the lock. lock, activating this receptor.
Many drugs have been successfully developed based on this theory. The most famous receptor is the opioid receptor. Addictive drugs such as morphine act on the opioid receptor to produce strong effects.
The receptor theory makes it easy for people to think that if a similar chemical molecule is used to occupy all the receptors, wouldn't it be able to prevent the receptor from functioning?
Just like putting a piece of plasticine of a similar shape into a keyhole, it will block the lock, preventing the real key from being inserted and having no effect.
This similarly shaped piece of plasticine is the antagonist.
Chemical molecules are three-dimensional, which results in some subtle changes in structure that can turn a drug into an antagonist, or an antagonist into a drug.
For example, morphine is a stimulant. If the methyl group of the morphine molecule is replaced with an allyl group, it becomes an effective antagonist, allylmorphine. Not only will it not cause excitement, it will also not be sedative. Pain, but can prevent morphine or other opioids from taking effect.
It squeezes the morphine out of the receptors and crowds out the receptors, leaving the morphine nowhere to act.
The coagulation factor antagonists that Fatty wants to study are also based on the same principle.
As long as some slight changes are made to the molecular structure of the drug, an antagonist can be obtained from the hemostatic agent, thereby obtaining a brand-new anticoagulant drug that can greatly inhibit venous thrombosis.
When Fatty came up with this idea, he was so excited that he almost jumped from the computer. He immediately took the research findings to Wen Renlong to apply for the project.
Wen Renlong praised his innovative thinking and agreed to his application almost immediately.
This is the first independent research and development project of the AI Pharmaceutical Laboratory, and it is a brand-new field of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular drugs, so it has received great support.
Fatty led five doctors, a total of six people, to form a new team to develop innovative anticoagulants.
However, at the beginning of the project, progress was not smooth.
Since all drug molecules with similar structures have to be synthesized and the effects are tested one by one, the effects of the same carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, even if they are arranged in the same way, are actually different.
Overall, the workload was very heavy. Just analyzing the fine structures between different drug molecules would cost these six people their lives.
They could only turn to Wen Renlong, and with his help they built an al model, screened the molecular structures of different drugs, and then predicted their effects.
In this way, the workload was finally reduced to a level that six people could handle.
Later, with the company providing al software, the work progress took off rapidly.
Finally, after half a year of hard work, three antagonists with similar structures were screened out.
However, during this time, they encountered difficulties again.
The three antagonists screened out performed well in computer predictions, but were quite different in actual testing.
Obviously the principle is correct and the data is correct, but it is always very different from reality.
There must be something wrong with the model or algorithm.
They summarized the problem points, but they couldn't always figure out where the problem was.
It has been delayed for half a month, and it cannot be completely resolved. It cannot continue.
I really can't afford to delay.
The fat man gritted his teeth, typed out some information, stood up and headed towards Wen Renlong's office.
“Dong dong dong!
"Stop knocking, Wang Yong. I'll know it's you just by the sound. Come in quickly. What's going on?"
Wen Renlong shouted impatiently, his hands still waving, leaving an afterimage on the mechanical keyboard.
After the fat man Wang Yong came in, he wiped the cold sweat from his forehead and forced a smile.
"Boss, we have encountered another problem in the anticoagulant drug project. The data of the al model is always very different from the actual test. We can't figure it out, so we are looking for you to find out what is wrong.'
Wen Renlong took the information and read it seriously.
Wang Yong scratched his head and said: "We all think there is a problem with the algorithm or model, but we don't know where it is." Wen Renlong said flatly: "It's not a problem with the algorithm or model. It's a problem with the test experiment.'
"Ah? Is it a problem with the experiment we designed?" Wang Yong was dumbfounded. The experiments designed by the six of them together had always been fine in the early tests, so they didn't think about it in this direction. They always thought it was a problem with the algorithm. Now But I was completely confused.
Then I thought about it, yes, this algorithm and model were all made under the guidance of the boss, so there must be no problem.
I was probably stupid for not thinking that there was something wrong with the experimental design.
Wang Yong's face turned red, but he felt relieved. In fact, he originally wanted to solve it on his own with his teammates, but he spent more than half a month studying sleepless nights and couldn't figure it out. He had to ask the leader for help again, but he didn't expect it to happen all of a sudden. frowned.
Wen Renlong looked at it and frowned. He took out a pen and started writing and drawing on the writing board in the office.
Wang Yong watched carefully from the side, not daring to express his anger. However, the more he looked, the more confused he became. He only felt that what Wen Renlong wrote contained some kind of truth, but he couldn't quite understand it.
Five minutes later, Wen Renlong stopped writing, pointed to a place in the middle and said: "There is something wrong with the experimental process you designed. It needs to be improved here."
"You see, if you change the temperature and soaking time here, you can get more accurate data."
"Although you have obtained three antagonists with similar structures, from the analysis, the specific binding of two of them is not clear. If you change the experiment, you can get obvious stereospecific binding, so as to select the final answer .”
He patted Wang Yong on the shoulder and said with a look of relief: "You did a good job, I'm really proud of you. Come on!"
Wang Yong looked confused and said: "Boss, can you explain it in more detail?"
Wen Renlong said in surprise: "Does this still need to be explained? Isn't this something obvious?"
"Look," he waved his hands and clicked his fingers from here to there. After a while, he said: This process is very simple. You can just change it as you like.
Wang Yong said with a grimace: "Boss, wait, it's a little difficult for me to listen alone. I'll call them all over, and there will always be one who can understand.'
Wenrenlong couldn't help but feel dumb, waved his hand, and couldn't help but sigh.
After a flurry of phone calls, there were five more people in the office, all of whom listened carefully to Wen Renlong's explanation. This time Wenrenlong turned on the fool's teaching mode and taught it from beginning to end, as detailed as possible.
In this way, I was often interrupted midway and had to answer questions raised by six people.
After two hours, he finally finished explaining. He was so tired that his mouth was dry and he almost foamed at the foam.
Wang Yong and the other six finally nodded, showing expressions of sudden realization.
Wen Renlong had no energy to speak anymore. He shook his head, kicked Wang Yong, returned to his seat, picked up the quilt and took a gulp of water.
Wang Yong looked embarrassed and said with a smile on his face: "Thank you, boss, we will work overtime tonight and we will get the new medicine out as soon as possible.'
After the six people left, Wen Renlong slumped on the chair, sticking out his tongue and panting.
It took him a long time to recover, and he couldn't help but sigh: "A genius like me is so lonely."
Wen Renlong wasted two hours, but Wang Yong and the others saved two months.
After they returned, they worked overtime and rushed to work, and finally found the drug molecule they had been looking for for a long time in the experiment. A new coagulation factor antagonist and a new anticoagulant drug.
The experimental results are excellent. By inhibiting coagulation factors, it can greatly inhibit the generation of thrombin and inhibit thrombosis.
The principle of this drug is very similar to that of bms pharmaceutical company (Bristol-Myers Squibb)'s apixaban, which is an ace anticoagulant drug with annual sales of more than 10 billion US dollars.
Wen Renlong was also very excited after getting the experimental results.
This is the first time that an AI pharmaceutical laboratory has used machine learning to independently develop a brand-new drug. It is also Sanqing’s first drug in the new field of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.
"That's great! I'm so awesome. I can't stop this wave of bosses!'
Wen Renlong walked directly to Wei Kang's office and shouted excitedly as soon as he entered: "Boss, look, our laboratory has developed a new anticoagulant drug.
He threw the report in front of Wei Kang with a bang and said with his hands on his hips triumphantly.
"Boss, this is Sanqing's first innovative cardiovascular and cerebrovascular drug. It can be the first step into the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular field! This wave will definitely kill Apixaban, the drug king of BMS!"
Wei Kang took the report, looked at it, and nodded in approval: "You are right, such an outstanding drug effect can indeed compete with apixaban, or even be better. Well done."
Wen Renlong held his chest high and raised his head, with a smile on his face and his head held high, like a fighting cock returning from victory.
"However, your anticoagulants may not come out on top.'
Wei Kang held back his smile and handed over a fresh experimental report.
"Some time ago, I also developed two cardiovascular and cerebrovascular drugs, one antihypertensive drug and one antithrombotic drug. Here is the experimental report. Take a look.'
"Ah?" Wen Renlong was stunned and took the report blankly.
After glancing at the materials in his hand, his eyelids couldn't help but beat wildly.
His eyes instantly became hot, and he looked at Wei Kang with a burning gaze, and said with a fanatical expression.
"Ah, the boss is indeed an eternal god. He came out with two new drugs so quickly. With such speed and strength, he is worthy of being my idol, Aaron."
"I am really naive. I haven't correctly understood the boss's strength for so long, and I still want to surpass the boss." He clenched his fists and made up his mind.
"My boss is my life goal. Although my strength is limited, I must work hard to learn from my boss and strive to achieve one-tenth, no, one percent of his achievements."
Wei Kang looked indifferent and said with a slight smile: "Very good, these two medicines are also given to you."
"These three drugs are very important to the company. Please remember to report the progress of subsequent clinical trials at any time. I am waiting for your good news.'
