Chapter 169 Antimatter

Style: Science Author: Lei YutanWords: 4045Update Time: 24/01/12 17:47:38
At this time, Zhang Desen said directly to General Feng Yucai:

"General Feng Yucai, I think we will just follow what you said. Your Feng family army will immediately deploy artillery and prepare to bombard the bases of those wandering aliens. When you are ready, send someone to tell us immediately, or use our The liaison is contacting us, do you need our help?"

General Feng Yucai said directly:

"I will do whatever Young Master Zhang wants me to do. I am now following Young Master Zhang. As for the bombardment of the enemy's house with artillery fire, the magistrate of Hezhou City and others will explain it. Leave all coordination to me. I guarantee that it can be done in half the time. Within an hour, a large number of artillery pieces were laid in ambush in the houses surrounding the enemy’s house.”

At this time, General Feng Yucai confidently took out a map and said:

"Actually, I have already thought that it is very likely that I will need to bombard the enemy's house, so I have already communicated with the residents around that area. Now, as long as I give an order, all the artillery can be in place immediately, and These cannons are all Napoleon cannons sold by the Liu Family Trading Company, is that what they are called?"

Zhang Desen immediately nodded, expressing his affirmation of General Feng Yucai's words. When General Feng Yucai saw Zhang Desen, he expressed his affirmation and immediately continued:

"At that time, as long as I give the order, I guarantee that the house will be blown to ashes, unless they have something stronger to keep them out."

After hearing this, Zhang Desen immediately said:

"Okay, then all the firepower on our current space battleship "Crater" is ready. The enemy must have something that can protect them, but it must fly out. As long as General Feng Yucai's artillery forces them out, I guarantee that the firepower of my "Crater" will annihilate everything they fly out."

Seeing the current situation, General Feng Yucai immediately said:

"Without further ado, please ask Young Master Zhang to send me a signal corps immediately. My people are not very good at operating that thing yet. I will deploy all the necessary things within a quarter of an hour. At that time, I only need to give an order from Young Master Zhang." Come on, I'll fire right away."

After Zhang Desen heard what General Feng Yucai said, he immediately photographed a communications soldier for him as requested. Afterwards, General Feng Yucai immediately went to deploy as planned. But Feng Ling'er took a look at Zhang Desen before leaving and found that Zhang Desen didn't seem to have anything to say to her, so she followed his father, General Feng Yucai, away with some resentment.

However, Zhang Desen himself knew that there was no way for him to take Feng Ling'er to Mars with him. Even the generals of the He family had basically never undergone space training. It's not because the Crater has a device that can use artificial gravitational waves to generate artificial gravity. He didn't even dare to take the soldiers of the United Home Army into the sky on the "Crater".

At this time, after seeing all the non-United Family members leaving the "Crater". Zhao Chengming asked at this time:

"Captain, are we going directly to Mars this time?"

Zhang Desen immediately replied:

"Yes, my friend, but if you find it inconvenient, you don't have to go this time."

Zhao Chengming couldn't help but said a little unhappy:

"I, Zhao Chengming, have never backed down from danger. Isn't it just a trip to Mars? I, Zhao Chengming, just want to experience it this time."

Zhang Desen said:

"This time you all have to rush into space. In fact, I have no choice. If it weren't for the emergency, I wouldn't be in such a hurry to drag you all into space. Because you are in space, I'm afraid you can't even It’s difficult to walk. Because none of you have received corresponding training.”

And Zhao Chengming immediately said:

"That said, captain. Now, although we admit that we have indeed not conducted space combat training, but this time the captain was able to take us into space, he must have thought of what we can do. So we are definitely not useless. Yes, captain, please give us orders!"

Zhang Desen glanced at everyone and then said:

"Comrades, I have just made it clear to you that since we are fighting in outer space this time, if nuclear weapons are detonated in outer space, it will not achieve the goal.

The effect when arriving at Ulan Gumu.

So this time we must take action personally and use face-to-face combat to destroy the huge cigar-shaped space carrier. "

Then, Zhang Desen looked at everyone's reactions again. I found that everyone was still very determined, so I continued to say to everyone:

"So comrades, I plan to let you drive the 'Crater' this time to use the gravity generated by the artificial gravitational waves inside it, so that everyone can carry out certain activities. At least everyone feels the same in the spaceship as on earth. Then use all the firepower on the Crater to completely destroy that huge cigar-shaped space carrier. Do you understand?"

When I heard this, everyone suddenly became excited, and everyone was eager to get started. Zhao Chengming said:

"It's great, we can't help but want to go to space. Now we finally have a chance to go to space, even if we use the artificial gravitational waves generated in the spacecraft to stabilize us. At least we have gone once."

And Zhang Desen immediately went on to say:

"Okay, everyone, listen. After we destroy that huge cigar-shaped space carrier in space this time, all of us will not return to Earth for a while. I decided to go directly to Tycho Crater Replenish all supplies, including ammunition. The things we need to carry are also different. When we replenish everything, we will go directly to Mars."

And Zhao Chengming asked at this time:

"By the way, Captain, don't we have to wait for the window period? This time we are going directly to Mars."

But at this time, someone actually didn't understand what the window period was and asked. With Zhang Desen's permission, Zhao Chengming first explained them.

The launch window refers to a time range that is more suitable for launch of a launch vehicle (that is, the time range within which a launch vehicle is allowed to launch). The launch window is determined after comprehensive analysis and calculation based on the requirements of the spacecraft itself and various external constraints.

Since the relative positions of the sun, the earth and other stars are constantly changing, even if a spacecraft of the same type and orbit is launched, its launch window is not fixed. The width of the window can be wide or narrow. The wide one is measured in hours or even days, and the narrow one is only tens of seconds or even zero.

For the launch vehicle itself, there is no strict launch window limit, and it can be launched at any time.

However, when conducting launch tests of carrier rockets, the launch is usually done in the evening or before dawn, because at this time the sun is near the horizon at the launch site and the sky in the area where the rocket passes is relatively dim, and the rocket is ignited and lifted off to a certain height. Then it can be illuminated by sunlight, so that the rocket body that reflects the sunlight forms a greater contrast with the background sky, so that the optical tracking measurement instruments on the ground can clearly track and measure the flight trajectory of the rocket, and observe the attitude and external image of the rocket in flight. Tracking measurement and observation effects are better.

But when a launch vehicle is used to launch a spacecraft, it cannot be launched at any time. Since each spacecraft has different missions, the instruments installed on the spacecraft, and the equipment usage requirements are different, they put forward various requirements and restrictions on the launch window, and these requirements are sometimes conflicting with each other. Therefore, when choosing the launch time, we must consider After comprehensively balancing the various requirements, a more appropriate launch window will be selected.

The choice of launch window generally depends on the following factors:

The lighting conditions of the ground targets (such as meteorological, resource and other satellites) illuminated by the sun below the satellite (sub-satellite point);

The relative relationship between the satellite solar panels and the sun's rays (requirements for solar cell power supply);

The geometric relationship between the earth, satellite and the sun required for satellite attitude measurement accuracy;

Satellite temperature control requires that the sun can only shine in certain directions on the satellite;

Requirements for the length of time the satellite is within the shadow of the Earth (requirements for solar cell power supply);

Landing and recovery time requirements (such as returnable satellites, manned spacecraft, etc.);

Specific requirements for satellite orbital planes (such as mobile communication satellite constellations, orbital rendezvous, orbital interception, etc.);

Requirements for the relative position of the earth and target celestial bodies (such as lunar probes, planetary probes, etc.) and other requirements such as ground tracking and measurement conditions, meteorological conditions, etc. That is, launching different satellites has different launch windows. Generally, the launch window is not measured in years, but in days.

calculated.

And waiting for Zhao Cheng

After Ming finished explaining, Zhang Desen immediately said:

"Actually, the main reason why I didn't wait for the window period this time is because some spaceships left by super-ancient humans can ignore these rules. They can fly directly to Mars and other places, but the energy consumption is larger, but traveling to and from Mars is It's definitely more than enough, don't worry about anything. If we take the "Crater" to Mars, at the fastest speed, we may be able to reach Mars in 4 days. "

After everyone heard this, they suddenly realized. And then, Zhang Desen immediately said:

"After we arrive at the Tycho crater base this time, we must not only replenish the corresponding space equipment and nuclear weapons. In particular, we should also carry three anti-matter bombs. For emergency use, there is also some atmosphere and lunch on Mars, and there will also be a certain amount of Shock wave, so the power of nuclear weapons will not be much weaker by then."

By the way, this anti-matter weapon is a dream weapon that uses anti-matter as energy, propellant or explosives and has super power. Currently it only exists in science fiction or video games.

But the U.S. Air Force has become interested in its possible military uses, including devastating effects. Since the beginning of the Cold War, it has funded physics research related to antimatter. Its main theoretical advantage is that the collision of matter and antimatter will convert nearly 100% of the mass into energy (high-energy gamma rays), while hydrogen explosion weapons using nuclear fusion reactions only have about 7-10% mass-to-energy conversion. But once invented and triggered, it is extremely likely to cause catastrophe to mankind, and too many anti-matter weapons may even cause the destruction of the world.

The biggest obstacle to building antimatter weapons is generating and storing antimatter. One gram of antimatter and one gram of matter destroyed can produce 180 trillion joules of energy, which is equivalent to 43,000 tons of explosives (about three times the energy of the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima).

However, with current technology, expensive and huge particle accelerators are required, and energy equivalent to the total electricity consumption of large cities is required to obtain a very small amount of antimatter, which is extremely difficult to preserve. Even the European Organization for Nuclear Research, which uses the largest particle accelerator currently available, would take 4 billion years to produce one gram of antimatter.

At the same time, because antimatter will annihilate with ordinary matter, how to carry antimatter in real combat is also a big problem.

In particle physics, antimatter is an extension of the concept of antiparticles. Antimatter is made up of antiparticles, just like ordinary matter is made up of ordinary particles.

For example, an antiproton and an antielectron (positron) can form an antihydrogen atom, just as electrons and protons form hydrogen atoms of ordinary matter. In addition, the combination of matter and antimatter will be like the combination of particles and antiparticles, causing the two to annihilate, thereby releasing high-energy photons (gamma rays) or other lower-energy pairs of positive and negative particles.

The kinetic energy imparted to the particles created by the annihilation of matter and antimatter is equal to the kinetic energy of the original matter and antimatter pair, plus the difference between the rest mass of the original matter and the rest mass of the generated particles, with the latter usually accounting for the majority. (Einstein's theory of relativity states that mass and energy are equivalent.)

Antimatter cannot be found in nature, except in fleeting small amounts (e.g. due to phenomena such as radioactive decay or cosmic rays). This is because if antimatter does not exist in an artificial environment such as a physics laboratory, it will inevitably collide with and annihilate matter in nature.

Antiparticles and some stable antimatter (such as antihydrogen) can be artificially produced in tiny amounts, but not enough to be theoretically testable for these substances.

However, these anti-matter weapons also gave Zhang Deshen a headache. In fact, Zhang Desheng could only carry anti-matter weapons through things left by super-ancient humans.

Moreover, Zhang Desen had never seen these antimatter preservation plans and tools in the past many years, so he could only carefully preserve them according to the notes and instructions left by archaeologists. Zhang Desen even made up his mind that no matter what the anti-matter weapons he took away this time, he would find a way to consume them and never bring them back again.

After all, these anti-matter weapons may destroy yourself if you are not careful. These anti-matter weapons are sometimes much more terrifying than ordinary nuclear weapons.

However, the enemy Zhang Desen has to deal with this time is also something he has never seen before, so he bites the bullet and has to take it with him.