Some people are very embarrassed and unhappy with the Renaissance Association's unabashed policy of fully favoring grassroots workers.
For example, in the early days, officials who came from traditional cultural families such as old bureaucrats, old landlords and gentry who took the initiative to cooperate with Su Yonglin in the past and avoided being purged were those who passed the imperial examination and other channels to enter the officialdom.
They feel embarrassed and feel that their future is not very clear.
Although they escaped Su Yonglin's three major purges, they also lost a large amount of land and tenants on which they relied for a living, and could not support themselves without working.
Now they have returned to the state where the family started their business in the early days - farming, studying and heirlooms.
While plowing the fields, he also trained his family's children to study.
Of course, the difficulty of farming and reading heirlooms in the Ming Dynasty is much lower than that of so-called farming and reading heirlooms in other dynasties.
Before modern times, it was very difficult for any ordinary family in any country to support a full-time scholar.
Full-time scholars do not work or produce, but they still have to bear part of the court's taxes, such as oral taxes on the population, labor service, etc. Not only that, scholars also need to eat and have daily expenses.
There is no production, only consumption. For a peasant family of five, it requires the whole family to work together, a certain amount of land, and good weather to prevent major disasters.
Only in this way can we successfully support a full-time scholar.
If you want to support several people, you have to live in a landlord's house.
The requirements are very demanding and very difficult. The average farmer cannot afford to farm, study and pass down family traditions. When the children are eight or nine years old, they have to work in the fields to help the family as cheap labor and cannot afford to study.
Therefore, without external help, such as the government's student aid policy, it would be impossible for ordinary farmers to cultivate a scholar in their hometown.
It is a pity that the ancient court did not need so many scholars. The rulers only needed to "take all the baht and use it like sand" and use the farmers as consumables.
Also help students?
joke.
In the Ming Dynasty, due to the vigorous promotion of free education and the policy of a free lunch, as well as the vigorous reduction and exemption of agricultural taxes collected by farmers, the tax burden of farmers' families was greatly reduced, and the difficulty of farmers' families to support full-time scholars was greatly reduced.
As a result, ordinary peasant families can support at least one full-time scholar as long as they are willing.
But this is not enough.
In recent years, with the advancement of the collective farm system, collective farms have gradually replaced the village and township secondary systems in practice and implemented the management of rural household registration under their jurisdiction.
Because the responsibilities of the collective farms were highly overlapped, and the collective farms were actually established by the village farmers' association under the leadership of the township farmers' association, the original village and township-level revival organizations gradually realized the de facto merger within the framework of the collective farms.
At the end of the ninth year of Hongwu, Su Yonglin approved the proposal at the Central Meeting of the Renaissance to gradually merge the village farmers' association with the township farmers' association, and realize the management of collective farms in the name of the collective farm management committee.
Not only in terms of agricultural production, but also covering the administrative level of jurisdiction, the collective farm gradually transferred from a production unit to a comprehensive administrative unit, becoming a de facto first-level administrative agency, connecting upward to the county government.
On this basis, the literacy classes and Mongolian schools that originally belonged to each village were also merged and became primary schools for farm children attached to the collective farms.
After the merger, the teaching staff and educational resources of each collective farm were centralized, which greatly enhanced the teaching effect.
What followed was that the collective farms gathered all their strength to support everyone's full-time scholars, and education expenditures were separately accounted for and allocated.
Compared with the situation where a single family in a single village supports a full-time scholar, it actually greatly reduces the difficulty of universal education.
A similar situation is that the primary schools for children of factory workers attached to major state-owned handicraft factories are also responsible for providing teaching resources to the children of factory workers and even helping them raise their children to some extent.
The time when workers go to and from work highly overlaps with the time when students from Gongchangzi Elementary School go to and from school, which is completely consistent with their daily routines.
Because the group is relatively small and started early, the enrollment rate in primary schools for children of workers across the country has reached 100%, far exceeding the enrollment rate of primary schools for children of farmers.
However, as the collective farm policy continues to be promoted and constructed in Sichuan, Sichuan, Jiangnan, Lingnan and other places, sooner or later the enrollment rate of farm children in primary schools will further increase.
This situation is very unfavorable for the traditional gentry families that still exist in the Ming Dynasty and need to rely on independent labor to live.
The imperial court of the Ming Dynasty allocated a large amount of educational resources to farmers and industrial workers. The result of this situation was the overall improvement of the cultural literacy of the children of farmers and industrial workers, and the large-scale advancement of the cultural literacy movement in the Ming Dynasty.
One of the many consequences of these large-scale changes is that the cultural literacy advantages of traditional gentry children have continued to decrease over time.
What the children of the traditional gentry originally expected was to seize time and quickly obtain official positions through the advantages of cultural accumulation, thereby obtaining official positions, re-establishing the status of the ruling class, returning to their original status as rentiers, and continuing the wealthy family for another hundred years.
But the reality is that Su Yonglin exported a large amount of educational resources to farmers and workers, built a large number of primary schools for children, revised textbooks, and shifted the focus of Ming education to science and engineering education, making it possible for children of traditional gentry families who did not have an advantage in this aspect Greatly frustrated.
The children of farmers and workers are gradually catching up with their new generation of children in terms of cultural literacy in science and engineering. The two sides are almost on the same starting line and competing fairly.
The family cultural heritage belonging to the traditional gentry family was equivalent to being wiped away by Su Yonglin with a wave of his hand.
Changes at the cultural level require their foundation. On the surface, the Renaissance organization gradually took control of the most powerful positions in the court, and began what they saw as "nepotism", which kept them under some control. On the innocuous Shimizu position.
He can do things, but not too many things, and he can show his abilities, but he doesn't have many opportunities. He is the kind of person who is dispensable and can be replaced at any time.
In fact, many administrative positions are easily replaceable. People with simple education can complete the work of middle and low-level officials. The reason why selection through examinations is required is simply that there are too few senior resources and artificial thresholds need to be set. .
Without this artificially set threshold, people with normal IQs can hold mid- and low-level administrative positions. Senior administrative positions naturally require some talent.
Su Yonglin changed the situation of artificially setting thresholds to a considerable extent, which limited the children of traditional gentry families to an embarrassing range.
They can live on their salaries, make life better for their families, and train their children to continue studying, but they cannot advance to the next level.
They are similar to most farmers and worker officials in their background.
7017k
