Although the scale of private commercial transactions was small due to the reduction of commercial scale, which objectively enabled the people to save, the Ming Dynasty carried out tax policy reforms and all taxes were collected from copper coins. The court could continue to obtain copper coins through taxation.
A certain amount of copper coins are invested to allow the copper coins to enter the circulation field, and taxes are collected to get back part of the copper coins. After the tax copper coins are obtained, they are continuously put into circulation.
After this series of operations, the Ming government was able to ensure the number of copper coins circulating in the market and prevent deflation. This was able to curb the hiding of money among the people to a considerable extent.
Therefore, in the current Ming Dynasty, the act of saving copper coins does not affect the fundamentals of the Ming Dynasty's use of copper coins to run the economy. There is no deflation, which is completely different from the situation in the Southern and Northern Song Dynasties.
Finally, there is the situation of destroying money and casting utensils that was prevalent among the people in the Southern and Northern Song Dynasties.
The reason why this happens is also funny.
In fact, the Song court did not know much about its domestic economic conditions.
Their officials lack professional economic knowledge. They are all rigid-minded people who read Confucian classics. They are typical nerds. They have not specifically studied economic development issues and lack relevant knowledge reserves.
The Song Dynasty had no educational measures specifically to cultivate economic talents, and officials who became officials and engaged in economic work had to become monks halfway.
Facts have proven that only a very small number of people can become experts after becoming a monk. Occasionally, one or two officials with opinions and research on the economy, such as Wang Anshi and Cai Jing, will have their careers ruined by a group of mediocre people and idiots who take politics as their platform. Destroyed.
Most of their officials and even the emperor did not know much about how to macro-control economic development. They just knew that the first two phenomena caused a money shortage in the country, so they worked hard to mint more copper coins and put them into the market.
They think that as long as they mint enough coins, the problem can be solved. All problems are caused by insufficient coinage, and just mint coins.
If you are short of money, I will mint coins. As for why you are short of money...
unimportant.
Typical treatment for headaches is to treat head and foot pain.
However, there is actually no real need for so many copper coins in the market.
It's just because a considerable part of the copper coins have abnormally left the circulation field and are no longer in circulation.
The Song court did not understand this, or could not think of a way to solve this problem, so instead of taking measures to return copper coins to circulation, it doubled its investment in huge amounts of copper coins into the market every year.
If you're short of copper coins, I'll coin coins and throw them in, that's it.
Therefore, the number of copper coins put into the market by the Song Dynasty every year was more than ten times that of the Tang Dynasty.
However, its economic scale was not more than ten times that of the Tang Dynasty, and its territorial scope was far less than that of the Tang Dynasty. Therefore, such a large investment in copper coins could not solve the problem, but could only reduce the purchasing power of copper coins.
As a result, a very strange phenomenon occurred in the market at that time.
The value of copper coins is because it is copper. It does not depend on the face value, but on the actual weight. As the Song Dynasty invested a large amount of copper coins into the market, the price of copper utensils continued to rise in the market, and the weight of copper coins required to purchase copper utensils was far higher. A phenomenon that is higher than the weight of copperware.
There is a very strange price gap between the two, so that the middle one is profitable, and the profit is not low.
As a result, there has been a large-scale phenomenon of "destroying money and making utensils" among the people.
Rich people and even ordinary people with considerable wealth began to melt the coins in their hands and make them into copper utensils in order to obtain higher profits.
Because it is profitable, more and more people are doing this, and as a result, the number of copper coins circulating in the market is getting smaller.
Coins are not used for circulation, but used for other things to earn more coins.
After summarizing this series of issues, the Zhongdu Economic Conference chaired by Su Yonglin concluded after research that situations such as the outflow of copper coins, the hiding of money, and the destruction of money for casting have nothing to do with economic development and are pure economic chaos.
The Song Dynasty did not focus on changing this economic chaos, but blindly poured copper coins into the market, which made the economic chaos worse.
The intensifying economic chaos will only make the money shortage more serious. The Song Dynasty continued to invest a large amount of copper coins to alleviate the money shortage. Then, through various economic chaos, the people continued to separate this part of the copper coins from normal circulation, exacerbating the money shortage.
In this way, the economy of the Southern and Northern Song Dynasties finally fell into an incurable vicious circle.
On the one hand, too much copper ore reserves are consumed, which greatly weakens the copper ore resources that are not abundant.
On the one hand, it was unable to correct the economic chaos, which caused the economy to fall into a vicious cycle. In the end, the cost of minting money exceeded the value of the money itself, and the finances were exhausted.
No matter how chaotic a dynasty is, as long as there is money, there will eventually be a solution, but if there is no money, it will be over.
It should be said that in the face of these real problems, Ming Dynasty has made targeted countermeasures.
Since the founding of the Ming Dynasty, in the process of sorting out the economic chaos, these problems have been dealt with and suppressed to varying degrees, and finally these three problems have been greatly alleviated to a certain extent.
For example, the problem of hiding money has been basically solved through tax reform and agrarian revolution. Now the Ming Dynasty treasury has a considerable amount of copper coin reserves, and the overall operation is in good condition. Many big landowners’ money storage cellars can be found in local areas every year.
The problem of outflow of copper coins has also been realized in the physical sense by eliminating many important countries from which copper coins were outflowed, allowing this part of copper coins to return to circulation and enter the Zhongdu treasury in good condition.
As for such problems in the future, the Zhongdu court also plans to establish some regulations, such as stipulating the use of Ming treasure banknotes in foreign transactions, legislating to strictly restrict the removal of copper coins from the Ming Dynasty, and severely cracking down on and punishing such phenomena.
As for the phenomenon of ruined coinage, the Ming government planned to reduce the number of coins minted in the coming period.
Even to a certain extent, the copper coins issued in the Northern and Southern Song Dynasties were recycled, put into storage and temporarily not put into circulation, so as to increase the currency value, so as to solve this paradoxical chaos.
Judging from the economic survey results of the sixth and seventh years of Hongwu, some of the previous one-sided and stereotyped views of some central officials of the Ming Dynasty on the economy and currency of the Southern and Northern Song Dynasties have been overturned.
They finally determined that the number of copper coins currently circulating in the Ming Dynasty was not too small, but too much, so much that inflation needed to be suppressed through various economic chaos.
Too many coins were minted, leading to inflation, and various economic chaos among the people took a large amount of copper coins out of circulation, which instead caused money shortages and deflation.
The two actually reached a delicate balance in a sense, making the value of copper coins in the two Song Dynasties relatively strong and running reasonably well. In the future, the Southern Song government could no longer mint large quantities of copper coins and put them into the market, and finally ushered in the economic crisis. total collapse.
It has to be said that this is an economic spectacle of magic versus magic.
But this is an abnormal phenomenon after all, and Ming Dynasty cannot accept this situation.
The Song Dynasty did very poorly in economic work and almost lost its function of regulating economic development. It either pushed Jiaozi and Huizi out for endorsement, or minted coins indiscriminately, and had no solution to the economic chaos. Method.
Regarding this kind of problem, Ming Central Committee did not lie down, but struck hard.
Currently, in the areas controlled by the Ming Dynasty, through a series of correct operations, the currency value of copper coins has been maintained, the normal and healthy circulation of copper coins in the market has been restored, and the economy has developed smoothly.
The economic chaos in the Northern and Southern Song Dynasty and the Jin Dynasty did not affect the Ming Dynasty. Instead, the Ming Dynasty solved this problem through thorough social revolution and land reform.
Therefore, the destruction of Jiaozi in Sichuan and Shu saved Zuo Ming a lot of trouble.
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