The progress of 88% is the data from the pilot area in Yanyun area from the second to the third year of implementation.
Yanyun's experimental area can achieve the 93% progress, including the advancement of small-scale natural disasters that occurred in the second year.
The first batch of areas to implement collective farm experiments in Shandong and Henan had a participation rate of 88%. Collective farms quickly became popular in Shandong and Henan.
Because collective farms have not been implemented among farmers in many areas, they even have some emotions and are trying to persuade the peasant associations to implement collective farms on their side.
This is not because Su Yonglin is unwilling, but because collective farms are very difficult to operate, much more than self-employed small farmers, and require a certain amount of knowledge. There are not enough cadres who can implement this policy and need to be trained.
Because the talent gap was so large, local peasant association cadres who were not familiar with this policy needed to receive front-line training from the imperial Ministry of Agriculture and the General Affairs Department of the Fuxing Society.
During that period, members of the farmers' associations at all levels in Shandong and Henan and members of the General Affairs Department of the Renaissance Association worked during the day and stayed up late at night to make up for classes. All of them were liver emperors, and they lost handfuls of their hair at a time.
Arithmetic knowledge training, statistical knowledge training, management knowledge training, targeted professional skills training, etc.
There are many things to learn, and they are all technical problems that have emerged in practice in the Yanyun area and have been summarized and solved by everyone.
Fortunately, although we were busy and nervous, there was no big trouble. The collective farm policy was very popular in Shandong and Henan, which greatly eased the production and living pressure of local farmers.
Under the collective settlement, many farmers said that they had a strong sense of security and felt very at ease. When they went out to work or helped the imperial army transport military supplies, they did not worry about no one cultivating the land at home, or about no harvest during the harvest season.
When I go to work, I work wholeheartedly. When I get home, I cultivate the land according to the tasks assigned by the farm and live a regular life.
Use the work points on hand to make settlements, and no one will suffer when the final distribution is made.
This sense of security and solidity is an important reason why they support and join the collective farmers' association.
Through this series of changes, the agricultural production relations in this area have also changed, and the transformation from private ownership of land to public ownership has been completed in a relatively mild way.
After the superiority of this system is reflected, it will be further extended to surrounding areas, causing farmers in surrounding areas to greatly increase their acceptance of collective farms and greatly reduce their resistance. Eventually, the region will be completed in a more moderate way. Changes in agricultural production relations.
This is what Su Yonglin estimated.
Agricultural issues are related to the life and death of the country. He is very cautious and does not dare to take a big step forward, nor does he dare to underestimate the common attributes of the peasant class. He does not think that these years of revolutionary education can really transform the peasants in an instant and become Very sensible.
In fact, when personal interests are involved, everyone will become less rational. Whether this situation is severe or relatively mild mainly comes from the individual's estimation of the difficulty of his own survival.
When a person feels safe enough in the surrounding environment, he will be relatively rational and gentle. However, when the surrounding environment does not make people feel safe enough, people will generally become narrow-minded, selfish, and irritable.
This is not a problem for ordinary people, but a problem for the rulers and the general environment.
As a ruler, it is necessary to create a relatively safe environment, and it is also the ruler's mission. If he fails to achieve this mission, the ruler has failed. A failed ruler is not qualified to blame ordinary people for their narrow-mindedness, selfishness and irritability.
Farmers are indeed short-sighted, but in the general environment of the feudal era, short-sightedness is an essential quality for the people at the bottom. Only those who are short-sighted enough can avoid starving to death.
It is tyranny to ask a man to take the long view when he is struggling to make ends meet.
When you hope that others will have a long-term vision, you must first consider whether the living environment and living conditions allow others to have a long-term vision. Otherwise, you will be drawing a big pie with nothing, and you will die.
Therefore, Su Yonglin never considered using more direct means to quickly complete his social transformation. He had enough time, a sufficiently relaxed environment at home and abroad, and history was on his side.
The successful implementation of collective farms and the low public resistance to collective farms proved that Su Yonglin was successful in improving the general environment, and also proved the success of the Ming regime.
This is the general direction.
In the small direction, farmers are beginning to care more about trivial matters around them rather than survival crises. This is also a manifestation of social progress. This is a sign that farmers are beginning to have a long-term vision.
Su Yonglin was very happy about this.
In the final analysis, the fundamental purpose of agricultural collectivization is to better realize the scissor gap between industry and agriculture. Through this scissor gap, primitive capital accumulation can be carried out for industrial development to help the country achieve industrialization.
Because late-developing countries have lost the dividends of early geographical discoveries and the colonial era, they cannot carry out primitive accumulation by eating others. If they want to be a late-developing country and become a modern country, they can only do it through the scissor gap between industry and agriculture.
Collective farms are better than self-employed farmers because the government's tax targets have been transformed from tens of millions of individual farmers to hundreds of thousands of collective farms, which greatly enhances the government's tax efficiency, reduces tax costs, and can maximize the realization of industrial benefits. The scissor gap in agriculture completes the primitive accumulation of capital.
This will greatly promote the country's industrial development, but the cost is that farmers' living standards can only be maintained at a low level for a long time.
However, in Su Yonglin's case, the demand for this kind of primitive accumulation is actually not that great.
First of all, the technology has not reached that point yet, and it is actually impossible to carry out comprehensive industrialization. It is still in a technical exploration stage, so it does not require so much money.
Secondly, through the agrarian revolution, he has obtained a huge amount of wealth from the old rulers, old bureaucrats and the landlord class. At present, the Ming Dynasty is not short of money.
Third, and most importantly.
In this era, the world has not become a world dominated by the West. Neither geographical discovery nor colonization has begun.
The world is still in the chaotic period before China Unicom. No one has turned on the fog of war. In their eyes, everyone only sees the small piece of the world they stand on.
Therefore, what Su Yonglin should do most is not to realize the scissor gap between industry and agriculture through collective farms to develop industry, but to conduct a great voyage, lead the trend of the times, and realize the primitive accumulation of capital for the Ming Dynasty through the dividends of geographical discovery.
He does not need the hard work of farmers to complete the primitive accumulation of capital.
The reason why he wants to promote collective farms is really to increase grain production, increase national grain reserves, and then help farmers withstand natural disasters that are difficult for individual farmers to withstand.
He wanted farmers to have a collective organization to fight against natural disasters through collective strength and achieve a high survival rate.
Through the existence of this collective farm, the land system of the Ming Dynasty was transformed, from individual private ownership to collective public ownership, thereby eliminating land annexation, eliminating landlords, and preventing landlords from appearing again.
At the same time, the peasant class is transformed through the organizational education of collective farms, so that they truly have collective consciousness and organizational consciousness.
He hoped that when farmers encounter trouble, they will know how to find collectives and organizations. When they encounter injustice, they will have an organization to rely on. When they encounter power and tyranny, they can use organizations to fight together.
Individual farmers are extremely vulnerable to power violence.
Su Yonglin learned from the behavior of ancient clan groups that the original purpose of forming local power was to fight against the tyranny of rulers.
Through the lessons of blood and tears, the ancient people learned that when fighting against the ruler, an individual's power is very small and it is difficult to resist, but if they stick together, it is different.
In the later feudal era, when the imperial power faced the local gentry families' alliance, they did not adopt a confrontational strategy, but a gentle and coaxing strategy. In some eras, the imperial power even retreated.
This fully demonstrates the power of collective effort.
