When the military system encounters various problems, civilian equipment has made progress across the ages.
After nearly two years of preparation, the Locomotive and Locomotive Factory produced a 2,200-kilowatt, small-horsepower diesel locomotive with about 3,000 horsepower, named Benz, abbreviated as "benc(z)".
After the establishment of the Locomotive General Factory, less than a dozen steam locomotives with 400 to 500 horsepower were produced in total. The main reason for the lack of horsepower was that Benz felt that the efficiency of steam engines was really low and there was no future. Starting from the side of the railway bureau, we do not want the excessive differences between vehicles to cause a series of maintenance problems.
But during this process, the steam locomotives did not change at all. In fact, the twelve locomotives had a total of four subdivided models, with improvements in transmission, high-pressure gas system, boiler structure, pipelines and various meters, etc. The change of one hundred horsepower didn't just come out of nowhere.
In addition to boilers, achievements were also transplanted to diesel locomotives.
This time, the diesel locomotive did not use the V12-cylinder diesel engine that was initially trial-produced, but a combination of two in-line eight-cylinder single engines. Even if one of them suddenly exploded, the car could be driven to the station first.
Trucks feel that the in-line eight-cylinder is too long, and diesel locomotives feel that it is too short. If it were not for the in-line ten-cylinder, it is difficult to ensure the processing accuracy, and maybe a longer one will be used.
In addition to the powerful power brought by the qualitative change in thermal efficiency, the internal combustion locomotive's own structure also improves driving safety.
The engine of the internal combustion engine is mid-mounted, with the cockpit and driver's rest area in front of it. This not only improves the center of gravity, but also allows the driver to clearly see the road ahead through the entire surface of special glass, preventing non-personnel from intruding on the road. ACCIDENT.
In fact, in the past few years of steam locomotive operation, there have been two derailment accidents. Both were caused by the steam locomotive blocking the field of vision, which caused the observers to fail to detect road abnormalities in time. One of them was a passenger train derailment. Fortunately, the speed limit was relatively small. It was low and the passenger car was relatively light, so no fatalities occurred.
Diesel locomotives have a natural advantage in road observation. The driver remains standing in the driving seat and can even see people in the middle of the railway a few meters away.
Then, due to the huge improvement in thermal efficiency brought by the internal combustion mode, the fuel carried by the internal combustion locomotive over the same distance has also become less.
To illustrate with figures, if a steam locomotive has a thermal efficiency of 5%, the power generated by burning one ton of coal is less than 1,500 megajoules. The thermal efficiency of the Benz locomotive signed by the Railway Bureau has been improved to 38%, and the performance of one ton of diesel reaches 17,500 megajoules, which is an order of magnitude crushing.
The boiler loss and water consumption of water-cooled but not steam locomotives can also be reduced. Water and coal locomotives are completely abandoned and the fuel and water tanks are integrated into the front of the locomotive. This alone can reduce the burden of almost one freight car for vehicle operation and gain additional benefits. tons of horsepower.
In short, this is a car that can carry thousands of tons of low-speed freight and can represent the "era".
Diesel locomotives have been produced, so it is natural to make new carriages.
Including lengthened new standard bulk cargo cars (grain, forage), new standard oil tank cars (stainless steel), chemical tank cars (iron) (aluminum lining) (quartz layer lining), etc., will also gradually replace the existing ones. of some carriages.
The introduction of new cars on the road has brought about a very serious problem, which has a particularly great impact on foreign countries.
When the Benz entered Pangxuncheng Station for the first time, the locals looked at the fifty carriages hanging behind this thing and were completely confused!
The standard transport capacity of fifty carriages is one thousand tons, excluding the dead weight of standard containers.
This is the amount of work that used to take a whole day in Nanpangxuncheng to connect to the railway station!
The length of the marshalling yard is not even as long as this car!
Fortunately, the Pangxun section was already double-tracked, and a steam passenger car came from behind. After entering the station, the front of the car detached to help, and the goods were unloaded.
This was a sudden attack. The new truck did not wait to haul a thousand tons of cargo before leaving. Instead, it hung ten cargo loads according to the usual freight volume, and then towed away some old-fashioned carriages in the Pangxun marshalling yard.
After the train left, the foremans at the station and the wharf, as well as the cargo owners at the wharf, woke up from a dream, and came to inquire in groups.
Information provided by the station: "Diesel-combustion locomotives will increase railway transport capacity by at least five times. We hope that friends from all walks of life will remind relevant lords to maintain and expand road facilities to avoid waste of transport capacity."
grass!
Many people belatedly realized that the new cars not only brought further local prosperity, but also forcibly squeezed out a new logistics bottleneck.
Some people have a vague idea: Why should we cooperate with them to increase transportation capacity? In the end, the railway will not make the majority of the profit?
This is obviously a misunderstanding of priorities.
The huge volume of goods will bring additional tax revenue and travel and accommodation needs to cities on various trade routes, and the increase in transportation capacity will reduce transportation costs and allow the cost-of-living reduction effects brought about by low-priced goods to spread to further areas. , which in turn helps to unite people's hearts, reduce bandit activities, further increase the willingness of small businessmen to expand their tax base.
The lords have sufficient reasons and motivations to promote the upgrading of road facilities. In this process, merchants only give advice. Only large-scale business groups need to consider whether to invest in roads.
It’s easy to explain the relationship, but if you really want to take on the load brought about by the capacity upgrade, the workload is quite huge.
Take Pangxuncheng as an example.
This is a city with 200,000 people. With a daily transportation volume of several hundred tons, Pang Xuncheng itself can absorb 8% to 10% of the import and export volume of goods. After the steam locomotives are upgraded to diesel locomotives, this ratio can be almost Ignore it.
In terms of infrastructure, Pangxuncheng Affiliated Port is no longer able to meet freight demand by increasing manpower density. It must expand the port and increase river transportation capacity, at least to a scale of 10,000 tons of daily loading and unloading.
The 10,000-ton figure is enough to clearly show that this is not a problem that can be solved by pure manpower.
Theoretically, the total loading and unloading volume of a mixed worker per day can reach several tons or even ten tons, but this number must be limited by distance. After the port scale is expanded, the logistics will be divided into internal and external layers according to the distribution needs, and each layer will have several layers. Qianligong will be very chaotic to manage, which is not conducive to maintaining stable and high transportation capacity.
We can also learn something from the management model of the station. From the freight yard to the train, hoisting and short-pipe transportation are used to transfer goods in standard containers and bulk cargo carriages. This part of the manpower consumption is not much, and it is only in the freight yard to the outside world. There are more people on this floor.
After the transport capacity is increased, a layer needs to be added in the middle, which requires a lot of tractor work.
This model will also be followed when the port is expanded, divided into wharf hoisting lines, tractor short-distance transportation lines, and outer manpower distribution areas.
Tractors can be purchased in Phoenix Kingdom and Heishui City. Although some people have tried to do so in Pangxun City, they lack industrial supporting facilities and are far less competitive. However, the shipbuilding demand brought about by the large-scale expansion of the port can only be undertaken by Pang Xun, and there are still benefits.
It's not just Pangxuncheng. The surge in logistics flow here will also promote the development of cities along the river upstream and downstream. However, tractors are now in short supply, and the development rate in other areas will be much slower.
Other regions are jealous, so of course they have to find a way.
Obviously, unlike steam engines, which are comparable to animal power in most tasks, internal combustion engines are the future. Even if you want to take more wealth with you when you encounter the demon army, it is necessary to steal a division.
