Chapter 618 Hedong Weiguan
It is said that Zheng Xuan's second question is more open-ended and involves everyone's different perceptions of the "Book of Music". There is no correct answer. Only answers that can impress Zheng Xuan are likely to be approved.
Hedong Wei Ju Wei Bo Xiu was a famous litterateur at that time. He wrote more than a dozen personal works and hundreds of articles. He was also a famous calligrapher at that time. He was good at all kinds of ancient prose, bird seal script, and official cursive script. He was good at everything at that time. Most of the inscriptions are written by him. In terms of writing articles, he is as famous as Pan Xu in the late Jian'an period and Wang Xiang in Huang Chuzhong. In terms of calligraphy, he is as famous as Liang Hu and Wei Dan in the later Han Dynasty.
Among the calligraphers of Cao and Wei who were able to make a name for themselves in later generations, apart from Zhong Yao, only Wei Jian could keep pace with them. He was good at ancient Chinese script, seal script, official script and cursive script. It is said in "Four Body Scripts" that the ancient Chinese script "Shang Shu" written by him was indistinguishable from that of the great calligrapher Handan Chun, and even Handan Chun himself could not identify it. Some people say that he is "good at cursive and ancient writing, and he is as good as the best. The cursive style is thin, but the handwriting is skillful." "It may be an extraordinary talent, or it may be unique and hard to find, and it is worth the price of military cursive calligraphy." There is a saying that "the Zhong school flourished in the south and the Wei school flourished in the north" and "the books of later generations are all from these two schools and can only be called Zhong and Wei", which gave a very high evaluation to the status of Wei's calligraphy.
Therefore, Wei Jian was not willing to be behind others, and used his eyes to signal his heir Wei Guan behind him. Wei Guan was still young at the time, so he had to timidly stand up and answer, but the answer did not satisfy Zheng Xuan completely. Fortunately, Zheng Xuan praised him a few times, so Wei Ji's face was not dull. In fact, Wei Guan is also famous in the official history. In the official history, it was he who arrested Deng Ai together with Zhong Hui, put an end to Zhong Hui's rebellion, ordered Tian Xu to kill Deng Ai and his son, and surrendered to Wuhuan in the east. The West was weak and almost destroyed. He lost all the famous generals in the late Three Kingdoms period, and ultimately made all the achievements of Zhuge Liang's Northern Expedition to the Central Plains wasted. He can be said to be a genius in the world.
Wei Guan, courtesy name Boyu, was a native of Anyi County, Hedong County. Born in a family of Confucian officials, he was an important minister and calligrapher from the late Cao Wei to the early Western Jin Dynasty. He was the son of Cao Wei Shangshu Wei Jian. The great ancestor Wei Hao was a famous Confucian scholar during the reign of Emperor Ming of the Han Dynasty. Due to the influence of his family and the influence of his father's generation, when he was a teenager, Wei Guan was praised by his neighbors, relatives and friends for his "quiet nature, rational nature, and clear knowledge." His father died when he was ten years old, and he honed his ability to be self-reliant from an early age. He inherited the title of Marquis of Zixiang from his late father, and became the Minister of Cao Wei at the age of only twenty.
In the fourth year of Jingyuan, the Cao Wei court sent Wei Guan to supervise the military operations of Deng Ai and Zhong Hui as a military supervisor during the campaign against the Shu Han Dynasty. He acted as General Zhenxi's military division and commanded a thousand troops. After the pacification of Shu, Deng Ai acted arbitrarily. Zhong Hui and Wei Guan secretly reported to General Sima Zhao that Deng Ai was rebelling. Emperor Yuan issued an edict to imprison Deng Ai in a prison car and enter the capital. Zhong Hui used a strategy of killing two birds with one stone. He first sent Wei Guan to Chengdu with a small number of troops to capture Deng Ai, intending to kill him by Deng Ai's hands, and then used Wei Guan's death as one of the evidences of Deng Ai's rebellion.
Wei Guan knew this but could not refuse, so he went to Chengdu. After Wei Guan arrived in Chengdu at night, he sent a message to the generals under Deng Ai, claiming that "I have been ordered to arrest Deng Ai, and the rest will not be held accountable. If you report to the imperial army, your title reward will be the same as before; if you If you dare not come forward, we will kill the three tribes."
When the rooster crowed the next day, Deng Ai's generals rushed to the Weiguan camp. Only Deng Ai was still in the dark and did not come out of the tent. So Wei Guan took the messenger's car and rushed to Deng Ai's residence after sunrise. At this time, Deng Ai was still sleeping, and Deng Ai, Deng Zhong and his son were captured together. Deng Ai sighed to the sky: "I, Deng Ai, am a loyal minister! How could he end up like this! What happened to Bai Qi in the past has happened again today." Deng Ai's cronies planned to rob the prison car and rescue him, and led his troops Arrive at Weiguan Military Camp. Wei Guan came out to greet him in light clothes, pretending to be writing a memorial to defend Deng Ai's case. The generals believed him and stopped their efforts to rescue Deng Ai.
On the 15th day of the first lunar month of the fifth year of Jingyuan, Zhong Hui arrived in Chengdu and decided to rebel. The next day, he invited Hu Lie and other generals and officials to the Shu court on the grounds of Empress Dowager Guo's condolences, took the opportunity to put them under house arrest, and raised troops to rebel. At this time, all the soldiers just wanted to return to the court. There was commotion inside and outside Chengdu, and people were very worried and afraid. Zhong Hui left Wei Guan by his side to discuss the matter, and wrote "I want to kill Hu Lie and others" on a piece of wood to show Wei Guan. Wei Guan refused, and the two began to be suspicious of each other. When Wei Guan went to the toilet, he met Qiu Jian, Hu Lie's original general, and told him to spread the news to the army.
Zhong Hui forced Wei Guan to make a decision. Neither of them could sleep a wink that night. They each fortified themselves layer by layer and held their knives on their knees. The next day, some troops outside the city who had received the news were preparing to attack Zhonghui, but they did not dare to send troops because Wei Guan was still inside. Zhong Hui wanted to order Wei Guan to go out to comfort the armies. Wei Guan planned to take advantage of this opportunity to escape and deliberately told Zhong Hui: "You are the commander of the armies, so you should go by yourself." Zhong Hui said: "You are the supervisor of the army, so you should You go first, I'll be there shortly." Wei Guan then went down to the palace and left. Zhong Hui immediately regretted it and sent someone to call him back.
Wei Guan lied that he was sick and pretended to fall to the ground, refusing to go back to see Zhong Hui. Later, when he arrived outside the city, Zhong Hui sent dozens of his followers to chase him, and Wei Guan drank salt water to make himself vomit. Because Wei Guan was so thin, he looked like he was seriously ill. Zhong Hui's trusted aides and doctors came to see him and they all said that he was seriously ill, so Zhong Hui was not afraid. After the city gates were closed at nightfall, Wei Guan issued a proclamation to announce to all the armies, and all the armies had already called out on their own initiative, agreeing to attack Zhong Hui together the next morning. Zhong Hui led all the soldiers to fight, and the armies outside the city defeated him. Only hundreds of local soldiers in the tent were left to follow Zhong Hui. In the end, everyone was killed. Wei Guan restrained the generals and things calmed down.
The Zhong Hui rebellion had just subsided, and the soldiers from Deng Ai's camp wanted to catch up with the prison car to rescue Deng Ai and welcome him back to Chengdu. Wei Guan thought that he and Zhong Hui had framed Deng Ai together, and worried that something would happen, so he sent the guard Tian Xu to Mianzhu Attacked Deng Ai at Sanzao Pavilion at night and killed Deng Ai and his son. At first, when Deng Ai entered Jiangyou, Tian Xu did not dare to advance. Deng Ai wanted to kill him, but soon he let him go. When Wei Guan sent Tian Xu, he said to him: "You can avenge the humiliation you suffered in Jiangyou." "So Tian Xu finally killed the famous general Deng Ai and his son. It was not until the ninth year of Emperor Wu of Jin Sima Yantai that Deng Ai and his son finally regained their reputation.
Starting from the early years of Taishi, Wei Guan successively held the positions of General of the East and North, and he also served as governor of many states. At that time, there were two main forces in the north, Wuhuan in the east and Tuoba Liwei in the west. Together they harassed the border and harmed the north. Wei Guan planned to drive a wedge between the two tribes, causing discord between them, which led to the surrender of the Wuhuan tribe and the death of Tuoba Liwei due to sorrow. This made the north clean for a while, and the people were able to live and work in peace and contentment.
Wei Guan was a key figure in the Wei School of calligraphy, a family of calligraphers in the Wei and Jin Dynasties, and played a role as a link between the past and the future in this family. Four generations of the Wei family formed a typical calligraphy family during the Wei and Jin Dynasties. During the Three Kingdoms period, Wei Jian was on par with Zhong Yao. After the promotion of Wei Guan, Wei Heng, Mrs. Wei and others in the Jin Dynasty, the Wei family calligraphy family tradition was formed. In this process, Wei Guan inherited the past and connected the future, and Keshao Jiqiu was actually the founder of this calligraphy family.
The influence of Wei's calligraphy school was extremely far-reaching. During the Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties, Wei's calligraphy style affected the whole country. In the south, it affected the Wang family, the Yu family, and the Xi family of the Wei and Jin Dynasties among the four major families; in the north, it affected the Cui family of Qinghe and the Chen Liujiang family, known as the "first famous family in the north." Mrs. Wei and Wang Xizhi's father, Wang Kuang, were middle cousins, so Wang Xizhi had to personally inherit Mrs. Wei's teachings when he was young. From the perspective of the history of calligraphy, Wei Guan and Zhong Yao are both common ancestors of the Northern and Southern calligraphy schools, and their far-reaching influence is indeed extraordinary.
Jiang Wei, Zhong Hui, and Deng Ai, all the famous generals in the middle and late periods of Wei and Shu, all died in the hands of Wei Guan. In the later period of the Three Kingdoms, in terms of strategy and treachery, only the original Prime Minister Cao could rival Wei Guan. In AD 291, the first year of Yuankang, Wei Guan, who was the emperor's master, became the first assistant of the dynasty. Like Prime Minister Cao, he was given the treatment of "going to the palace with swords and shoes, and not following the rules of the dynasty". .
However, Wei Guan's ending was not very good. His entire family was eventually wiped out by Jia Nanfeng, the famous "peerless shrew" in Chinese history. As early as when Emperor Hui of Jin was the crown prince, Wei Guan, as a teacher, was jealous of Emperor Hui of Jin and his wife Jia Nanfeng. And offending Empress Jia, who was good at using power and tactics, naturally led to death.
Chen Long silently read Wei Guan's life in his mind, but he never expected that the timid young man in front of him was actually a figure in official history who could rival Cao Cao's wisdom. He only heard someone volunteering to answer Zheng Xuan's question. He quickly interrupted his thoughts and turned to look. Who on earth has such courage?
If you want to know what happens next, listen to the explanation next time.
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