Chapter 293 Stirring up the storm
Speaking of the small Korean peninsula, it turned out to be a turbulent time. What is extremely surprising is that the three countries of Goguryeo, Silla, and Baekje also produced talents in large numbers around 200 AD. What Chen Long didn't expect was that his trip north would stir up the storm in the entire north. The major warlords were interlocked with each other, and even alarmed the three countries of the Korean Peninsula that seemed to be far away. In fact, the Korean Peninsula, Qingzhou Peninsula, and the main island of Ito Island in Japan are all mainly fishing and hunting at sea. The distance at sea is not far away, and there have been intersections and conflicts for a long time.
Now the information about the unrest in the northern part of the Han Dynasty also spread across the sea and reached the Japanese archipelago, which was still in a semi-agrarian and semi-primitive state.
At that time, there were more than a hundred large tribes in the Japanese archipelago. After a long period of conquest and annexation, there were still about thirty large tribes left. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, they began to declare themselves a country. The names given at that time were very strange, such as Tsuima Kingdom, Moru Kingdom, Minu Kingdom, Ghost Slave Kingdom, Dog Slave Kingdom, etc.
"Three Kingdoms" records that the Japanese liked to drink, which shows that their planting industry was relatively developed at that time and they already had surplus grain to make wine. In Japanese history, this period is called the Yayoi culture. The introduction of Chinese rice to Japan changed the way of life of the Japanese. Some scholars once said: "Rice saved the hungry people on the Japanese archipelago."
They also learned from the Han people to grow other crops, such as flax, and also planted mulberry and raised silkworms. If they had flax, they could weave into coarse cloth; if they had silk, they could also weave into more gorgeous cotton.
"Three Kingdoms·Wei Zhi" specially set up biographies for the Japanese, recording in detail the history of the Japanese society equivalent to the Three Kingdoms period. "The Legend of the Japanese" starts from Guxie Korea in the southern part of the Korean Peninsula, and successively records the overview of a series of small countries in the Japanese archipelago, as well as the customs and habits of the Japanese group.
Judging from the sources of historical data, the content of "The Legend of the Japanese" is by no means based on catch-up rumors or one-sided descriptions of the Japanese themselves. During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Wei established Daifang County on the Korean Peninsula. It had long been responsible for monitoring the movements between the three Koreas and the Japanese countries. The envoys of Daifang County frequently traveled to the Japanese territory and were stationed in Idu and other countries. In the first year of Zhengshi (AD 240), Lieutenant Colonel Wei Tijun of Daifang County was ordered to go to the Japanese islands and consecrate Queen Himihu as the Japanese King. It can be seen that the Cao Wei regime should have relatively accurate information about the Japanese country. The text in "The Legend of the Japanese" is likely to come from the records written by Cao Wei officials after personal investigation. The records more objectively reflect the situation in the Japanese archipelago at that time.
Queen Himiko's deeds to quell the chaos in the Japanese country is a very famous episode in "The Legend of the Japanese". The Japanese Kingdom was originally a loose alliance of small countries such as Tsushima, one branch, Moro, Ito, and Fumi. The center of this union is located in the Kingdom of Yamatai. The Kingdom of Yamatai where Himiko is in power is also called the Queen Kingdom. Before the Himihu period, there were male kings in the Japanese kingdom. Due to the constant wars between various political powers at that time, the Japanese country was in a turbulent situation for a long time. In the end, all countries unanimously elected Queen Hemihu, who had a witchcraft color, to take charge, and the internal affairs of the Japanese country gradually stabilized.
After coming to power, Himihu, on the one hand, set up a "big rate" in the Idu Kingdom that made other countries fearful to supervise all countries; on the other hand, he actively integrated into the East Asian world system built by the Chinese dynasty and received the canonization of the Cao Wei regime. The above-mentioned series of measures in domestic and foreign affairs were quite effective. Himihu not only established its strong leadership position at home, but also gained strong support from the Chinese dynasty when it clashed with other regimes on the Japanese archipelago.
The Gonu Kingdom is located in the south of the Yamatai Kingdom. It has not been included in the Japanese coalition government, and there have been constant conflicts between the two countries. In order to ease this situation, Himihu did not choose to continue to use military means, but turned to Cao Wei for help. In the end, the Cao Wei regime came forward and sent envoys carrying edicts, yellow banners, and slogans to specifically admonish the king of the Gounu Kingdom. The imperial edict represents the highest will of the Chinese emperor, while the imperial edict, as a military document, carries the connotation of military threat.
In fact, Himihu cleverly used the political and military influence of the Cao Wei regime in the East Asian world to suppress the confrontation of the Gonu Kingdom. It was during the process of frequent contact with the Chinese dynasty that the Japanese state continued to grow and develop, gradually evolving from a loose coalition government to a unified country.
Although the Yamatai Kingdom has always regarded men as kings, after six or seventy years of continuous war, they elected Himihu as their queen. Himihu is good at confusing people with ghosts and gods. Although he is very old, he is not married. He only has his younger brother to assist in government affairs. Since Himihu became king, no outsider has ever been able to see her face. Only a thousand ladies and a man who brought food came and went from the palace.
In 238 AD, Beimihu sent an envoy Nanshengmi to meet with Wei Emperor Cao Rui. Emperor Wei gave Himihu a gold seal with purple ribbon engraved with "King to the Japanese King of Wei" and several gifts including hundreds of bronze mirrors. The Yamatai Kingdom had always been at odds with another Gounu Kingdom ruled by a male king, so she specially sent an envoy to the Wei Kingdom again for help. Emperor Wei sent envoys to express support for the Yamatai Kingdom, but the Gounu Kingdom did not seem to care about Emperor Wei's message. Himich died during the long war. The Yamatai Kingdom elected a male as its king, but great chaos arose in the country, so they had no choice but to elect a female "Taiyu" from the Himihu clan as their queen again, and this quelled the civil strife.
In 326 AD, Taiwan and Taiwan once again sent envoys to China. By this time, the Three Kingdoms era had ended, and the Jin Dynasty had taken the dominant position. After that, the Yamatai Kingdom disappeared from Chinese history books.
The seat of the Yamatai Kingdom was located on Kyushu Island in later generations. According to the records of "Book of the Later Han" and "Three Kingdoms", the Japanese Kingdom or the Yamatai Kingdom was located in the northeast of Kyushu Island in the Japanese archipelago. Yamatai is the transliteration of Yamato (Japanese Yamato).
The officials of Yamatai State are divided into seven levels from the central to the local level. The first-level officials of the central government are composed of Dawo, Dasu and Dafu. Dawo manages the market, Dasu is the supervisor who inspects the local area, and Dafu is the governor.
Yamatai's government revenue is made up of grains handed in by households, and its economy is made up of paddy agriculture and handicrafts. Externally, Beimi sent an envoy to Cao Wei, who was granted the title of King of the Japanese in close relationship with Wei, and internally he concentrated on fighting against the Gonu Kingdom. Those small countries that did not accept Yamatai's rule were close to Wu.
In the early days of the Yamatai Kingdom, a male was the king. Due to civil strife, a female king was named Himihu. The Yamatai land was the capital, and she had younger brothers to help govern the country. At this time, the Yamatai Kingdom was actually the leader of more than 30 Japanese countries, and the Queen Himihu Kingdom had relative dominance over other countries.
Himihu once set up a large number of officials in the Idu country to inspect the various countries and collect rent and taxes from other countries under the supervision of the Japanese. After Himihu's death (about 248 years), another male king was established. However, due to dissatisfaction in the country, Hei Mihu's daughter Yiyu was re-established as king, and civil strife began.
At this time, rice cultivation and the use of iron tools had been introduced from China. Residents planted rice and ramie, raised silkworms, planted mulberries, collected flax thread, and made silk brocade and silk silk. Weapons are wooden bows and iron arrowheads. In terms of exchange, it is already a "state-owned city". Society already has distinctions between adults, lower households, slaves, and students. The adults all have four or five wives and are the upper-class rulers, while the lower households have two or three wives. There is an obvious difference in status and respect between the two. But the subordinates are not slaves. The slaves and raw mouths have the nature of slaves.
Yamatai Kingdom had good relations with the Wei Dynasty in the Three Kingdoms era of China, and the two countries had frequent exchanges through Daifang County. Since the second year of Emperor Jingchu of Wei Ming Dynasty (AD 238), the State of Yamatai sent envoys to Wei garrison and Fangjun four times, and at the same time they gave them gifts of life, Japanese brocade, beads, bows and arrows, etc. The State of Wei also sent envoys to the State of Yamatai twice to confer Beimihu the title of King of the Japanese in the Kingdom of Wei. He was given a gold seal and a purple ribbon, and his ministers were given titles such as Leading Shan Zhonglang and General, and presented brocade silk, bronze mirrors, and pearls. wait.
Due to the interaction between Chinese and Japanese cultures, the society, economy, and culture of the Yamatai period experienced great development, and the prototype of writing appeared. China introduced the textile, printing and dyeing technology of Yamatai, which gave rise to various styles of Chinese clothing. ation and diversification trends.
Even according to Yamatai Kingdom in Kinai Yamato and Kyushu, Himiko is the Queen of the Great Han Dynasty.
The Gonu Kingdom is located in the south of the Yamatai-subordinate Slave Kingdom and is the only country that is not affiliated with the Yamatai Kingdom. The king of Gonu Kingdom is named Beimi Gonghu, and the real power of the country is in the hands of an official named Gougu Zhibeigou. The Gonu Kingdom and the Yamatai Kingdom have always been at odds with each other, and there have been constant conflicts between the two countries.
Queen Beimihu of the Yamatai Kingdom sent Zaisi and Wuyue as envoys to Cao Wei in the eighth year of Zhengshi (AD 247) to state the war situation between the two countries, hoping to gain Wei's support. However, Wei Emperor Cao Fang only sent Zhang Zheng, the governor of Cao Cao, to carry the imperial edict and Huang Zhuan to the country to issue edicts to his country, but did not participate in the war. The Gounu Kingdom ignored Wei's edict. After Himiko's death, the war between the two countries continued.
The Gounu Kingdom is located to the south of the Yamatai Kingdom, but because the geographical location of the Yamatai Kingdom is still controversial, the geographical location of the Gounu Kingdom has not been determined. It is generally believed that Inu no Kuni was located in Kikuchi County or Kuma County of Higo Province. Another view is that the Dog Slave Kingdom is the bear attack in the "Nihon Shoki".
After the Gonu Kingdom was suppressed by the Yamatai Kingdom, it was forced to flee eastward, and gradually developed into the later Yamato Kingdom, and gradually formed the later Japan.
The Japanese live in the southeastern sea of Daifang, relying on mountain islands for their country. It takes a long time to sail from the coastal counties to the places where the Japanese live. They have to pass through Korea, go south and east, and then they arrive at a country called Gouxiehan on the north coast of the Japanese. After walking more than 7,000 miles, they reach the Japanese again. The country of horses.
Horses live on a very deep and far island, with more than 400 miles of land in front and back. The land in Horses is very dangerous, with many woods, and the roads in Horses are like the paths used by animals and deer.
From the Kingdom of Horses, we went north and south, and then crossed the sea for more than a thousand miles to the south. We arrived at a Japanese country called Hanhai. Hanhai State has more than 300 miles of land, with many bamboo forests and woods, and more than 3,000 households. There are also planting fields in Hanhai State, but the food grown is not enough for the locals. Crossing another sea, we arrived at the Molu country of the Japanese. There are more than 4,000 households in the Molu country. They live close to the mountains and the sea. The vegetation in the Molu country is very lush. When walking in the Molu country, you can't see it on the road. The people in front like to fish. No matter whether the water is deep or shallow, they dare to go into the water to fish.
Traveling five hundred miles to the southeast, you will find the Yindu Kingdom of the Japanese. The distance between the slave kingdom and Yindu kingdom in the southeast is only a hundred miles, and further south is the Yamatai kingdom, which is the capital of the Japanese queen. At this moment, the Queen is listening to the news from Daifang County.
If you want to know what happens next, listen to the explanation next time.
