Saponification reaction, to put it bluntly, is actually the reaction between oil and strong alkali.
"Qian Jin Yifang" written by Sun Simiao of the Tang Dynasty mentioned several ways of bathing beans.
This is the predecessor of soap.
Among the methods mentioned by Sun Simiao, there was only one that was favored by the Tang Dynasty people who regarded fatness as beauty and whiteness as beauty.
That is a soap that uses white bean flour as the main ingredient, adds five spices: agarwood, nard, white sandalwood, musk, and cloves, then adds white silkworm, atractylodes and other Chinese herbal medicines, and finally adds egg white and pig pancreas.
In fact, it is similar to whitening soap.
Not only can you take a bath, but it can also leave a faint scent on your body.
However, it is not that Duan Wenjun has never thought about this method, but the production process is a bit difficult.
Under the current situation, it would be almost impossible to produce this kind of whitening soap at once.
Therefore, Duan Wenjun chose the most primitive materials and the simplest methods when making soap.
The fat he needs is a mixture of soybean oil and pork, so that the cost can be minimized.
Just because the lard used to make soap cannot be used to remove the fishy smell of lard using Liu Qiang's method, so he added some cloves and cumin to the process to remove the smell.
This is the first step in the entire soap making process.
In order to ensure that the method of making soap would not be spread, Duan Wenjun requested that each process be carried out by only one team, following the method of Duanjia Winery.
The team leader is the foreman of this process and is responsible for the management of the process and communication with the foremans of other processes.
Of course, different processes require different working rooms.
Therefore, from the beginning, Lin Jinglei and the others had divided the recruited workers into groups and selected group leaders.
So, Duan Wenjun led everyone into the first workshop.
Following in, in addition to Lin Jinglei, the four young masters, Yun Batian and Mo Shoucheng, there were also two team leaders responsible for this process.
Under the gaze of everyone, Duan Wenjun first poured the prepared soybean oil into the iron pot, and then started to heat it up.
As the soybean oil in the pot slowly bubbled up from the bottom of the pot, he slowly poured the refined lard into the pot.
As the lard slowly melted, he slowly added the cloves and cumin.
As he was doing it, he explained to the people next to him, "You must be careful. The heat should not be too fast at this time, and the temperature must not be too high. Otherwise, the cloves and fennel will be burned, and the oil in the pot will be basically burned." It will be useless."
Everyone's eyes fell on him.
If he hadn't seen it with his own eyes, who would have believed that the young master of the Duan family, who was so dandy before, would actually be so focused and serious about doing things?
Holding the wooden spatula in his hand, Duan Wenjun kept stirring and observing the changes of the cloves and fennel inside, as if he was afraid of being burnt.
When the lard slowly melted, he poured the hot oil into the drain plug that had been prepared nearby.
The bottom of the leak plug is a groove.
As the mixed oil continues to fall into the groove through the drain plug, cloves and cumin, as well as impurities in the original oil, are left in the drain plug.
Duan Wenjun carefully scooped up the mixed oil and said to everyone, "Don't underestimate this process. If the debris in it is not removed, the soap will be easily lumpy. With these lumps, If it is used for bathing, it will easily cause discomfort; if it is used for washing clothes, especially white clothes, it will easily form some hidden marks and affect the guest's experience."
The refined mixed oil flows along the plug into the groove below, and it has become very clear.
The other end of the groove is connected to a long pipe, leading to the next room.
Lin Jinglei frowned, and finally couldn't help but ask, "Brother Duan, why do you want us to set up such a long pipeline here and send it to the next process? Just transport it in barrels to the next process, isn't it better? Is it easy?"
"Brother Lin, this is a very good question." Duan Wenjun looked at him and showed a bright smile, "Because I need them to cool down a little before they can enter another process."
"Then we can put it in a bucket and wait for him to cool down!" Lin Jinglei came down and disagreed.
Duan Wenjun looked at him and continued, "That's true, but the mixed oil we refined is composed of soybean oil and pork. The specific gravity of these two oils are different and they fused together under high temperature in a short time. If we wait until it cools, there will still be some separation. If we put it in a bucket and it has settled for a long time, the lard will sink slightly and the oil content will be uneven."
"Moreover, if the person carrying the goods waits for a short time or waits for a long time, not only will the grease be uneven, but the temperature will also be different."
"The way we are doing it now seems a bit cumbersome, but the refined mixed oil is continuously sent to the next process, which will definitely be more effective."
As soon as Duan Wenjun finished speaking, Ye Ziqi on the side seemed to understand. He suddenly realized, "Brother Duan, you are so amazing. You can actually say so many truths about such a simple thing."
"Brother Duan, did your god teach you this in your dream?" Luo Yuji also echoed.
Duan Wenjun smiled lightly, but did not answer them.
However, it can be felt that Duan Wenjun's status and image in their hearts are much higher.
The foreman responsible for this process was left here to practice, and Duan Wenjun took a few people to the workshop for the second process.
In the center of the room, many large tanks have been placed.
Moreover, these large tanks are different from ordinary large tanks. There are many small holes next to them with pipes inserted in them. They have been blocked at the moment.
Duan Wenjun asked the foreman in charge of this process to pour several bags of soda ash directly into the large vat, then add water and stir slowly.
There is no refined strong alkali in this world yet, so he can only use soda ash instead.
But what gave him a headache was that the current soda ash was actually not very pure.
After the soda ash melted in the water, many impurities were immediately seen suspended in the melted water.
After he asked the foreman to stir the water in the tank thoroughly, he said, "You will lead people to mix it according to this ratio in the future. After the impurities inside settle down, we will unplug the plugs outside the water tank in turn and put the top The clean water is released and sent to the next process.”
Whether it is the mixed oil in the first process or the alkaline water in the second process, they are all sent to the third workshop. This is also the process that Duan Wenjun values the most.
The most important step in making soap, the saponification reaction, will be completed here.
This time, Duan Wenjun left all the foremen outside and walked in with only Lin Jinglei and others.
