In May of the eleventh year of King Jian of Zhou Dynasty (575 BC), because of Zheng's betrayal of the alliance and the move to join Chu, the furious Duke Li of Jin issued an emergency mobilization order, announcing that he would send troops to attack Zheng, and that he would personally lead the army. Among the eight ministers of the Jin Dynasty, Zuo Xunfeng, a subordinate of the army, was left at home to supervise the spring plowing and stabilize the rear. The new army general Que Ji and the doctor Luan Xiang were ordered to go to the three allies of Qi, Wei and Lu to invite the three countries to send troops to join the attack on Zheng. country. The remaining six ministers: the central army general Luan Shu, the central army Zuo Shixie, the upper army general Que Qi, the upper army general Zuo Zhong Xingyan, the lower army general Han Jue, and the new army general Zuo Quezhi all led their troops and went out with the monarch. Defeat Zheng.
When the Jin army rumbled in, Zheng Chenggong panicked and quickly sent people to his new ally Chu to bring reinforcements, and asked the Chu army to go north to rescue Zheng. After receiving the news of Zheng Guo's request for help, the King of the Chu Communist Party was also determined to go north to fight for hegemony with the Jin State again, striving to defeat the Jin army again in the battle, consolidate the hegemony created by the former monarch King Zhuang, and secure his position as the hegemon.
In June, the Chu Communist King personally led the Chu army to the territory of Zheng. When Duke Li of Jin, who had arrived in Zheng State long ago, learned that the Chu army had arrived, he immediately ordered the Jin army to move forward to find and fight the main force of the Chu army in the wild; near Yanling (Yanling County, Xuchang, Henan), the Jin army The forwards of the Chu and Chu armies encountered each other, and then the main forces of the two armies also approached Yanling in unison, and the war was about to break out.
Before the war started, Duke Li of Jin summoned the six ministers who accompanied the army - the central army general Luan Shu, the central army Zuo Shixie, the upper army general Que Qi, the upper army Zuo Xunyan, the lower army general Han Jue, and the new army Zuo Quezhi (Jin Dynasty). Among the eight ministers of the country, Xun Feng, the subordinate of the lower army, stayed at home, while Que Huan, the new army general, went as envoy to the three kingdoms of Qi, Lu and Wei) and held a pre-war military meeting to discuss the specific plan for the war against Chu.
Before sending troops, the Chinese army's assistant Shixie had persuaded the monarch and ministers not to go to war with Chu immediately, but to maintain the stability of the situation at home and abroad in Jin. However, Duke Li of Jin and the ruling Luan Shu simply rejected Shixie's suggestion. , indicating the attitude of Jin's senior officials towards this matter.
In this pre-war military meeting, Shi Xie still wanted to stop the outbreak of the war, so he proposed to Duke Li of Jin that he should be the envoy to go to the Chu army camp for negotiations, and first stabilize the Chu army's actions, and wait for Que , Luan Yan 'invited' the troops of Qi, Lu, and Wei to arrive, and then used their strong military strength to force Chu to engage in peace talks, that is, to obtain maximum benefits at the minimum cost.
However, Duke Li of Jin and the ruling Luan Shu once again rejected Shi Xie's idea of conserving strength and temporarily avoiding war, but they did not blame Shi Xie too much (to give the old minister face); but members of the Que family and the new army assistants However, he was young and energetic, and relied on the power of the Que family. He looked down on Shi Xie's attitude of "showing weakness and accepting cowardice", so he angrily refuted Shi Xie and retaliated with the battles of Han Yuan, Ji, and Bi. In the story, the commander-in-chief of the Jin army was defeated and fled, or was killed in battle to ridicule Shi Xie; at the same time, he claimed that he would rather die in battle than withdraw his troops and let the shame be added to the Jin country again!
Quezhi's arrogant retorts and accusations made Shixie very helpless. However, for the sake of the unity of the Jin country, he patiently explained to Quezhi that in order to prevent the internal worries of the Jin country (i.e., the families of the ministers and scholars were fighting for power in Jin again). If the internal strife within the country arrives in advance, the Chu State should be left as an external threat) to always alert the kings and ministers of Jin State and maintain a high degree of vigilance to the outside world, so as to prevent internal strife from happening again in the country.
And if the Jin State defeats the last foreign enemy Chu State this time, then all external threats will be eliminated; after the foreign threats disappear, the Jin State's domestic Xiqing families will surely benefit from the power brought by the increasingly powerful Jin State hegemony. , status and interests, initiated internal strife and armed fights within the Jin State, in order to weaken the strength of the political rival families and expand the scope and power of their own families.
Therefore, in Shi Xie's view, it is necessary for the Jin State to deliberately leave some threats from the outside, so as to always alert the ministers to cooperate and be consistent with the outside world, to assist the monarch in always targeting foreign countries, and to always maintain a certain amount of pressure; in this way Under such circumstances, the Jin State will not intensify its internal power struggle due to the lifting of foreign aggression, and the country's interests and vitality will also be exhausted in the struggle.
The reason why Duke Li of Jin did not oppose Shi Xie's opinion in a big way, but simply ignored it, was that he actually understood the inner intention of Shi Xie's suggestion to "temporarily stop the war with Chu". However, based on his personal selfishness, Duke Li of Jin must take advantage of this time. Successful military operations enabled him to defeat the Chu State, establish his own outstanding achievements, enhance his domestic prestige and status, hold on to the hard-won monarchy, and suppress the domineering ministers.
The generals of the Central Army, Luan Shu, the General of the Upper Army, Que Qi, and the Upper Army, Zuo Xunyan, also hoped to defeat the Chu State in one fell swoop, thereby gaining greater military success and increasing their own and their family's capital. Within the Jin State, By expanding their power status and sphere of influence, they will be able to use their expanded strength to seize greater benefits in the future; therefore, Luan Shu, Que Qi, and Xun Yan also came forward to support Duke Li of Jin's decision out of selfish motives - and with the Chu army War is about to begin, and we cannot avoid war and negotiate for peace.
In the end, Shi Xie's good intentions were not understood by everyone. The final result of the pre-war military conference of the Jin State was that they no longer waited for Queji and Luan Xiang to lead the troops of their three allies, Qi, Lu, and Wei. Come to rendezvous, the Jin army will immediately send troops to attack the Chu and Zheng coalition forces arrayed in front of them, in order to maintain the Jin's hegemony and the king's position as the "overlord of the princes".
The kings and ministers of the Jin State here have reached an agreement and are preparing to send troops to attack the coalition forces of Chu and Zheng; the Chu State over there also reacted at the same time - the Chu Communist King wanted to take advantage of the opportunity of the Jin army to fight alone and unite with the Zheng Army. Quickly dispatch troops to attack the Jin army's camp, and use the early morning fog as cover to launch a surprise attack to 'attack the Jin army unprepared'.
In the 11th year of King Jian of Zhou Dynasty (575 BC), June 29th, this day is the end of the month, which is also the "hui day" (a day without moonlight) in the calendar. At that time, the most taboo for military use was to launch operations on the "hui day"; However, in order to take advantage of the dark night and fog cover before dawn, the King of the Chu Communist Party did not hesitate and issued the order to attack before dawn. All three armies of the Chu State were dispatched, and the Zheng Army also participated in the attack as an auxiliary force; Chu and Zheng The coalition forces directly drove the Jin army's camp, intending to break through the Jin army's defensive Luchai in one fell swoop, defeat the Jin army, seize the dominant position in the war for hegemony, and maintain the stability and strength of the Chu-Zheng alliance.
When the Chu army came to attack, Jin Ligong also led his ministers to prepare for the battle. They were ready to send troops to counterattack at any time. At this time, the new army commander Zhizhi made a speech in front of Jin Ligong and the ministers. The "Six Defeats of the Chu Army" argument analyzed in detail the six combat weaknesses of the Chu Army, and believed that the Jin Army could not avoid the war conservatively, but must seize the initiative on the battlefield, attack first, and attack the Chu Army with all its strength. It would definitely defeat the Chu Army, which was strong on the outside and in the inside. military.
When Quezhi faced Duke Li of Jin, Luan Shu and other ministers in the big tent, he made an impassioned speech and requested to go to war. The son of the Chinese army's Zuo Shixie, who advocated "avoiding war", accompanied his father on the expedition and served as a young doctor of the Chinese army. The person Jie (the future ruler of the Jin State, the 14th military general and the ruling official of the Jin State) could not restrain himself. Even though he was young and impulsive, he also took the initiative to offer advice to Duke Li and Luan Shu of Jin, requesting the general The wells in the military camp were filled up and the stoves were leveled to expand the combat area of one's own military vehicles. They lined up their vehicles in the military camp to face the confrontation with the Chu army. The soldiers also threatened that Jin and Chu were both under the influence of Haotian. Blessing, they are all big and upright countries, there is no need to shrink back or fear the Chu army!
Seeing that his son was so smart that he jumped out to make suggestions for this crucial battle without his own consent. Shi Xie who was standing aside was immediately furious. He was worried that a young and incompetent scholar with no city government would show off his cleverness in front of the king and ministers. , being in the limelight will allow some people with ulterior motives (political opponents) to take the opportunity to cause trouble, frame up, and ultimately harm the Shi (Fan) family.
Therefore, in order to teach the frivolous and impulsive Shi Xie a profound lesson and prevent him from doing such stupid things in the future, Shi Xie suddenly got angry and acted like he was "furious". The ceremonial bronze sword used in the tent as a guard of honor for the monarch when traveling, turned the spear point, pointed the wooden sword pole at the soldier standing in the big tent, and slapped him. While whipping the soldier, he scolded the soldier for being a young brat, don't do it in the tent. This is nonsense, get out now!
The soldier who was in high spirits was caught off guard and received a violent blow from his father. Although he felt aggrieved, he never dared to openly disagree with his father or talk back to him. He could only flee in embarrassment from the big tent with his head in his arms. Go out and don't dare to talk anymore.
And Shi Xie's public quarrel eliminated the hidden troubles on Shi Xie - even if the Jin army failed in the battle with the Chu army today, the monarch and other ministers could not dismiss the defeat on the grounds that it was Shi Xie's idea. The blame for all the crimes was placed on young Shi Xie, and the Shi family would not be implicated; this was Shi Xie's political wisdom, and as a younger generation, Shi Xie had to learn from it.
Although Shi Xie drove Shi Gai out of the big tent and tried his best to eliminate the hidden troubles in him, the suggestion Shi Gai made to the monarch before was indeed a good idea; therefore, Duke Li of Jin still adopted Shi Gai's strategy and ordered The wells and stoves in the camp were filled with earth and rocks, clearing a large open space, and then the military chariots were arrayed on the spot so that the Chu army had no chance to take advantage.
On June 29, the eleventh year of King Jian of the Zhou Dynasty (575 BC), when the sky was dimming, the armies of Chu and Zheng rode in the hazy fog and approached outside the Jin army's camp, preparing to launch an attack; The third outdoor battle between Jin and Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period - the Battle of Yanling - is about to begin.
Before the war started, in order to better observe the movements in the Jin army's camp, the King of the Chu Communist Party boarded the chao chariot (lookout car) and looked at the inside of the Jin army's camp from a high place in order to make corresponding command orders.
In order to better help the monarch make a correct judgment, the former Jin Dynasty official and current Chu Dynasty Grand Prime Minister Bo Zhouli (the one introduced in the previous article - who was framed and committed suicide by San Que) fled from Jin to Chu. The son of Bo Zong, a senior official of the Jin Dynasty, also boarded the chariot at the order of Yin Zizhong and stood behind the King of the Communist Party of Chu, so as to receive consultation from the King of the Communist Party of Chu and answer questions for the King of the Communist Party of Chu at any time.
The King of the Communist Party of Chu on the chariot was carefully asking Bo Zhouli beside him about various military arrangements in the Jin army camp opposite. In the Jin army camp, there was also a former Chu king next to Jin Ligong. A state minister and now a senior official of the Jin State is providing Duke Li of Jin with information about the Chu army. He is Emperor Miao Ben, the son of the former Chu State Commander Yin Dou Yuejiao.
At first, Dou Yuejiao, the head of the Ruo'ao family in the Chu State, raised his troops to rebel, but was quickly put down by King Zhuang of Chu. Dou Yuejiao died, and the Ruo'ao family was almost wiped out. When the family was destroyed, the young Emperor Douben took advantage of the chaos to escape from the Chu State and took refuge in the Jin State. It was Jin Jinggong who took Emperor Douben in and gave him the fiefdom of Miao Yi; so Emperor Douben went to the Jin State. Later he changed his name to Emperor Miao Ben.
Because of the blood feud between his family and the Chu royal family, Emperor Miao Ben was no longer at odds with his original mother country Chu. In order to fulfill his desire for revenge, Emperor Miao Ben came on the order of Duke Li of Jin to introduce and analyze the military affairs of the Chu army to Duke Li of Jin. When he was about to move, he explained in detail to Duke Li of Jin the formation of the Chu army on the opposite side, the combat effectiveness of the soldiers, and the coordination of the three armies based on his own experience and observations. He also personally observed the Chu army in the chariot on the opposite side. Duke Li of Jin was also informed of the situation in the Jin army's camp, and then pointed out the location of the attendants around the King of the Communist Party of Chu. He strongly requested Duke Li of Jin to send heavy troops to besiege the place where the king of the Chu army was (that is, he pointed out the location of the King of the Communist Party of Chu himself, for convenience The Jin army next focused on the Chu Communist King himself).
After listening to Emperor Miao Ben's analysis and suggestions on the prospects of fighting the Chu army, Duke Li of Jin ordered his army to come and make divinations for the prospects of the battle, in order to ask about good or bad luck.
Taishi, following the order of Duke Li of Jin, threw yarrow and made hexagrams, and after some calculations, he got the hexagrams of 'Fu Gua' and 'Da Ji'. The lines read: "The relative of the Southern Kingdom, shoot the king of Yuan Zhongjue." "That is to say - in this battle, the territory of the hostile countries in the south will be reduced, and their kings will also be injured in the war and shot in the eye.
After listening to Taishi's explanation of the lines, Duke Li of Jin no longer had any worries, so he safely adopted the strategy proposed by Shi Gai and Emperor Miao Ben, and ordered the main force of the Jinzhong Army to take a detour out of the camp to avoid the swamp mud in front of the camp. On the ground, they launched an attack from the flanks on the left and right armies of Chu and the attached Zheng army, and the upper, lower and new armies of Jin besieged the king of Chu's central army where the Chu Communist King was.
When the main force of the Jinzhong Army was ordered to leave the camp and launch a battle against the Chu Army from both wings, the King of the Chu Communist Party quickly discovered from the high chariot that the Jin Army had begun to attack the two wings of his own army; therefore, the Chu Army The King of the Communist Party personally led the Chu Central Army to attack the Jin Army's camp, in an attempt to take the lead in sending troops to defeat the Jin Army before the Jin Army attacked the two wings of the Chu Army, seizing the initiative on the battlefield and winning the final victory.
In order to boost the morale of the entire army, when the Chu army reached the main camp of the Jin army, Duke Li of Jin also went out to fight in person, setting an example for the generals and the entire army. Under the leadership of Duke Li of Jin, the soldiers of the public house They and the private soldiers of the Luan family, Fan family and other Qingshi families also followed the monarch to fight and launched a charge in the direction of Chu Zhongjun.
As for the course of the war that followed, in my previous articles - "A relative from the Southern Kingdom shot his Yuan King in the eye - Wei Qi Yan's arrow shot at the Chu Communist King" and "A corpse shrouded in horse leather, strong and strong - the last battle of the veteran Wei Qi", It has been explained and introduced to you many times, so I won’t repeat it here.
In short, in the battle between Jin and Chu Yanling, the Jin army had a slight upper hand. The new Jin army Zuo Quezhi and the lower army general Han Jue both perfectly demonstrated their aristocratic demeanor in the battle, and also won praise from their opponents, establishing the Military merit; as for the Chu and Zheng coalition forces, Zheng Chenggong, who went into battle in person, was almost captured by Han Jue. His chariot on the right, Tang Gou, died heroically in order to protect the monarch from danger; in addition, the King of the Chu Communist Party was shot in the eye by Wei Qi, Gongzi Qi, the general of the Chu Right Army and the son of the Chu Communist King, was also captured by the Jin army. The Chu and Zheng coalition forces suffered heavy losses.
However, during the battle, Wei Qi, a senior officer and veteran of the Jin army, also shot and wounded the queen of the Chu Communist Party. In the subsequent battle with the young general of the Chu army, Adopted Youji, Adopted Youji seized the opportunity and shot He was shot through the neck and died in battle. The morale of the Jin army was hit a bit, and their fighting spirit was slightly dampened. But in terms of the overall combat situation, the Jin army is still superior to the Chu and Zheng coalition forces.
The battle began in the early morning of June 29th and continued until the dusk of that day. This unprecedentedly fierce battle for hegemony did not end until the starry sky was full. After a day of fierce fighting, the Jin army and Chu and Zheng The coalition forces were exhausted and unable to fight anymore, and their soldiers suffered heavy casualties.
When night fell completely, because there was no moonlight (it was the darkest day at the end of the month), the two sides could no longer fight. The commanders of both sides, Duke Li of Jin and King Gong of Chu, reluctantly ordered their armies to follow. Stop the troops on the battlefield and retreat to your own camp to rest for a while, and then start the battle again after dawn tomorrow.
But just after the truce returned to camp, the commander-in-chief of Chuzhong Army, Sima Zigui, fulfilled his duties and sent a large number of military officials, medical officers, and logistics personnel to diagnose and treat the wounded overnight and repair damaged tanks. The reorganization was canceled due to excessive combat attrition. After organizing the soldiers in a messy manner, feeding the horses that had been fighting for a day, and other pre-war preparations, they were already sleepy and exhausted, so they accepted the wine offered by the servant Gu Yangshu. After drinking it, they relaxed their body and mind a little, so they went to bed early. He went to sleep peacefully in order to recover the excessive energy and physical strength lost during the day's fighting.
As for the Jin army, after Duke Li of Jin ordered a truce, he also took the time to hold an emergency military meeting with the Jin generals to prepare for the next day's war. At that time, Luan Shu, the general of the Central Jin Army, asked Duke Li of Jin to order the prisoners of war captured by the Chu Army during the day to be placed near the elite troops of the Jin Army that had been prepared long ago, and then asked the Jin Army soldiers to speak loudly and pretend to 'discuss' the future of the war tomorrow. However, the guards of the Jin army, who had been notified in advance, pretended that supervision was not strict and allowed the Chu prisoners of war to escape in the middle of the night and run back to the Chu camp, passing the false news to the King of the Chu Communist Party and the Chu generals.
When the King of the Communist Party of Chu received the "military information" reported to him by the prisoners of war of the Chu army who ran back that "the elite combat power of the Jin army is high and will continue to launch a fierce attack tomorrow," the worried King of the Communist Party of Chu immediately sent someone to summon the son. Chong, Zifan, Zixi and other generals of the three armies came together to discuss countermeasures.
It happened that at this time, Sima Zifan had already drunk and began to sleep soundly. When the messenger from the King of the Communist Party of Chu came to tell Zifan to go to the camp to discuss military affairs, Zifan fell into a deep sleep and could not wake up no matter how hard he shouted. In desperation, the envoy could only quickly return to the main tent and report the matter to the King of the Communist Party of Chu.
Originally, they wanted to hold an emergency military meeting to discuss how to deal with the Jin army's attack tomorrow, but as the commander-in-chief of the Chinese army, Sima Zifan was absent from the meeting due to drunkenness, causing the military meeting to abort. Faced with this unfavorable sign, the King of the Communist Party of Chu believed that without Haotian's help in this battle, the gods would also let Chu suffer defeat, and he could no longer wait here!
Therefore, the King of the Communist Party of Chu made a decisive decision. Before the Chu army suffered a heavy defeat, he immediately changed his plan to continue fighting with the Jin army. He ordered the entire army to break camp immediately and withdraw troops overnight to avoid the aggressive offensive momentum of the Jin army.
The Chu army retreated quickly and covertly, and did not alarm the Jin army on the opposite side at all. It was not until the early morning of the next day that the Jin army was ready for battle and opened the door to form their formation. Only then was they surprised to find that the Chu army on the opposite side had already After retreating overnight, even the original garrison barracks were deserted.
After learning the news that the Chu army had withdrawn, the surprised Jinzhong Army General Luan Shu hurriedly reported to Duke Li of Jin who had just woken up, saying that the Chu army had withdrawn for some reason. At first, Duke Li of Jin was still hesitant and did not dare to relax. He was wary, thinking that this was a deliberate trick by the Chu State to lure the Jin army into being fooled. Therefore, Duke Li of Jin asked Luan Shu, Shi Xie, Que Qi, Xun Yan and others to send military spies to the vicinity of the Chu army's camp to identify the enemy. Authenticity.
After the scouts who went out to conduct reconnaissance confirmed that the Chu army had really taken the initiative to break away from contact with the Jin army and had withdrawn their troops and returned home, the anxious Duke Li of Jin was overjoyed and immediately ordered Luan Shu to send troops to occupy Chu. Later, Duke Li of Jin personally led the main force of the Jin army to camp in the Chu army's camp. He also collected all the food that the Chu army had no time to take away when retreating as his own spoils, and asked the soldiers to dig stoves and light fires in the Chu camp. He ate the rations left by the Chu army for three days in a row to celebrate the final and comprehensive victory in the battle against Chu.
And with the Chu Communist King taking the initiative to withdraw his troops, and Jin Li Gong's "eating Chu millet", the last outdoor battle between Jin and Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period - the "Battle of Yanling", was so inexplicable and full of meaning. The curtain fell on the earth. In May of the eleventh year of King Jian of Zhou Dynasty (575 BC), because of Zheng's betrayal of the alliance and the move to join Chu, the furious Duke Li of Jin issued an emergency mobilization order, announcing that he would send troops to attack Zheng, and that he would personally lead the army. Among the eight ministers of the Jin Dynasty, Zuo Xunfeng, a subordinate of the army, was left at home to supervise the spring plowing and stabilize the rear. The new army general Que Ji and the doctor Luan Xiang were ordered to go to the three allies of Qi, Wei and Lu to invite the three countries to send troops to join the attack on Zheng. country. The remaining six ministers: the central army general Luan Shu, the central army Zuo Shixie, the upper army general Que Qi, the upper army general Zuo Zhong Xingyan, the lower army general Han Jue, and the new army general Zuo Quezhi all led their troops and went out with the monarch. Defeat Zheng.
When the Jin army rumbled in, Zheng Chenggong panicked and quickly sent people to his new ally Chu to bring reinforcements, and asked the Chu army to go north to rescue Zheng. After receiving the news of Zheng Guo's request for help, the King of the Chu Communist Party was also determined to go north to fight for hegemony with the Jin State again, striving to defeat the Jin army again in the battle, consolidate the hegemony created by the former monarch King Zhuang, and secure his position as the hegemon.
In June, the Chu Communist King personally led the Chu army to the territory of Zheng. When Duke Li of Jin, who had arrived in Zheng State long ago, learned that the Chu army had arrived, he immediately ordered the Jin army to move forward to find and fight the main force of the Chu army in the wild; near Yanling (Yanling County, Xuchang, Henan), the Jin army The forwards of the Chu and Chu armies encountered each other, and then the main forces of the two armies also approached Yanling in unison, and the war was about to break out.
Before the war started, Duke Li of Jin summoned the six ministers who accompanied the army - the central army general Luan Shu, the central army Zuo Shixie, the upper army general Que Qi, the upper army Zuo Xunyan, the lower army general Han Jue, and the new army Zuo Quezhi (Jin Dynasty). Among the eight ministers of the country, Xun Feng, the subordinate of the lower army, stayed at home, while Que Huan, the new army general, went as envoy to the three kingdoms of Qi, Lu and Wei) and held a pre-war military meeting to discuss the specific plan for the war against Chu.
Before sending troops, the Chinese army's assistant Shixie had persuaded the monarch and ministers not to go to war with Chu immediately, but to maintain the stability of the situation at home and abroad in Jin. However, Duke Li of Jin and the ruling Luan Shu simply rejected Shixie's suggestion. , indicating the attitude of Jin's senior officials towards this matter.
In this pre-war military meeting, Shi Xie still wanted to stop the outbreak of the war, so he proposed to Duke Li of Jin that he should be the envoy to go to the Chu army camp for negotiations, and first stabilize the Chu army's actions, and wait for Que , Luan Yan 'invited' the troops of Qi, Lu, and Wei to arrive, and then used their strong military strength to force Chu to engage in peace talks, that is, to obtain maximum benefits at the minimum cost.
However, Duke Li of Jin and the ruling Luan Shu once again rejected Shi Xie's idea of conserving strength and temporarily avoiding war, but they did not blame Shi Xie too much (to give the old minister face); but members of the Que family and the new army assistants However, he was young and energetic, and relied on the power of the Que family. He looked down on Shi Xie's attitude of "showing weakness and accepting cowardice", so he angrily refuted Shi Xie and retaliated with the battles of Han Yuan, Ji, and Bi. In the story, the commander-in-chief of the Jin army was defeated and fled, or was killed in battle to ridicule Shi Xie; at the same time, he claimed that he would rather die in battle than withdraw his troops and let the shame be added to the Jin country again!
Quezhi's arrogant retorts and accusations made Shixie very helpless. However, for the sake of the unity of the Jin country, he patiently explained to Quezhi that in order to prevent the internal worries of the Jin country (i.e., the families of the ministers and scholars were fighting for power in Jin again). If the internal strife within the country arrives in advance, the Chu State should be left as an external threat) to always alert the kings and ministers of Jin State and maintain a high degree of vigilance to the outside world, so as to prevent internal strife from happening again in the country.
And if the Jin State defeats the last foreign enemy Chu State this time, then all external threats will be eliminated; after the foreign threats disappear, the Jin State's domestic Xiqing families will surely benefit from the power brought by the increasingly powerful Jin State hegemony. , status and interests, initiated internal strife and armed fights within the Jin State, in order to weaken the strength of the political rival families and expand the scope and power of their own families.
Therefore, in Shi Xie's view, it is necessary for the Jin State to deliberately leave some threats from the outside, so as to always alert the ministers to cooperate and be consistent with the outside world, to assist the monarch in always targeting foreign countries, and to always maintain a certain amount of pressure; in this way Under such circumstances, the Jin State will not intensify its internal power struggle due to the lifting of foreign aggression, and the country's interests and vitality will also be exhausted in the struggle.
The reason why Duke Li of Jin did not oppose Shi Xie's opinion in a big way, but simply ignored it, was that he actually understood the inner intention of Shi Xie's suggestion to "temporarily stop the war with Chu". However, based on his personal selfishness, Duke Li of Jin must take advantage of this time. Successful military operations enabled him to defeat the Chu State, establish his own outstanding achievements, enhance his domestic prestige and status, hold on to the hard-won monarchy, and suppress the domineering ministers.
The generals of the Central Army, Luan Shu, the General of the Upper Army, Que Qi, and the Upper Army, Zuo Xunyan, also hoped to defeat the Chu State in one fell swoop, thereby gaining greater military success and increasing their own and their family's capital. Within the Jin State, By expanding their power status and sphere of influence, they will be able to use their expanded strength to seize greater benefits in the future; therefore, Luan Shu, Que Qi, and Xun Yan also came forward to support Duke Li of Jin's decision out of selfish motives - and with the Chu army War is about to begin, and we cannot avoid war and negotiate peace.
In the end, Shi Xie's good intentions were not understood by everyone. The final result of the pre-war military conference of the Jin State was that they no longer waited for Queji and Luan Xiang to lead the troops of their three allies, Qi, Lu, and Wei. Come to rendezvous, the Jin army will immediately send troops to attack the Chu and Zheng coalition forces arrayed in front of them, in order to maintain the Jin's hegemony and the king's position as the "overlord of the princes".
The kings and ministers of the Jin State here have reached an agreement and are preparing to send troops to attack the coalition forces of Chu and Zheng; the Chu State over there also reacted at the same time - the Chu Communist King wanted to take advantage of the opportunity of the Jin army to fight alone and unite with the Zheng Army. Quickly dispatch troops to attack the Jin army's camp, and use the early morning fog as cover to launch a surprise attack to 'attack the Jin army unprepared'.
In the 11th year of King Jian of Zhou Dynasty (575 BC), June 29th, this day is the end of the month, which is also the "hui day" (a day without moonlight) in the calendar. At that time, the most taboo for military use was to launch operations on the "hui day"; However, in order to take advantage of the dark night and fog cover before dawn, the King of the Chu Communist Party did not hesitate and issued the order to attack before dawn. All three armies of the Chu State were dispatched, and the Zheng Army also participated in the attack as an auxiliary force; Chu and Zheng The coalition forces directly drove the Jin army's camp, intending to break through the Jin army's defensive Luchai in one fell swoop, defeat the Jin army, seize the dominant position in the war for hegemony, and maintain the stability and strength of the Chu-Zheng alliance.
When the Chu army came to attack, Jin Ligong also led his ministers to prepare for the battle. They were ready to send troops to counterattack at any time. At this time, the new army commander Zhizhi made a speech in front of Jin Ligong and the ministers. The "Six Defeats of the Chu Army" argument analyzed in detail the six combat weaknesses of the Chu Army, and believed that the Jin Army could not avoid the war conservatively, but must seize the initiative on the battlefield, attack first, and attack the Chu Army with all its strength. It would definitely defeat the Chu Army, which was strong on the outside and in the inside. military.
When Quezhi faced Duke Li of Jin, Luan Shu and other ministers in the big tent, he made an impassioned speech and requested to go to war. The son of the Chinese army's Zuo Shixie, who advocated "avoiding war", accompanied his father on the expedition and served as a young doctor of the Chinese army. The person Jie (the future ruler of the Jin State, the 14th military general and the ruling official of the Jin State) could not restrain himself. Even though he was young and impulsive, he also took the initiative to offer advice to Duke Li and Luan Shu of Jin, requesting the general The wells in the military camp were filled up and the stoves were leveled to expand the combat area of one's own military vehicles. They lined up their vehicles in the military camp to face the confrontation with the Chu army. The soldiers also threatened that Jin and Chu were both under the influence of Haotian. Blessing, they are all big and upright countries, there is no need to shrink back or fear the Chu army!
Seeing that his son was so smart that he jumped out to make suggestions for this crucial battle without his own consent. Shi Xie who was standing aside was immediately furious. He was worried that a young and incompetent scholar with no city government would show off his cleverness in front of the king and ministers. , being in the limelight will allow some people with ulterior motives (political opponents) to take the opportunity to cause trouble, frame up, and eventually harm the Shi (Fan) family.
Therefore, in order to teach the frivolous and impulsive Shi Xie a profound lesson and prevent him from doing such stupid things in the future, Shi Xie suddenly got angry and acted like he was "furious". The ceremonial bronze sword used in the tent as a guard of honor for the monarch when traveling, turned the spear point, pointed the wooden sword pole at the soldier standing in the big tent, and slapped him. While whipping the soldier, he scolded the soldier for being a young brat, don't do it in the tent. This is nonsense, get out now!
The soldier who was in high spirits was caught off guard and received a violent blow from his father. Although he felt aggrieved, he never dared to openly disagree with his father or talk back to him. He could only flee in embarrassment from the big tent with his head in his arms. Go out and don't dare to talk anymore.
And Shi Xie's public quarrel eliminated the hidden troubles on Shi Xie - even if the Jin army failed in the battle with the Chu army today, the monarch and other ministers could not dismiss the defeat on the grounds that it was Shi Xie's idea. The blame for all the crimes was placed on young Shi Xie, and the Shi family would not be implicated; this was Shi Xie's political wisdom, and as a younger generation, Shi Xie had to learn from it.
Although Shi Xie drove Shi Gai out of the big tent and tried his best to eliminate the hidden troubles in him, the suggestion Shi Gai made to the monarch before was indeed a good idea; therefore, Duke Li of Jin still adopted Shi Gai's strategy and ordered The wells and stoves in the camp were filled with earth and rocks, clearing a large open space, and then the military chariots were arrayed on the spot so that the Chu army had no chance to take advantage.
On June 29, the eleventh year of King Jian of Zhou Dynasty (575 BC), when the sky was dimming, the armies of Chu and Zheng rode in the hazy fog and approached outside the Jin army's camp, preparing to launch an attack; The third outdoor battle between Jin and Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period - the Battle of Yanling - is about to begin.
Before the war started, in order to better observe the movements in the Jin army's camp, the king of the Chu Communist Party boarded the chao chariot (lookout car) and looked at the inside of the Jin army's camp from a high place in order to make corresponding command orders.
In order to better help the monarch make a correct judgment, the former Jin Dynasty official and current Chu Dynasty Grand Prime Minister Bo Zhouli (the one introduced in the previous article - who was framed and committed suicide by San Que) fled from Jin to Chu. The son of Bo Zong, a senior official of the Jin Dynasty, also boarded the chariot at the order of Yin Zizhong and stood behind the King of Chu to accept the King of Chu's consultation and answer questions for the King of Chu at any time.
The King of the Communist Party of Chu on the chariot was carefully asking Bo Zhouli beside him about various military dispatch issues in the Jin army camp opposite. In the Jin army camp, there was also a former Chu king next to Jin Ligong. A state minister and now a senior official of the Jin State is providing Duke Li of Jin with information about the Chu army. He is Emperor Miao Ben, the son of the former Chu State Commander Yin Dou Yuejiao.
At first, Dou Yuejiao, the head of the Ruo'ao family in Chu State, raised his troops to rebel, but was quickly put down by the King of Chuzhuang. Dou Yuejiao died, and the Ruo'ao family was almost wiped out. When the family was destroyed, the young Emperor Douben took advantage of the chaos to escape from the Chu State and took refuge in the Jin State. It was Jin Jinggong who took Emperor Douben in and gave him the fiefdom of Miao Yi; so Emperor Douben went to the Jin State. Later he changed his name to Emperor Miao Ben.
Because of the blood feud between his family and the Chu royal family, Emperor Miao Ben was no longer at odds with his original mother country Chu. In order to fulfill his desire for revenge, Emperor Miao Ben came on the order of Duke Li of Jin to introduce and analyze the military affairs of the Chu army to Duke Li of Jin. When he was about to move, he explained in detail to Duke Li of Jin the formation of the Chu army on the opposite side, the combat effectiveness of the soldiers, and the coordination of the three armies based on his own experience and observations. He also personally observed the Chu army in the chariot on the opposite side. Duke Li of Jin was also informed of the situation in the Jin army's camp, and then pointed out the location of the attendants around the King of the Communist Party of Chu. He strongly requested Duke Li of Jin to send heavy troops to besiege the place where the king of the Chu army was (that is, he pointed out the location of the King of the Communist Party of Chu himself, for convenience The Jin army next focused on the Chu Communist King himself).
After listening to Emperor Miao Ben's analysis and suggestions on the prospects of fighting the Chu army, Duke Li of Jin ordered his army to come and make divinations for the prospects of the battle, in order to ask about good or bad luck.
Taishi, following the order of Duke Li of Jin, threw yarrow and made hexagrams, and after some calculations, he got the hexagrams of 'Fu Gua' and 'Da Ji'. The lines read: "The relative of the Southern Kingdom, shoot the king of Yuan Zhongjue." "That is to say - in this battle, the territory of the hostile countries in the south will be reduced, and their kings will also be injured in the war and shot in the eye.
After listening to Taishi's explanation of the lines, Duke Li of Jin no longer had any worries, so he safely adopted the strategy proposed by Shi Gai and Emperor Miao Ben, and ordered the main force of the Jinzhong Army to take a detour out of the camp to avoid the swamp mud in front of the camp. On the ground, they launched an attack from the flanks on the left and right armies of Chu and the attached Zheng army, and the upper, lower and new armies of Jin besieged the king of Chu's central army where the Chu Communist King was.
When the main force of the Jinzhong Army was ordered to leave the camp and launch a battle against the Chu Army from both wings, the King of the Chu Communist Party quickly discovered from the high chariot that the Jin Army had begun to attack the two wings of his own army; therefore, the Chu Army The King of the Communist Party personally led the Chu Central Army to attack the Jin Army's camp, in an attempt to take the lead in sending troops to defeat the Jin Army before the Jin Army attacked the two wings of the Chu Army, seizing the initiative on the battlefield and winning the final victory.
In order to boost the morale of the entire army, when the Chu army reached the main camp of the Jin army, Duke Li of Jin also went out to fight in person, setting an example for the generals and the entire army. Under the leadership of Duke Li of Jin, the soldiers of the public house They and the private soldiers of the Luan family, Fan family and other Qingshi families also followed the monarch to fight and launched a charge in the direction of Chu Zhongjun.
As for the course of the war that followed, in my previous articles - "A relative from the Southern Kingdom shot his Yuan King in the eye - Wei Qi Yan's arrow shot at the Chu Communist King" and "A corpse shrouded in horse leather, strong and strong - the last battle of the veteran Wei Qi", It has been explained and introduced to you many times, so I won’t repeat it here.
In short, in the battle between Jin and Chu Yanling, the Jin army had a slight upper hand. The new Jin army Zuo Quezhi and the lower army general Han Jue both perfectly demonstrated their aristocratic demeanor in the battle, and also won praise from their opponents, establishing the Military merit; as for the Chu and Zheng coalition forces, Zheng Chenggong, who went into battle in person, was almost captured by Han Jue. His chariot on the right, Tang Gou, died heroically in order to protect the monarch from danger; in addition, the King of the Chu Communist Party was shot in the eye by Wei Qi, Gongzi Qi, the general of the Chu Right Army and the son of the Chu Communist King, was also captured by the Jin army. The Chu and Zheng coalition forces suffered heavy losses.
However, during the battle, Wei Qi, a senior officer and veteran of the Jin army, also shot and wounded the queen of the Chu Communist Party. In the subsequent battle with the young general of the Chu army, Adopted Youji, Adopted Youji seized the opportunity and shot He was shot through the neck and died in battle. The morale of the Jin army was hit a bit, and the fighting spirit was slightly dampened. But in terms of the overall combat situation, the Jin army is still superior to the Chu and Zheng coalition forces.
Fighting from the early morning of June 29th to the dusk of the day, until the stars were full, this unprecedented fierce battle was not over; after a day of fierce battle, Jin Jun, Chu, Zheng Zheng, Zheng Zheng, Zheng Zheng, Zheng Zheng, Zheng Zheng and Zheng Zheng The coalition forces have reached the point of exhaustion, unable to fight again, and the casualties of soldiers are very heavy.
When the night comes completely, because there is no moonlight (the day was a bad day at the end of the month), the two sides could not fight again. Still the battlefield, withdraw the camp for a little rest, and wait until the dawn will start again.
But after the off -war returning to the camp, the general Chu Zhongzhu and Sima Zi were performing their duties. After preparing a messy soldier, a horses who fed the battle for a day, etc., after pre -war preparations, because they were already trapped and exhausted, they accepted the martial arts of servant Gu Yang, soothing the body and mind after drinking. Di'an was sleeping to restore too much energy and physical strength when fighting during the day.
In terms of the Jin Army, after ordering the suspension, Jin Ligong also hurriedly held an emergency military conference with the Jin Kingdom's generals to prepare for the next day of the war. At that time, the Jin Central Army invited Jin Li Gong to order to set up the Chu Jun prison prisoners captured during the day near the Jin Army elite troops who had been prepared long ago, and then let the Jin army speak loudly and falsely 'discussing the war tomorrow' war. Preparation; and the Jinjun guards who were notified in advance, then pretended that the supervision was not strict, so that the prisoners of war in charge of Chu Jun escaped and ran back to Chuying in the middle of the night, and passed the false news to the generals of Chu and Chu.
When King Chu Communist Party got the "Jin Army's elite combat power of the Jin Army, the" Jin Army "reported to themselves, and after tomorrow, he would continue to launch a fierce attack '" military situation ". The three armies of the three armies such as heavy, anti -anti, and Zixi came to discuss countermeasures together.
Coincidentally, Sima Zi began to sleep because he had drank. When the messenger of the King of Chu Communist Party came to the camp to discuss military affairs, Zi Anti Skill was sleeping, and he shouted that he couldn't wake up; In desperation, the messenger could only return to the big account quickly and report the matter to King Chu.
Originally, I wanted to hold an emergency military meeting to discuss how to deal with the attack on the Jin army tomorrow, but Sima Zi, the commander of the Chinese army, was absent from the meeting due to drunk, which led to a miscarriage of military conferences. Faced with this unfavorable sign, King Chu of the Communist Party of China believed that the battle was not helped by Haotian, and the gods had to make the Chu country fail, and they could not wait here again!
Therefore, the King of Chu Communist Party made a decision. Before the Chu army failed to fail, he immediately changed his plan to continue to fight against the Jin Army. He ordered the entire army to remove the camp and withdraw the army overnight to avoid the aggressive attack of the Jin army.
The retreat of the Chu army was quickly and concealed, and there was no surprise Jin Jun at all. Until the early morning of the next day, when the Jin Army was ready to play and opened the door, they suddenly found that the opposite Chu army had already long been long. The retreat overnight, even the original garrison's camp was empty.
After learning that the Chu Army had withdrawn the army, the surprised Jin Zhong army generally played the news that the Chu army had been withdrawn soon after the Chu army had been withdrawn. Be wary, thinking that this is the intention of the Suspected soldiers intentionally made by the Chu State, and to seduce the Jin Army to be fooled; so Jin Ligong asked Luan Shu, Shi Yan, but Xun, Xun, etc. Authenticity.
The scouts who were previously investigated confirmed that this time the Chu army really took the initiative to leave the contact with the Jin Army and had withdrawn the army and returned to China. The camp of the army; then, Jin Ligong led the Jin army to the Chu army's camp and stationed. The food that the Chu army had no time to take away was also the loot that was too late to take away. After eating the military food left by the Chu Army for three consecutive days, to celebrate the battle against Chu and won the final and comprehensive victory.
With the active withdrawal of King Chu Communist Party and the "Great Food Chu Su" of Jin Ligong, Jin and Chu's last wild conference battle in the Spring and Autumn Period, the Battle of Lingling, " The curtain fell on the earth.
