Sun Kewang, the Great Western Army entrenched in Yunnan and Guizhou, welcomed the defeated Yongli Emperor Zhu Youlang of the Southern Ming Dynasty who fled to Anlong, Guizhou, and was granted the title of King of Qin. After the two sides formally formed a unified line of "uniting the Ming Dynasty to resist the Qing Dynasty", the Great Western Army was renamed the Ming Dynasty. military.
The Qing court sent King Kong Youde of Dingnan and Wu Sangui to attack in two directions from the east and north. The three kings (Sun Kewang, Li Dingguo, and Liu Wenxiu) made a decisive decision and led the Ming army formed by many ethnic minorities in Yunnan and Guizhou to actively Attack.
Elephant soldiers helped the Ming army regain lost ground
In 1652 AD, the sixth year of Yongli in the Ming Dynasty and the ninth year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, Sun Kewang led the "Jiaqian Army" to take control of Yunnan and Guizhou. Liu Wenxiu's troops marched north and besieged Wu Sangui on August 9. The Qing army broke through and fled to Mianzhou in a deadly battle. This battle Killing ten thousand Qing troops, Wu Sangui was forced to defeat Baoning.
At this time, the only territory the Qing government had in Sichuan was Baoning. After a successful performance, Wenxiu was granted the title of King of Nankang in the Jin Dynasty.
Li Dingguo personally led 80,000 infantry and cavalry and 50 war elephants to the east. The Ming army drove the mighty war elephants trained by the Dai chieftain to charge forward, and instantly defeated Kong Youde's army from north to south in repeated battles. The victorious cavalry troops were overwhelmed, and the Ming army followed the war elephants and advanced all the way, winning a great victory in Guilin.
A court official of the Qing Dynasty said in his memorial: "The troops borrowed by Sun Kou were mostly Dongman." This shows that the leaders of the Daxi Army have achieved remarkable results in uniting the ethnic minorities in the southwest, and thus have received extensive recruitment of troops.
On the fourth day of July, Kong Youde, who was crowned King of Dingnan by the Qing court, was captured by the Ming army. He personally killed his beloved wives and finally burned himself to death. Only one daughter escaped.
Portrait of Kong Youde
In October, Liu Wenxiu's troops continued to attack Baoning (now Langzhong, Sichuan), but they were defeated by Wu Sangui because they underestimated the enemy, and his deputy general Wang Fuchen died.
In this battle, Liu Wenxiu's war elephant troops were almost completely wiped out. At that time, the Qing army used large-caliber cannons to deal with elephants, called bull-ear cannons. The elephant was extremely panicked under the very loud sound of the cannon, and began to disobey the command and ran around.
Finally, Liu Wenxiu rode the last war elephant and crossed the Jialing River to escape in panic. This was also the last time elephants appeared as war elephant troops on the land of Sichuan.
After this battle, Sun Kewang took advantage of this to cut off Liu Wenxiu's title and disband his troops, which aroused dissatisfaction among the generals of the Daxi Army and made the Daxi soldiers disheartened.
Li Dingguo continued his eastward and northward expeditions, using more than 20 remaining war elephants to continue charging. He tied heavy tree stumps to the elephants and used the elephant's momentum to hit the city gate.
Many Ming court generals who were still resisting surrendered to Li Dingguo and fought all the way to Hunan, northern Guangdong and western Jiangxi. They won what is known as the "Great Victory of Hunan and Guangxi" in history, and recovered two states and sixteen counties, covering an area of roughly 3,000 miles. The land returned to the hands of the Nanming regime, and the Qing court was shocked.
In November, the Qing court sent Prince Jingjin Aixinjueluo Nikan as General Dingyuan. He was the grandson of Qing Taizu Aixinjueluo Nurhachi, and was ordered to lead a total of 150,000 elite troops in Sanbeile and Bagushan. Heading towards Changsha.
On the 24th, Prince Jingjin Nikan was ambushed and killed by Li Dingguo's troops. Hundreds of thousands of Qing troops were defeated. This was also the highest-ranking general killed in the Qing Dynasty's war against the Ming Dynasty (including the Southern Ming Dynasty).
Because of the sudden reversal of the situation, some senior officials in the Qing court even proposed giving up the southwestern provinces and dividing the world equally with Li Dingguo, and making peace.
It was precisely because the two kings Li Dingguo and Liu Wenxiu achieved major military victories that they aroused the worry and suspicion of Qin Wang Sun Kewang.
The three kings are separated from each other
Liu Wenxiu, who had his title revoked and his army disbanded, returned to Kunming and started a life of idleness. In his spare time, he studied and taught his children. He also went to Jizu Mountain in Dali to discuss Buddhism with monks and invited them to come down the mountain to preach Buddhism to the people.
During this period, he also asked Li Dingguo to issue an order to exempt the Jizushan Buddhist Temple from taxes and protect the Jizushan Buddhist Temple.
In the first month of 1653 AD, Sun Kewang was afraid that Li Dingguo, who was outside, would support his troops in the future. He became murderous and personally led the front army eastward to Yuanzhou, Hunan. Within three days, he sent seven letters urging troops to station troops in Baoqing and prepare to cross the Xiangjiang River to surprise the Qing army. Li Dingguo went to meet and discuss matters.
Xiangjiang River
Li Dingguo had no choice but to give up the surprise attack plan and traveled to Ziyang Ferry. Liu Wenxiu's son secretly sent someone to accuse Li Dingguo, saying that Sun Kewang wanted to kill him. Li Dingguo was extremely disappointed with Sun Kewang. In order to take the overall situation into consideration and avoid killing each other, he had no choice but to leave Hunan and go to Guangxi. Prefecture, there were about 50,000 troops in various camps who followed him south, and missed the opportunity to defeat the Qing army in Hunan.
In February, Sun Kewang learned that Li Dingguo was going south, and sent his troops all the way south to pursue Li Dingguo's troops. He met the Qing army in Baoqing after learning the news, and was defeated by the Qing soldiers. Sun Kewang hurriedly fled to Dongjiang River, and many places in Hunan. Counties and counties were occupied by the Qing army, with millions of civilians dead and almost half of Li Dingguo's elite defeated.
Shang Kexi, the southern king of the Qing Dynasty, also took advantage of the situation and sent his navy to capture Wuzhou and Guilin in Guangxi.
The good situation achieved by Li Dingguo and the Ming army soldiers was completely destroyed by Sun Kewang, and the Qing army also pursued Li Dingguo closely.
Li Dingguo moved to Guangdong and Guangxi
At the end of February, Yongzhou was captured, and Li Dingguo moved to Longhu Pass (west of Taochuan, Hunan).
On March 26, the Ming army besieged Zhaoqing, Guangdong for a month without breaking. The Qing general Geng Jimao sent iron cavalry to repel the Ming army. Hong Chengchou heard that Li Dingguo was defeated and sent people to surrender, but Dingguo ignored him.
In June, Li Dingguo felt deeply that the situation had reversed and that he was unable to achieve his goals. He took the initiative to write to Zheng Chenggong, inviting him to attack Guangzhou. However, due to inconvenient communication, Zheng Chenggong delayed the date and the coalition failed.
Zheng Chenggong Stone Statue
In July, Liu Wenxiu had no choice but to accept Sun Kewang's post of general and re-armed him. It took me more than a month to calmly control the outfit, and then went to the east to resist the Qing army.
On July 13, Li Dingguo led 20,000 troops to attack Guilin. The siege failed for seven days and nights, so he had to retreat to Liuzhou. However, Sun Kewang still wanted to kill him, so he sent Feng Shuangli to sneak attack Liuzhou.
In August, Feng Shuangli was defeated in an ambush and surrendered to Li Dingguo.
Prison of Mr. Eighteen
Sun Kewang wanted to stand on his own. In order to retain the throne, the Yongli Emperor Zhu Youlang, who was held hostage by Sun Kewang, conspired with the scholar Wu Zhenyu and sent envoys to Guangxi to summon Li Dingguo to escort him.
In November, after receiving the secret edict, Li Dingguo expressed his intention to go to the rescue. At this time, the eunuch Ma Jixiang reported the matter to please Sun Kewang.
Sun Kewang accused Wu Zhenyu of "deceiving the emperor and harming the country, stealing treasures to correct imperial edicts" and ordered Wu Zhenyu to hang himself. He also beheaded 17 courtiers under Wu, a total of 18 people. Then Guan Youcai was sent to lead Liu Jingguo and Liu Qiming's "Thirteenth Battalion" with tens of thousands of people to prepare heavily for Li Dingguo's return to Yunnan.
Tomb of Mr. Eighteen
The restoration of Guangdong and Guangdong came to nothing
In early 1654 AD, Zhang Mingzhen, Dingxi Marquis of the Lu Kingdom of the Southern Ming Dynasty, led a naval fleet to attack the Yangtze River and reached Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province. Zheng Chenggong also sent troops to attack Chongming, and the situation reversed again.
In March, Li Dingguo led tens of thousands of peasant troops and thirteen war elephants to conquer several counties in Guangxi and Guangdong.
In May, Li attacked Gaozhou, and the Qing defender Zhang Yue returned with his troops.
In June, Li Dingguo attacked Wuzhou again, but was unable to defeat it because the Qing troops were well prepared. However, volunteers from all over Guangdong and Guangxi responded, and the anti-Qing situation reached a climax again. They prepared to join forces with Zheng Chenggong to attack Guangzhou, pacify Guangzhou, and finally restore the Ming Dynasty.
Zheng Chenggong was negotiating peace with the Qing court at this time, which delayed the reinforcement of the Guangdong army, so he did not support Li Dingguo's army in time.
On October 14, Li Dingguo besieged Xinhui and was put into a disadvantageous situation by the lie that the Qing army was out of food. At the same time, Sun Kewang cut off material aid from Yunnan and Guizhou.
In December, Jingnan General Zhumala of the Qing court, as well as Shang Kexi and Geng Jimao, led 100,000 Manchu and Han soldiers. The Qing army used iron cavalry to crush Li Dingguo's left army. The war elephants that Li Dingguo relied on were also scattered, causing The Ming army collapsed on all fronts, and the Qing army took advantage of the victory and pursued them for twenty miles. Corpses were everywhere. The Ming army withdrew from Xinhui, followed by six to seven hundred thousand people along the way, and retreated to Nanning overnight.
In December, Zheng Chenggong failed to negotiate a peace with the Qing government, so he sent Lin Cha to lead a fleet to Guangdong. Li Dingguo had already been defeated and had missed the opportunity to fight.
When Li Dingguo retreated to Nanning, there were only 6,000 people left with him. From then on, his attempt to restore Guangdong and Guangdong finally came to nothing.
Welcome to Kunming
In 1655 AD, Emperor Yongli once again sent envoys to Nanning to report Sun Kewang's "tyranny". Li Dingguo received the bloody edict, fell to the ground and cried bitterly, unable to get up, saying that he would die for Emperor Yongli to eradicate the traitors and restore the country.
At this time, Hong Chengchou was using the strategy of "two-Guangdong joint suppression" to suppress Nanning with all his strength. Li Dingguo was threatened, so he decided to return to Guizhou.
In the first month of 1656, Li Dingguo rushed to Tianzhou. Dingguo's soldiers wrote the word "Jie Take" on their armor. Guan Youcai, the guarding general, thought that the Qing army was coming and could not be defeated, so he ran away.
In order to control Emperor Yongli for a long time, Sun Kewang immediately sent general Bai Wenxuan to move Emperor Yongli from Anlong to Guiyang. Bai Wenxuan was dissatisfied with this move and delayed the move on the grounds that "the followers were not gathered".
Anlong Palace
On the twenty-second day of the first lunar month, Li Dingguo arrived in Anlong and met Emperor Yongli. The emperor and his ministers hugged each other and cried bitterly. Li Dingguo secretly swore to serve and recited the four words "Serve the country with all his loyalty" to the ministers of the Southern Ming Dynasty. The ministers all said that Li Dingguo was a great leader. Loyal minister. After discussion, it was decided to move the imperial court to Yunnan.
Li Dingguo escorted Emperor Yongli to Qujing, Yunnan. Liu Wenxiu persuaded Wang Shangli and others to welcome Emperor Yongli, and then rode several horses to Huidingguo. He paid homage to Emperor Yongli at Guihua Temple and burst into tears. The two of them welcomed Emperor Yongli into Kunming together. , Zhu Youlang lived in the Qin Palace of Sun Kewang. Because of their meritorious service in protecting the emperor, Li Dingguo was granted the title of King of Jin, and Liu Wenxiu was granted the title of King of Shu.
Sun Ke is expected to surrender to the Qing Dynasty
In September, Sun Kewang gathered 140,000 troops and set out under the name "Qingjun Side". The troops arrived at Jiaoshui (Zanyi, Yunnan). Li Dingguo and Liu Wenxiu led 50,000 people to resist.
On September 19, the two sides fought on the banks of the Jiaoshui River. Bai Wenxuan led his cavalry straight towards Ma Weixing's camp, but the Ma army turned around and charged towards Sun Kewang's camp.
For a time, all the generals under Sun Kewang turned against Li Dingguo, and the soldiers in each battalion shouted "Welcome the King of Jin".
Sun Kewang was frightened and fled. The remaining defeated soldiers were pursued by Bai Wenxuan and Liu Wenxiu. Li Dingguo returned to Kunming and the civil war subsided.
Sun Kewang rebelled against his relatives, and his followers were only a few dozen horses. All the generals in the towns he passed refused to accept him, and he finally surrendered to the Qing general Hong Chengchou with his wife and treasure.
Hong Chengchou
After Sun Kewang surrendered, he presented a map of the southwest region to Hong Chengchou and told the Ming army the specific situation, which enabled the Qing army to find out the details. A massive siege against the Yongli regime of the Southern Ming Dynasty was about to come. Sun Kewang, the Great Western Army entrenched in Yunnan and Guizhou, welcomed the defeated Yongli Emperor Zhu Youlang of the Southern Ming Dynasty who fled to Anlong, Guizhou, and was granted the title of King of Qin. After the two sides formally formed a unified line of "uniting the Ming Dynasty to resist the Qing Dynasty", the Great Western Army was renamed the Ming Dynasty. military.
The Qing court sent King Kong Youde of Dingnan and Wu Sangui to attack in two directions from the east and north. The three kings (Sun Kewang, Li Dingguo, and Liu Wenxiu) made a decisive decision and led the Ming army formed by many ethnic minorities in Yunnan and Guizhou to actively Attack.
Elephant soldiers helped the Ming army regain lost ground
In 1652 AD, the sixth year of Yongli in the Ming Dynasty and the ninth year of Shunzhi in the Qing Dynasty, Sun Kewang led the "Jiaqian Army" to take control of Yunnan and Guizhou. Liu Wenxiu's troops marched north and besieged Wu Sangui on August 9. The Qing army broke through and fled to Mianzhou in a deadly battle. This battle Killing ten thousand Qing troops, Wu Sangui was forced to defeat Baoning.
At this time, the only territory the Qing government had in Sichuan was Baoning. After a successful performance, Wenxiu was granted the title of King of Nankang in the Jin Dynasty.
Li Dingguo personally led 80,000 infantry and cavalry and 50 war elephants to the east. The Ming army drove the mighty war elephants trained by the Dai chieftain to charge forward, and instantly defeated Kong Youde's army from north to south in repeated battles. The victorious cavalry troops were overwhelmed, and the Ming army followed the war elephants and advanced all the way, winning a great victory in Guilin.
A court official of the Qing Dynasty said in his memorial: "The troops borrowed by Sun Kou were mostly Dongman." This shows that the leaders of the Daxi Army have achieved remarkable results in uniting the ethnic minorities in the southwest, and thus have received extensive recruitment of troops.
On the fourth day of July, Kong Youde, who was crowned King of Dingnan by the Qing court, was captured by the Ming army. He personally killed his beloved wives and finally burned himself to death. Only one daughter escaped.
Portrait of Kong Youde
In October, Liu Wenxiu's troops continued to attack Baoning (now Langzhong, Sichuan), but they were defeated by Wu Sangui because they underestimated the enemy, and his deputy general Wang Fuchen died.
In this battle, Liu Wenxiu's war elephant troops were almost completely wiped out. At that time, the Qing army used large-caliber cannons to deal with elephants, called bull-ear cannons. The elephant was extremely panicked under the very loud sound of the cannon, and began to disobey the command and ran around.
Finally, Liu Wenxiu rode the last war elephant and crossed the Jialing River to escape in panic. This was also the last time elephants appeared as war elephant troops on the land of Sichuan.
After this battle, Sun Kewang took advantage of this to cut off Liu Wenxiu's title and disband his troops, which aroused dissatisfaction among the generals of the Daxi Army and made the Daxi soldiers disheartened.
Li Dingguo continued his eastward and northward expeditions, using more than 20 remaining war elephants to continue charging. He tied heavy tree stumps to the elephants and used the elephant's momentum to hit the city gate.
Many Ming court generals who were still resisting surrendered to Li Dingguo and fought all the way to Hunan, northern Guangdong and western Jiangxi. They won what is known as the "Great Victory of Hunan and Guangxi" in history, and recovered two states and sixteen counties, covering an area of roughly 3,000 miles. The land returned to the hands of the Nanming regime, and the Qing court was shocked.
In November, the Qing court sent Prince Jingjin Aixinjueluo Nikan as General Dingyuan. He was the grandson of Qing Taizu Aixinjueluo Nurhachi, and was ordered to lead a total of 150,000 elite troops in Sanbeile and Bagushan. Heading towards Changsha.
On the 24th, Prince Jingjin Nikan was ambushed and killed by Li Dingguo's troops. Hundreds of thousands of Qing troops were defeated. This was also the highest-ranking general killed in the Qing Dynasty's war against the Ming Dynasty (including the Southern Ming Dynasty).
Because of the sudden reversal of the situation, some senior officials in the Qing court even proposed giving up the southwestern provinces and dividing the world equally with Li Dingguo, and making peace.
It was precisely because the two kings Li Dingguo and Liu Wenxiu achieved major military victories that they aroused the worry and suspicion of Qin Wang Sun Kewang.
The three kings are separated from each other
Liu Wenxiu, who had his title revoked and his army disbanded, returned to Kunming and started a life of idleness. In his spare time, he studied and taught his children. He also went to Jizu Mountain in Dali to discuss Buddhism with monks and invited them to come down the mountain to preach Buddhism to the people.
During this period, he also asked Li Dingguo to issue an order to exempt the Jizushan Buddhist Temple from taxes and protect the Jizushan Buddhist Temple.
In the first month of 1653 AD, Sun Kewang was afraid that Li Dingguo, who was outside, would support his troops in the future. He became murderous and personally led the front army eastward to Yuanzhou, Hunan. Within three days, he sent seven letters urging troops to station troops in Baoqing and prepare to cross the Xiangjiang River to surprise the Qing army. Li Dingguo went to meet and discuss matters.
Xiangjiang River
Li Dingguo had no choice but to give up the surprise attack plan and traveled to Ziyang Ferry. Liu Wenxiu's son secretly sent someone to accuse Li Dingguo, saying that Sun Kewang wanted to kill him. Li Dingguo was extremely disappointed with Sun Kewang. In order to take the overall situation into consideration and avoid killing each other, he had no choice but to leave Hunan and go to Guangxi. Prefecture, there were about 50,000 troops in various camps who followed him south, and missed the opportunity to defeat the Qing army in Hunan.
In February, Sun Kewang learned that Li Dingguo was going south, and sent his troops all the way south to pursue Li Dingguo's troops. He met the Qing army in Baoqing after learning the news, and was defeated by the Qing soldiers. Sun Kewang hurriedly fled to Dongjiang River, and many places in Hunan. Counties and counties were occupied by the Qing army, with millions of civilians dead and almost half of Li Dingguo's elite defeated.
Shang Kexi, the southern king of the Qing Dynasty, also took advantage of the situation and sent his navy to capture Wuzhou and Guilin in Guangxi.
The good situation achieved by Li Dingguo and the Ming army officers was completely destroyed by Sun Kewang, and the Qing army also pursued Li Dingguo closely.
Li Dingguo moved to Guangdong and Guangxi
At the end of February, Yongzhou was captured, and Li Dingguo moved to Longhu Pass (west of Taochuan, Hunan).
On March 26, the Ming army besieged Zhaoqing, Guangdong for a month without breaking. The Qing general Geng Jimao sent iron cavalry to repel the Ming army. Hong Chengchou heard that Li Dingguo was defeated and sent people to surrender, but Dingguo ignored him.
In June, Li Dingguo felt deeply that the situation had reversed and that he was unable to achieve his goals. He took the initiative to write to Zheng Chenggong, inviting him to attack Guangzhou. However, due to inconvenient communication, Zheng Chenggong delayed the date and the coalition failed.
Zheng Chenggong Stone Statue
In July, Liu Wenxiu had no choice but to accept Sun Kewang's post of general and re-armed him. It took me more than a month to calmly control the outfit, and then went to the east to resist the Qing army.
On July 13, Li Dingguo led 20,000 troops to attack Guilin. The siege failed for seven days and nights, so he had to retreat to Liuzhou. However, Sun Kewang still wanted to kill him, so he sent Feng Shuangli to sneak attack Liuzhou.
In August, Feng Shuangli was defeated in an ambush and surrendered to Li Dingguo.
The Prison of Mr. Eighteen
Sun Kewang wanted to stand on his own. In order to retain the throne, the Yongli Emperor Zhu Youlang, who was held hostage by Sun Kewang, conspired with the scholar Wu Zhenyu and sent envoys to Guangxi to summon Li Dingguo to escort him.
In November, after receiving the secret edict, Li Dingguo expressed his intention to go to the rescue. At this time, the eunuch Ma Jixiang reported the matter to please Sun Kewang.
Sun Kewang accused Wu Zhenyu of "deceiving the emperor and harming the country, stealing treasures to correct imperial edicts" and ordered Wu Zhenyu to hang himself. He also beheaded 17 courtiers under Wu, a total of 18 people. Then Guan Youcai was sent to lead Liu Jingguo and Liu Qiming's "Thirteenth Battalion" with tens of thousands of people to prepare heavily for Li Dingguo's return to Yunnan.
Tomb of Mr. Eighteen
The restoration of Guangdong and Guangdong came to nothing
In early 1654 AD, Zhang Mingzhen, Dingxi Marquis of the Lu Kingdom of the Southern Ming Dynasty, led a naval fleet to attack the Yangtze River and reached Zhenjiang, Jiangsu Province. Zheng Chenggong also sent troops to attack Chongming, and the situation reversed again.
In March, Li Dingguo led tens of thousands of peasant troops and thirteen war elephants to conquer several counties in Guangxi and Guangdong.
In May, Li attacked Gaozhou, and the Qing defender Zhang Yue returned with his troops.
In June, Li Dingguo attacked Wuzhou again, but was unable to defeat it because the Qing troops were well prepared. However, volunteers from all over Guangdong and Guangxi responded, and the anti-Qing situation reached a climax again. They prepared to join forces with Zheng Chenggong to attack Guangzhou, pacify Guangzhou, and finally restore the Ming Dynasty.
Zheng Chenggong was negotiating peace with the Qing court at this time, which delayed the reinforcement of the Guangdong army, so he did not support Li Dingguo's army in time.
On October 14, Li Dingguo besieged Xinhui and was put into a disadvantageous situation by the lie that the Qing army was out of food. At the same time, Sun Kewang cut off material aid from Yunnan and Guizhou.
In December, Jingnan General Zhumala of the Qing Dynasty, as well as Shang Kexi and Geng Jimao, led 100,000 Manchu and Han soldiers. The Qing army used iron cavalry to overwhelm Li Dingguo's left army. The war elephants that Li Dingguo relied on were also scattered, causing The Ming army collapsed on all fronts, and the Qing army took advantage of the victory and pursued them for twenty miles. Corpses were everywhere. The Ming army withdrew from Xinhui, followed by six to seven hundred thousand people along the way, and retreated to Nanning overnight.
In December, Zheng Chenggong failed to negotiate a peace with the Qing government, so he sent Lin Cha to lead a fleet to Guangdong. Li Dingguo had already been defeated and had missed the opportunity to fight.
When Li Dingguo retreated to Nanning, there were only 6,000 people left with him. From then on, his attempt to restore Guangdong and Guangdong finally came to nothing.
Welcome to Kunming
In 1655 AD, Emperor Yongli once again sent envoys to Nanning to report Sun Kewang's "tyranny". Li Dingguo received the bloody edict, fell to the ground and cried bitterly, unable to get up, saying that he would die for Emperor Yongli to eradicate the traitors and restore the country.
At this time, Hong Chengchou was using the strategy of "two-Guangdong joint suppression" to suppress Nanning with all his strength. Li Dingguo was threatened, so he decided to return to Guizhou.
In the first month of 1656, Li Dingguo rushed to Tianzhou. Dingguo's soldiers wrote the word "jiejie" on their armor. Guan Youcai, the guarding general, thought that the Qing army was coming and could not be defeated, so he ran away.
In order to control Emperor Yongli for a long time, Sun Kewang immediately sent general Bai Wenxuan to move Emperor Yongli from Anlong to Guiyang. Bai Wenxuan was dissatisfied with this move and delayed the move on the grounds that "the followers were not gathered".
Anlong Palace
On the 22nd day of the first lunar month, Li Dingguo arrived in Anlong and met Emperor Yongli. The emperor and his ministers hugged each other and cried bitterly. Li Dingguo secretly swore to serve and recited the four words "Serve the country with all his loyalty" to the ministers of the Southern Ming Dynasty. The ministers all said that Li Dingguo was a great leader. Loyal minister. After discussion, it was decided to move the imperial court to Yunnan.
Li Dingguo escorted Emperor Yongli to Qujing, Yunnan. Liu Wenxiu persuaded Wang Shangli and others to welcome Emperor Yongli, and then rode several horses to the headquarters of Huiding State. They paid homage to Emperor Yongli at Guihua Temple and cried loudly. The two of them welcomed Emperor Yongli into Kunming together. , Zhu Youlang lived in the Qin Palace of Sun Kewang. Because of their meritorious service in protecting the emperor, Li Dingguo was granted the title of King of Jin, and Liu Wenxiu was granted the title of King of Shu.
Sun Ke is expected to surrender to the Qing Dynasty
In September, Sun Kewang combined an army of 140,000 troops and set off under the name "Qingjun Side". The troops arrived at Jiaoshui (Zanyi, Yunnan). Li Dingguo and Liu Wenxiu led 50,000 people to resist.
On September 19, the two sides fought on the banks of the Jiaoshui River. Bai Wenxuan led his cavalry straight towards Ma Weixing's camp, but the Ma army turned around and charged towards Sun Kewang's camp.
For a time, all the generals under Sun Kewang turned against Li Dingguo, and the soldiers in each battalion shouted "Welcome the King of Jin".
Sun Kewang was frightened and fled. The remaining defeated soldiers were pursued by Bai Wenxuan and Liu Wenxiu. Li Dingguo returned to Kunming and the civil war subsided.
Sun Kewang rebelled against his relatives, and his followers were only a few dozen horses. All the generals in the towns he passed refused to accept him, and he finally surrendered to the Qing general Hong Chengchou with his wife and treasure.
Hong Chengchou
After Sun Kewang surrendered, he presented a map of the southwest region to Hong Chengchou and told the Ming army the specific situation, allowing the Qing army to find out the details. A massive siege against the Yongli regime of the Southern Ming Dynasty was about to come.
