"I know that many people think this is impossible, but I tell you that there is nothing impossible. Let's not talk about the distant past, let's talk about the former Song Dynasty.
In the second year of Xuanhe in the Northern Song Dynasty (1120), Song and Jin formed a maritime alliance, agreeing that the Jin would attack Zhongjing of Liao, and the Song would attack Yanjing of Liao. After this was accomplished, the sixteen states of Yanyun returned to the Song, and the Song Dynasty had to surrender the original The annual coins given to Liao were transferred to Jin, and the rest of Liao's territory was also returned to Jin.
The Song Dynasty originally thought that it could easily capture the Sixteen Prefectures of Yanyun based on this, but it did not expect that the Liao army could not withstand the attack of the Jin soldiers, but was not afraid of fighting the decadent Song army. As a result, in the fourth year of Xuanhe (1122), the Northern Song Dynasty sent troops twice They attacked Yanjing, but were severely defeated by the Yanjing garrison of the Liao Dynasty. By the end of the year, the Jin soldiers marched from Juyongguan and captured Yanjing. In this way, the Jin people expressed that they would no longer hand over the Yanyun states to the Northern Song Dynasty. After The two sides bargained, and the Northern Song Dynasty repeatedly gave in. In the end, the Jin Dynasty only agreed to hand over Yanjing and its six prefectures and twenty-four counties to the Northern Song Dynasty, but required the Northern Song Dynasty to hand over to the Jin Dynasty every year in addition to the 400,000-year-old coins originally given to the Liao Dynasty. The taxes of these six prefectures and twenty-four counties must also be handed over to the Jin Dynasty in full. The Northern Song Dynasty promised to pay another one million guan every year as "tax money" for the six prefectures of Yanjing. Only then did the Jin Dynasty agree to withdraw its troops from Yanjing, and after the withdrawal At that time, the Jin soldiers swept away Yanjing's gold, silk, children, officials, gentry, and wealthy households, leaving only a few empty cities to the Northern Song Dynasty.
The battle against Yan exposed the decadence and weakness of the Song Dynasty, but Huizong, Wang Fu, Tong Guan, etc. claimed to be "unparalleled achievements" and celebrated vigorously. Tong Guan went to "Fu Yan Memorial", describing a series of defeats as victories, and boasted of "returning to the army in triumph." Wang Fu, Tong Guan, Cai You, etc. were all promoted to high positions. Officials came up to express their congratulations one after another, and set up the "Fu Yanyun Monument" to commemorate the merits. The Northern Song Dynasty was about to fall, but Huizong's monarchs and ministers deceived themselves and reveled in the so-called "victory" of "restoring Yanyun".
After that, there was a fierce power struggle within the Northern Song Dynasty: Wang Fu became increasingly powerful because of his merits in redeeming Yanjing. He was at odds with Prince Zhao Huan and conspired to make Prince Yun Zhao Kai the crown prince. The Right Prime Minister Li Bangyan and Cai You formed a party to exclude Wang Fu. The censor Zhongcheng He also impeached Wang Fu for being "treacherous and tyrannical", so Wang Fu was dismissed from the prime minister. At this time, Zhu Meng urged Huizong to use Cai Jing, an old and treacherous official who was eighty years old, blind and unable to write. Cai Jing became the chief consul of the Taishi, and the specific affairs were controlled by his son Cai Sui. Bai Shizhong was the left prime minister, and Li Bangyan was the right prime minister, the young prime minister. Everything followed the will of Cai Jing and his son.
In July 1123, Zhang Jue, a former Liao general who stayed in Pingzhou (now Lulong County, Hebei Province) in the Jin Dynasty, surrendered to the Song Dynasty with Pingzhou. After being defeated, he fled to Yanjing of the former Liao Dynasty, which had just become Yanshan Prefecture in the Northern Song Dynasty. The Yanshan Prefecture in the Northern Song Dynasty had no choice but to behead Zhang Jue, which caused dissatisfaction among the Han people in the sixteen states of Yanyun. In August, Wanyan Aguda, who was inclined to reconcile with the Song Dynasty, died of illness, and his younger brother Wanyan Sheng succeeded to the throne and planned Attack the Song Dynasty. In April 1125, Tong Guan and Cai You, together with Bai Shizhong, Li Bangyan and others, rejected Cai Sui. Cai Jing was dismissed from office again, Tong Guan was granted the title of county king, and Cai You was appointed as the Taibao. In August, the Jin Kingdom appointed Zhang Jue The incident led to the attack on Song Dynasty.
In August, Wanyan Zongwang and Wanyan Zonghan petitioned to attack the Song Dynasty on the grounds of "Zhang Jue Incident". In October, Wanyan Zongwang of the East Road led his army from Pingzhou (now Lulong County, Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province) to attack Yanshan Prefecture (now southwest of Beijing). Han Minyi, the garrison general of Yizhou (now Yi County, Baoding City, Hebei Province) in the Northern Song Dynasty surrendered. January 2, 1126 AD , defeated the Song army at Baihe Gorge (now Baihe Gorge, Miyun County, Beijing) and Gubeikou (now Gubeikou Town, Miyun County, Beijing); two days later, Song general Guo Yaoshi surrendered, and the defense of Song Yanshan Prefecture collapsed; soon after, Song Zhongshan (now Dingzhou, Hebei Province) was defeated Thirty thousand reinforcements were sent. On January 14, another 5,000 Song soldiers were defeated in Zhending Prefecture (now Zhengding, Hebei). On January 22, they defeated Xinde Prefecture (now Xingtai, Hebei).…
On January 27, 126, Wanyan Zongwang's army crossed the Yellow River and captured Huazhou (today's Huaxian County) the next day. On January 31st, he surrounded Bianjing (today's Kaifeng), the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty. Because Bianjing's defender Li Gang was able to resist, he failed. Can break the city. The Jin army approached the city and sent envoys to ask the Song prince and prime minister to go to the army to negotiate peace. Li Gang requested to go, but Qinzong refused, saying, "You have a strong character and cannot go." He also sent Li Chu as an envoy, and Zheng Wangzhi as the envoy. Vice-President. Li Gang withdrew from the court. Emperor Qinzong secretly informed Li Chu and Zheng Wangzhi that they could increase the annual currency by 3 to 5 million taels, reward the army with 3 to 5 million taels of silver, and negotiate a peace. He also ordered to bring 10,000 taels of gold, wine, and fruits as gifts. Zong Wang. Zong Wang met the Song envoy and proposed: 5 million taels of gold, 50 million taels of silver, 10,000 cattle and horses each, and one million pieces of silk. The Song Dynasty ceded the three towns of Taiyuan, Zhongshan, and Hejian, and offered the prince , the prime ministers were taken as hostages before peace could be negotiated. Li Chu, Zheng Wangzhi and others responded. Li Bangyan, Zhang Bangchang and other prime ministers advocated accepting them all. Li Gang argued hard, saying: "There are too many gold coins. Even if we use up the world's wealth, it is not enough, let alone the capital?" The three towns of Taiyuan, Hejian and Zhongshan are the country's barriers. How can we establish a country if they are cut off? As for sending envoys, the prime minister should go there, but the prince should not go there. "He suggested delaying the time and waiting for four soldiers to gather, and then discuss it again. The prime minister and others No. Qin Zong's brother Kang Wang Zhao Gou was in the capital, requesting envoy Jin, and said to Qin Zong: "The enemy must ask the prince to pledge, and the minister is planning for the clan, how can he refuse!" Qin Zong sent Kang Wang Zhao Gou as the military envoy. , Prime Minister Zhang Bangchang was the deputy and sent to Jinying. In February, Jin threatened Song Dynasty and took Kang Wang Zhaogou and Grand Prime Minister Zhang Bangchang as hostages, and ceded Taiyuan, Zhongshan, and Hejian (now part of Hebei) to negotiate peace.
At this time, only Wanyan Zongwang's Jin State East Route Army participated in the siege of Kaifeng. Wanyan Zonghan's Western Route Army of the Jin Kingdom was not only stymied in Taiyuan, but also refused Wanyan Zongwang's proposal to cut off the Western Army (the border guards of the Song Dynasty's expedition to Xixia were the most elite troops deployed in the Song Dynasty at that time, so Zhong Shidao led the 100,000 Western Army successfully Arriving at Kaifeng, Wanyan Zongwang passively retreated to Mengyang, a far northwest suburb of Kaifeng, where he camped. When Yao Pingzhong's army robbed Wanyan Zongwang's camp and was completely wiped out, some people pointed out that the capitulating faction Li Bangyan and Li Cheng were forced to negotiate peace with the main combatants Li Gang and Zhong Shidao. It was revealed intentionally or unintentionally to the spy Deng Gui. After the robbery failed, Li Gang and Zhong Shidao were deprived of military power. The Jin soldiers returned to Kaifeng City. Song Qinzong was frightened and sent an envoy saying: "I didn't know what happened at first, and I will punish them." People. "Li Bangyan also ordered Song Qinzong not to offend the Jin soldiers, and a thunderbolt gunner was executed by the owl leader after firing a cannon. When Wanyan Zongwang attacked the city again, he was repulsed by the Western Army, so he stopped the attack and took Su Wang Zhao Shu as a hostage, and Kang Wang Zhao Gou Be able to return.
Wanyan Zongwang's Jin Guo East Route Army
^0^ Remember in one second【】
The first siege of Kaifeng failed. Before leaving, he sent someone to the city to say goodbye and sent a farewell letter with a layout plan of Kaifeng city during the siege. He said, "If you don't want to go to the court to make a speech, I will tell you less about my regrets so that I can serve in the army." , failed to do so, I would like to send a certain person to act as deputy envoy and deputy, with some small gifts, in a separate painting, I would like to write a memorial. "When Wanyan Zongwang retreated, the Western Army led by Zhong Shidao's younger brother Zhong Shizhong The elite Qin Feng Army of 30,000 people marched to Kaifeng, Tokyo. Zhong Shidao immediately ordered him to lead his troops to follow the Jin Army, and attack it as soon as it was halfway across the river, completely wiping out half of its troops on the south bank, and defeating the Jin Kingdom's most elite Eastern Route Army. Use it to eliminate future troubles. Li Gang also suggested using the Chanyuan story to "escort" the Jin army out of the country and inform the generals to pursue them if they had the chance. Song Qinzong also agreed with Li Gang's superficial suggestion and sent 100,000 troops to "escort" them closely. However, the surrender factions such as Wu Min, Tang Ke, Geng Nanzhong and others finally overwhelmed the main war faction and sent people to set up a banner on the edge of the Yellow River. They strictly ordered the troops not to bypass the banner and chase the Jin army, otherwise they would all be executed. …
Later, Zhong Shidao proposed a method to mend the situation, and suggested gathering large armies to station on both sides of the Yellow River to prevent the Jin army from crossing the river again, as a plan to "prevent autumn" next time. Song Qinzong agreed to implement the memorial, but was soon suppressed by surrender ministers such as Wu Min, Tang Ke, Geng Nanzhong, etc. They believed that the huge military expenses would be wasted if the Jin army did not come, and refused to adopt the doctrine of cultivating teachers. From then on, Master Zhong was so angry that he became ill and even died of illness. Li Gang was transferred to Hebei and Hedong as the Xuanfu envoy and did nothing, and was finally expelled to Jiangxi.
Soon, the Kingdom of Jin sent Xiao Zhonggong as an envoy to the Song Dynasty, and Yelu Yu saw the supervisory army. Emperor Qinzong of the Song Dynasty believed that these two men were former nobles of the Liao Kingdom and could be lured and used. He sealed a letter with a wax pill and asked Xiao Zhonggong to send it to Yelu Yu to see as an internal response. Xiao Zhonggong hurriedly ran back to the Kingdom of Jin to see Wanyan Zongwang and presented him with a wax pill letter. In August, Zong Wang used this as an excuse to gather his troops to attack the Song Dynasty again. The second attack on Bianjing was still a competition between Wanyan Zonghan and Wanyan Zongwang.
In the first stage, Wanyan Zonghan of the West Route set out from Datong on September 5, 1126, just like his first attack on the Song Dynasty. The next day, he defeated Song Zhang Hao's army in Wenshui (now in Shanxi) and captured Taiyuan on September 21, 1126. Wanyan Zongwang of the East Road set out from Baozhou on September 8, 1126. On the same day, he defeated the Song soldiers in Xiongzhou (today's Xiong County, Baoding City, Hebei Province) and Zhongshan (today's Dingzhou, Hebei Province). On September 15, 1126, they captured Xinle (today's Dingzhou, Hebei Province). In Hebei. On September 26, 1126, General Zhong of the Song Dynasty defeated the army in Jingxing and captured the Tianwei Army (now Jingxing County, Hebei Province) and Kezhending (now Zhengding County, Hebei Province).
In the second stage, after rest and recuperation, Wanyan Zonghan of the West Route attacked Bianjing from Taiyuan on November 18, 1126. On November 22, 1126, he captured the Weisheng Army (today's Qin County, Shanxi), and on the 29th, Kronde Mansion (today's Changzhi, Shanxi) , crossed Mengjin (now Mengjin). Song Xijing (now Luoyang), Yong'an Army (now Yanshidong), and Zhengzhou all surrendered. On December 4, 1126, Wanyan Zonghan defeated Zezhou (now Jincheng, Shanxi). East Road Wanyan Zongwang 1126 On November 20, Zizhen attacked Bianjing; on December 4, 1126, Zongwang's troops crossed the river, and then captured Linhe County (today's northeast of Jun County, south of Linhe Village, Daming County (today's Hebei), Deqing Army (today's Qingfeng and Kaidefu (now Puyang) defeated Huaizhou (now Qinyang) on December 10 and arrived at Bianjing City. On December 16, 1126, Song Dynasty sent troops to resist the war and was defeated by Wanyan Zongwang and others. December 1126 On the 17th, Wanyan Zonghan arrived at the foot of Bianjing City, but was overtaken by Wanyan Zongwang again.
During the Jingkang period, Guo Jing caused trouble, and Wanyan Zongwang, Wanyan Zonghan and other generals destroyed the city. After capturing the outer city of Kaifeng, the general of the Jin Army did not attack the city immediately. He only occupied the four walls of the outer city and pretended to announce that he would withdraw his troops for peace. Song Qinzong actually believed it and ordered He Li and Qi King Zhao Xu to go to Jinying to seek peace. Zong Han said: "Since ancient times, the north and south have been divided. What we are discussing now is just to cede territory." He also "asked" the Supreme Emperor to come to Jinying for negotiations. Song Huizong did not dare to go, but Song Qinzong had no choice but to go on his behalf on the grounds that the emperor was too frightened and suffering from chronic illness.
At dawn on the 30th day of the eleventh month, Emperor Qinzong of the Song Dynasty led many ministers to the Jin camp, but he fell into the trap of the Jin people. After Song Qinzong arrived at the Jin camp, the commander of the Jin army did not meet him, but sent someone to ask for a surrender. Song Qinzong did not dare to disobey, so he hurriedly asked people to write a surrender form and present it. But the Jin people were not satisfied and ordered that the surrender form must be written in four or six pairs of sentences. Song Qinzong was helpless and said that the matter was over and there was no need to worry about anything else. Minister Sun considered it over and over again and changed it four times before he was satisfied with the Jin people. The general meaning of surrendering is just to bow down to Jin and beg for forgiveness, which is the most servile manner. After submitting the petition, the Jin people asked the Supreme Emperor to come. Song Qinzong pleaded hard, and the Jin people no longer insisted. Then, the Jin people set up an incense table in the Zhai Palace facing north, and ordered the Song Dynasty monarchs and ministers to bow to the north, fulfill their courtesy, and read out the surrender form. It was windy and snowy at that time, and the emperor and ministers of Song Qinzong wept secretly when they were humiliated. After the surrender ceremony was completed, the Jin people were satisfied and allowed Song Qinzong to return. …
Song Qinzong felt humiliated since he entered the Jin camp, and he had no choice but to become a minister of the Jin people. Looking back, he could not suppress his grief and unknowingly shed tears. When he arrived at Nanxunmen, Song Qinzong saw the ministers and people who came to greet him. , and cried loudly. After all, there are still many subjects who are concerned about their own safety. When he arrived in front of the palace, he was still crying, and the sound of crying inside and outside the palace was loud. Song Qinzong went to Jin camp for the first time and experienced many disasters. He returned three days later, as if he had been separated from another world. As soon as Song Qinzong returned to the court, the Jin people came to ask for 10 million gold ingots, 20 million silver ingots, and 10 million pieces of silk. However, Emperor Qinzong of the Song Dynasty insisted on humiliating and giving in and ordered a large-scale expropriation of gold and silver. The Jin people asked for mules and horses, and the Kaifeng government rewarded them with heavy documents. More than 7,000 horses were found just now. The horses in the capital were all empty, and some officials went to court on foot. The Jin people asked for 1,500 more girls. Song Qinzong did not dare to neglect, and even let his concubines make up for the number. The girls were unwilling to be humiliated, and many people died. Regarding gold, silver, cloth, and silk, Emperor Qinzong of the Song Dynasty felt deeply that his treasury was insufficient, so he ordered dignitaries, wealthy families, and businessmen to contribute funds to reward the army. The so-called investment is actually robbing. The yoke was often used on those who resisted, and even Queen Zheng's natal family was not spared. Even so, the gold and silver were still not enough. Mei Zhili and other four ministers who were responsible for collecting gold and silver were executed for this. Other officials who were punished with sticks could be found everywhere. Many people were forced to commit suicide, and the city of Kaifeng was in a mess.
^0^ Remember in one second【】
Depressed scene.
Although the Northern Song Dynasty court headed by Song Qinzong was so courteous to the Jin people, the Jin people's demands were still not met. The Jin people threatened to send troops into the city to rob, and asked Song Qinzong to go to the Jin camp again for talks. Song Qinzong was so frightened that he broke out in a cold sweat. The shadow of being trapped in the Jin camp last time had not yet dissipated, and a new fear came into his heart. This time, it might be a disaster. At this time, Li Ruoshui and others also encouraged Song Qinzong to go. After all, Song Qinzong did not dare to violate the Jin people's will and had to go to the Jin camp again.
After Song Qinzong arrived at Jinying, he received an extremely cold reception. Zong Wang and Zong Han did not meet him at all, and placed him in three small rooms in the west wing of the Zhai Palace in the military camp. The furnishings in the house are extremely simple. In addition to tables and chairs, there is only an earthen kang for sleeping and two felt seats. There were Jin soldiers guarding the house tightly outside. At dusk, the door of the house was also locked with iron chains by Jin soldiers. Emperor Qinzong of Song Dynasty completely lost his freedom of movement. It was the twelfth lunar month of winter, with continuous rain and snow in Kaifeng, and the weather was surprisingly cold. In addition to enduring hunger during the day, Song Qinzong also had to endure the biting cold wind at night, tossing and turning and unable to sleep.
Song Qinzong's days in prison were like years, and his longing for home was beyond words. Officials of the Song Dynasty repeatedly requested the Jin people to release Song Qinzong, but the Jin people ignored them. On February 5, the second year of Jingkang, Song Qinzong had to force a smile to accept the Jinren's invitation to watch a football match. After the game, Song Qinzong begged Jin Shuai to let him go, but Zong Han severely reprimanded him. Song Qinzong was too frightened to mention the matter again.
After the Jin people detained Qinzong of Song Dynasty, they claimed that the gold, silver, cloth and silk were not equal every day, so they would not return it to Qinzong of Song Dynasty. After hearing the news, Song Ting stepped up the search. Kaifeng Prefecture sent officials to directly break into residents' homes and search them, and they were as unscrupulous as arresting rebels. The five families of the common people serve as safeguards and supervise each other. If there is anything hidden, they can report it. Even the poor people of Futian Yuan, monks and Taoists, craftsmen, advocates and other people were also included in the search. By the end of the first lunar month, Kaifeng Mansion had collected 160,000 taels of gold, two million taels of silver, and one million pieces of clothing and satin, but it was still far from the amount requested by the Jin people. When the officials of the Song Dynasty went to Jinying to deliver gold and silver, the Jin people were arrogant, rude and humiliated in every possible way. After Song Qinzong went to Jin camp, the wind and snow continued, and the people in Bianjing had nothing to eat. After eating all the leaves, cats and dogs in the city, they cut them for food. Coupled with the epidemic, countless people died of starvation and disease.
However, the Jin people still did not give up and plundered other things to exchange for the gold and silver. All ritual utensils for worshiping heaven, emperor's dharma chariot, various books and classics, Dacheng musical instruments and even the costumes and props used in various operas are all included in the search. Doctors, church musicians, and various craftsmen were also plundered. He also plundered women crazily. As long as they were slightly attractive, they would be captured by the Kaifeng Mansion for the entertainment of the Jin people. At that time, Wang Shiyong, the Minister of Civil Affairs, was the most diligent in robbing women and was known as the "Grandfather of the Golden Man". Xu Bingzhe, the prefect of Kaifeng, was not to be outdone. In order to please the Jin people, he painted the already disheveled and sickly women with makeup, disguised them, and sent them to the Jin camp by carloads. This caused widespread resentment in Kaifeng and made the people miserable. "
"The above is the Jingkang Shame, one of the shames that the Han people will never forget! I would like to ask everyone present, how many of you who are doing this knew about the Jingkang Shame before I said it? Why did the Jingkang Shame occur in the Northern Song Dynasty? Jingkang Shame. Before the humiliation, did those officials and people ever think that the Northern Song Dynasty would be destroyed by the little Jinmen?"
Dear, this chapter is finished, I wish you a happy reading! ^0^
