The sixth diplomatic mission to China mentioned by Catherine II can be traced back to its origins after the Battle of Yaksa.
From the Shunzhi to the Kangxi era, the Qing court captured nearly a hundred Cossack prisoners of war in several battles between Yaksa and Tsarist Russia. After these people came to Beijing, they were incorporated into the Manchuria with Yellow Banner, and independently established the "Russian Assistant Command". It was placed in Pepper Garden Hutong (later called Hujiayuan Hutong) in the northeast corner of Beijing.
Of course, the Cossacks who joined the flag would not be raised in vain. Some of them were sent to the Heilongjiang anti-Russian front line to serve as frontline reconnaissance, battlefield recruitment and translation, and they were very effective.
Since ancient times, China has adopted the principle of "governing according to customs" to foreign ethnic groups outside the Central Plains. This is what the "Book of Rites" says: "The people of the five directions all have their own nature, which cannot be transferred...to modify it." Teach without changing the customs, regulate the government without changing the appropriateness." That is to say, as long as the households can be organized and the people can be unified, and the government orders can be unified, there is no need to change their living customs and religious beliefs.
It is precisely because of this that when the Sino-Russian border war subsided, the "Russian auxiliary leaders" were quickly assimilated after living in Beijing for more than ten years. By the late Kangxi period, they were no different from other bannermen.
These people don't know any craftsmanship. Although they have more than a dozen taels of grain and rice every month, because they are not good at managing money, they spend their days just carrying birds in a cage, hanging out with casino troupes, and becoming "Eight Banners uncles".
Among the early prisoners of war, there was a man named Maxim Leontyev who was originally the priest of the Yaksa Church. Until his death, this man had been presiding over the religious activities of the Cossack prisoners of war at the "St. Nicholas Church" in Dongzhimen. Later, with the need of Peter I to develop Sino-Russian trade, Tsarist Russia began to send missionary missions to China after many negotiations with the Qing court.
One of the funniest things that happened after the first Orthodox mission to Beijing arrived in Beijing was that, in order to show the spirit of a great nation, Kangxi actually gave these missionaries and students official posts and silver medals, and were incorporated into the Eight Banners. For example, the head priest of the regiment was given the fifth rank, and the priests and deacons were given the seventh rank. The other accompanying church students also became members of the "Russian Auxiliary", and the Lifanyuan provided housing, living expenses, and everything else they asked for. Items and even wives were given to those missionaries who had huge heads.
At present, the old lady Queen said that she wanted to find two clergymen who knew Chinese from the diplomatic mission to China to join the negotiation team. However, the people from the Foreign Affairs Committee went back to find out, and only one was left alive.
This man's name is Agafonov Alexey Semyonovich. He is forty-four years old and is proficient in Chinese and Manchu. After returning to China in 1782, he worked as a translator under the governor of Irkutsk, Ivan Jacobi, the man whose hand was cut off by Zhao Xin. Later, he was transferred to the Foreign Affairs Committee in St. Petersburg. He was the earliest in Russian history. One of the sinologists.
The diplomatic mission negotiating with Beihai Town began to be formed on the third day after Rumyantsev's condolence event. It was planned to consist of 150 people. In addition to the Queen's Guards Cavalry, the Military Commission and the Foreign Affairs and Trade Department of the Senate also Men will be sent; the chief and deputy captains are Count Alexei Grigorievich Orlov and Count Mujin, and Agafonov will accompany him as an interpreter.
Speaking of the leader Orlov, he ranked second among the famous "Five Orlov Brothers". The five brothers all assisted Catherine II in launching a coup, and it is said that this was the one who killed Peter III with his own hands. Although Count Orlov fell out of favor fifteen years ago, after all, he served as the naval commander of the Russian Empire, planned the first archipelago expedition, and was half a military strategist.
The members of the mission will leave in mid-December. Since the journey is more than 4,000 kilometers long, they will not leave until they arrive in Kazan to celebrate the Russian New Year (seven days later than the Gregorian calendar). As a result, the Russians will not arrive in Krasnoyarsk until mid-March of next year at the earliest.
Since the Northern Navy completed the population verification of Krasnoyarsk and Yeniseisk, they waited until Krutogorov arrived with his troops in early December, and then they stepped forward and ordered the people in the city to Russian residents began to move.
When Zhao Xin returned to Yeniseisk, the Jewish groups in the city that had not yet been relocated began to become extremely uneasy because of the arrival of the Cossack soldiers who were attached to Beihai Town. Many people queued up outside the Military Control Commission to apply for passes to Tulum or Nizhny Uginsk.
The reason why the Jews are like this is because the Cossacks are the natural enemies of the Jews, and the two sides have been at odds with each other for a long time. It’s funny to say that these two types of minority groups are wanderers who lack national identity and a sense of belonging. However, there are huge differences and oppositions in their living customs and values.
The Cossacks were originally a group that was constantly being replenished by new members, and newcomers could join regardless of their ethnic origin, such as Tatars, Kalmyks, and Buryat Mongols. However, they only resolutely excluded the Jews, and the Jews were hostile to the Robbery. The predatory Cossacks are also afraid of hiding and will never get involved with this group.
"...Cossack brothers! In the name of the Siberian Cossack Emirate, I call on you to join this group! Just like the Cossacks of Zaporozhye, we will establish our own free country! Smash those nobles The shackles that the masters put on our heads!"
In the Assumption Church in Yeniseisk, Mikhail, the number one dogleg of Kruto Grove, was giving an impassioned speech. On both sides of him were more than twenty men with revolvers on their waists; and in front of him were more than 400 local Cossack men who had been "recruited".
"Wait a minute, Mikhail?" A short Cossack walked out from the back of the silent crowd. He coughed, rubbed his long hands like old oak roots washed by water, and looked at Kruto Grove with his light green, slightly smiling eyes like tender leaves attached to them. , asked: "You just talked about breaking the shackles... So what kind of shackles will be put on us after the new emirate is established?"
"What's wrong with you? Do you have one of your own shackles on you?"
The stocky Cossack asked reluctantly: "What does this "self" mean?"
Mikhail said: "That's what it means. You want to know who is in power in the Siberian Cossack Emirate? It is the Verkhovna Rada, which is a place where everyone can speak. If everyone elects you, you will be in power; or he will , or this uncle was elected to power. Do you understand?"
"Then who is in charge of the Supreme Ladari?"
"Mitrich, it's only been 15 years since the Zaporozhye Fortress was blown up by that old woman. Have you forgotten all about it?"
In 1775, after many victories over Turkey and the conclusion of a peace treaty, the Russian Empire gained access to the Black Sea and Dnieper River defense lines. As a result, the Zaporozhye Cossack Emirate, which was once located on the border, became inland and there was no need to maintain it. Such a huge armed force.
At the same time, conflicts occurred from time to time between the grassroots Cossacks and the tsarist government, which at this time had begun to actively develop the lands of New Russia. The Cossacks repeatedly destroyed settler camps in Tavria due to land disputes.
In view of this, Catherine II took advantage of the opportunity after Pugachev's uprising and decided to liquidate the Zaporozhye region.
The sudden action of tens of thousands of Russian troops caught the Cossacks off guard. Unlike those military leaders who were willing to surrender, most ordinary Cossacks at that time preferred to fight the Tsarist army before talking about it. However, under the persuasion of Orthodox priests and Cossack nobles, they finally gave up their resistance, and then the Tsarist army used cannon to level the Zaporozhye Fortress.
Mikhail said loudly: "From now on, the Rada Assembly will be the highest governing body of the emirate, with Ataman as the national leader and military leader! Of course, elections must also be passed. If you are elected - you will have power from above. "
"Really? You're not talking nonsense, are you?"
I heard another person say: "Then what to do with the land?"
"Do you want us to hand over the land here?"
"According to the order of the emirate's military Ataman, each of you will be given one hundred dessiatines of land on the plain west of the Yenisei River, tax-free for five years! We will abolish the poll tax! From now on, we will only levy taxes on commodity transactions. Tax! The land is yours, so you can grow whatever you want. By the way, you can grow a beard if you want, no one will charge you a beard tax anymore."
All the Cossacks present laughed and immediately started talking at the same time,
"Maybe, I'm just talking about it now to trick everyone into supporting them."
"Tell us your conscience!"
"We are like bears now, running around in the dark!"
“It’s dangerous to listen to outsiders.”
"The military uniforms they wear are exactly the same as those Chinese."
Mikhail said: "The Rada meeting will be held here tomorrow to elect two local Atamans, who will become the political councilors of the emirate!"
The Cossack named Mitrich smiled and said: "Great! Everyone choose me! I will definitely speak for the poor!"
"Let all Cossacks have the right to speak!"
Mikhail twisted his body and looked around to observe the reactions of the Cossacks. With the experience of agitation in the Yaksa and Usolye prisoner-of-war camps, he had no doubts about the success of his operation. Whenever he could grasp the emotions of the Cossacks present, he knew victory was in sight.
In the Military Control Council in Yeniseisk, Krutogorov, who serves as the Cossack Military Ataman, is respectfully reporting to Zhao Xin.
"Because time was a little rushed, we only recruited 500 people from Usoliya. But don't worry, I have retained some eloquent guys for them to continue recruiting."
"Discipline, we must pay close attention to military discipline!" Zhao Xin emphasized again. The reason why I say this is because the more than 3,000 people brought by Krutogorov dragged their feet on the way here and arrived three days later than scheduled.
The Cossacks of these days were notoriously undisciplined. Wu Siyu has complained many times that basic formation training for these Cossacks is extremely difficult, and they can always find various reasons to avoid it.
The problem is that the strength of the Northern Navy along the Yenisei River is now only a small amount. Zhao Xin also pointed out that Krutogorov's men can help attract some of the firepower.
Zhao Xin had a headache about the servant army, but Deng Fei and the others who were far away in Hoi'an were very successful in recruiting local soldiers. There was a long queue of people at the recruitment office in front of Chenghan Palace.
The North Korean navy posted a notice on the day it entered Hoi An. Jiang Fan's brilliant pen turned a notice on peace of the people into an appeal against thieves, which excited the Chinese people in Datang Street and Mingxiang Society.
"Annan is close to China. Since the Qin Dynasty, it has been the destiny to unify the whole region. King Wu of Zhao expanded the land of Baiyue, and Wu of the Han Dynasty established three counties and unified them. Later, Li Li surrendered to the Ming Dynasty, was granted titles and benefactors, and passed down the order of many clans. Over the years, the thieves Ruan Wenyue and his brother were from the same clan as the Hu family. They were the ministers and assistants of Guangnan. They had hidden private soldiers and had coveted him for a long time. Ruan Wenyue's name was Hu Yue, his second brother Ruan Lu was called Hu Lu, and his third brother Ruan Hui was called Hu Hui.
These three people are good at wielding swords and weapons, and kill their masters with their hands, which increases their power and fortune. Ruan Guangping harbored evil intentions, set up ambush on the border, recruited pirates, and plundered all the sea areas.
Ruan Wenyue, because his general was killed in battle, became angry with Jiading. He regarded the Chinese as enemies and violently killed more than ten thousand innocent people. From the new cow to the firewood stick, the corpse is lying on the pillow, and the river is abandoned, and the water does not flow. After two or three months, people did not dare to eat the fish and shrimps in the river. He unleashes unbridled violence and ravages a country, causing no peace for vegetation and animals, and making all the ghosts and gods in heaven and earth angry.
But the Ruan thieves in Xishan are so evil that they cannot be tolerated by reason. The people of the various countries have been suffering from this evil for decades, and they are deeply pitiable. The Northern Navy came to relieve the suffering of the people and to extend the souls of tens of thousands of lonely souls in the sky. The officers and men have been strictly ordered not to commit any crimes in the autumn, but they can all remain at the blockade and do not be alarmed or suspicious. They were coercing officials, but they were not obeying them with their heart. However, they were able to maintain their duties without incurring any crime.
Now Beihai Town is recruiting troops, which will benefit the people of the country. Anyone who captures Ruan Wenyue alive will be given a heavy reward. If anyone dares to be unconscious, help evil and refuse life, Tian Ge will sweep them away with one finger. On the day when the Ruan family in Xishan was captured, the injustice was buried in the ground, and the solution was suspended in the country, with the heart of serving China at the top and the hope of comforting the people at the bottom. "
Next to the Anmin notice, another recruitment notice was posted. The requirements above are first of all Chinese, and the age is between 18 and 25 years old. Because southerners are not tall, the height is limited to four feet and six inches, which is 1.56 rice. In addition, those with incomplete facial features will not be accepted, and those who smoke heavily will not be accepted.
As mentioned before, many Tang people in Hoi An had relatives who were massacred in Jiading. However, Nguyen Phuc Anh in Quang Nam was too cowardly, and the Tay Son army was brutal, so no one dared to resist in these years.
But with the arrival of the Ye family and his son and He Xiwen, all the Tang people in Hoi An knew about the North Navy's victory over Hue, and the entire Tang Street was in a sensation. Almost from the third day after entering the city, recruitment started smoothly.
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Set a small goal first, such as remembering in 1 second: Shukeju
