Huai'an Fucheng, the Emperor of Heaven is here.
"Your Majesty, I have been with Donglu for many years, and I know the inside story of Donglu very well. Donglu's military system is a way of integrating soldiers and civilians. They cultivate fields, recruit soldiers and wear armor, and pay tribute to serve. Based on Niu Lu. Generally speaking, one Niu Lu is set up with three hundred Zhengding, one Jia La is set up with five Niu Lu, and one Gu Shan is set up with five Jia La. Gu Shan means flag. At the beginning, there were only four flags. It was expanded to eight. After entering the customs, the Han soldiers who surrendered to the vassals were organized into two green flags, which were nominally ten flags. However, only the nine flags were actually controlled by the Donglu court, because Wu Sangui's green flag was only empty. name.
Due to the Mongols and Han people surrendering their flags, the Donglu court compiled many Niu Lu composed of Mongolians and Han people, and also established the Eight Banners Mongolia Gushan'e Zhenhe Special Administration Bureau under the Lao Eight Banners specifically to manage the Mongolian Niu Lu. The Eight Banners Han Army, which was in charge of Niulu of the Han Army, Gushan Ezhen. However, the number of Jia La under the jurisdiction of Mongolian Gushan and Han army Gushan was different.
Therefore, the Laoba Banner has twenty-four Gushan'erzhen, and one flag has three Gushan'erzhen. Gushan Ezhen and the flag owner Prince were one thing at the beginning, but later they became two different things. The prince who owns the banner is hereditary, and usually the prince with the most cows under his banner is the banner owner. Gushan Ezhen was appointed by the imperial court, and he was usually not a prince who entered the eighth or ninth level.
As for the relationship between Gushan Ezhen and the flag owner, it is not certain. When Huang Taiji was in power, it was Gushan Ezhen who suppressed the banner owner, the prince. But now that Dorgon has assumed power as the banner lord, the banner lord and the princes who own Niulu have become more powerful, and they have become the real masters of Gushan'e.
At the end of last year and the beginning of this year, Dorgon was thinking of reclaiming his hometown outside the customs as a retreat. Therefore, a Guan Wai Gu Shan was added to each banner, and a Niu Lu was taken from each Jia La to go to Guan Wai. They were all led by the Guan Wai Gu Shan of each banner. There are only four Niulu left in Jia La in Guanning.
By the way, the newly established Zhenglu Banner only has the Han army, not Mongolia or Manchuria, but it does have three flag owners, namely Kong Youde, Geng Zhongming and Shang Kexi. Under the three banner masters, there are also four solid mountains.
So now the power that the Donglu court can control is the Nine Banners and Thirty-six Solid Mountains, about one hundred and twenty or thirty Jia La, and more than five hundred Niu Lu.
As for the current number of Niulu affiliated to Nine Banners and the number of people in each Niulu, they are all out of order. After all, Niu Luo is a united army and civilians, and the life, old age, illness, and death of each Niu Lu are not certain. Moreover, Niu Lu is the private property of the banner owner prince and the prince of Jiufen (now Nine Flags), and there is no way to reduce peaks and fill valleys. of. Therefore, I can only give an approximate number, which is roughly between 200 and 500 people. And the people of Nine Banners, that is, 178,000 warriors. Thirty thousand of them are now outside the pass, and the remaining 140,000 to 50,000 are inside the pass, which is the maximum force that Dorgon can use.
Among the 140,000 to 50,000 people, at least 40,000 to 50,000 cannot be used unless necessary. They have to guard Beijing, watch Shanxi, and control Mongolia in southern Mongolia - the Khalkha Mongolia in northern Mobei have always been evil, the Oara Mongolia in western Moxi are getting stronger day by day, and Wu Sangui still exists in Gansu and Shaanxi. Therefore, Monan Mongolia has to guard it.
And to use a mere 100,000 people to deal with us and Zhang Xianzhong's hundreds of thousands of troops, can Dorgon be honest? It is reasonable to ask for mercy from us... Your Majesty, look, should we spare him now? "
The one who was speaking was Zu Kefa, the fourth minister. He had now arrived at Huai'an City, where Zhu Cihong was stationed, with Dorgon's handwritten letter begging for mercy.
When he arrived in Huai'an, the situation known as the "Second Northern Expedition of the Southern Ming Dynasty" was really optimistic!
On the Liaodong battlefield, Gao Jie's troops landed on the Jinzhou Peninsula and made smooth progress. The fleet carrying the first batch of landing troops totaling more than 2,000 successfully arrived at a bay facing the Bohai Sea ten miles northwest of Laotieshan on the evening of August 13, the 20th year of Chongzhen. The landing operation began immediately. Under the fire cover of three centipede ships each equipped with two 12-pound Hongyi cannons, the landing operation went extremely smoothly and encountered almost no resistance.
After successfully landing, 4 battalions of Gao's troops headed straight for Tieshan Town. After occupying Tieshan Town, they occupied Jiguan Mountain and Lahuwei (the peninsula at the entrance to Lushun) with two battalions. Subsequently, the two battalions, under the cover of three centipede boats, used small canoes to cross the sea from Laohwei and occupied the Golden Mountain across the water from Laohwei, thereby completely controlling the entrance to Lushunkou.
After acquiring Golden Mountain, Laohuwei, and Tieshan Town one after another. Gao Jie mobilized two more battalions of troops, and under the cover of the centipede ship entering Lushunkou, launched an attack on Baiyu Mountain east of Jinzhou Zhongzuosuo City. Without much effort, the attacking troops relied on their sharp muskets to repel Cao Mutan's troops who had to go out of the city to fight, and also captured hundreds of "Tatar heads".
After capturing Baiyu Mountain, the city of Zhongzuo in Jinzhou became a turtle in a urn. They only had to wait for the Beiyang Navy to transport the large-caliber mortars and follow-up troops to defeat the city in one fell swoop.
When more than 2,000 men from Gao Jie's command besieged the Qing Green Flag Soldiers at the Zhongzuo Command in Jinzhou, Kong Tingxun from Xiaoheishan didn't dare to attack at all. Instead, he sent four of his subordinates who were still moving around Xiaoheishan to attack them. All the people gathered in Xiaoheishan, and they put on a posture of clinging to the mountain. In fact, they gave up their position at Jinzhou Zhongzuo.
On the Shandong battlefield, the situation was also unexpectedly good.
The first to attack was the Qufu regiment under Shi Kefa. After they captured Ziyang County without any blood, Huang Degong, who had already arrived in Xuzhou in advance, also started to attack. More than 10,000 people under his command left Pei County and headed for Jining Prefecture City along the Grand Canal. Attack forward. The training troops of the Qufu regiment also came out in full force and approached Jining Prefecture City from the east. The two armies completed their rendezvous at the foot of Jining Prefecture City on the afternoon of August 11th.
The Qing army guarding the city was a Jia La (under the jurisdiction of four Niulu) of the Zhenglu Banner. They were a very gratifying team. They were originally scattered in Jining Prefecture, Ziyang County, Yutai County, and Jiaxiang County to farm. When the Ming army began to prepare for war in Beiliu Town, they knew something was wrong, and began to abandon their strongholds in Ziyang County, Yutai County, Jiaxiang County and other places, and retreated to Jining Prefecture where Jia La Zhangjing Yamen was located, and He tried his best to hoard food and supplies and repair the city wall. After dispatching troops to train in Qufu, he sent his family to Liaocheng, the most important stronghold of the Qing army in Shandong Province - Liaocheng was the seat of the governor's office of Shandong in the Qing Dynasty. It was also the palace of Kong Youde, king of Dingnan, and the left wing of the Zhenglu Banner. Gushan'e Zhenyamen is located.
After sending their families away, the Zhengluqi soldiers in Jining Prefecture City could only defend.
However, under the fierce attack of Huang Degong and Shi Kefa's 24,000-5,000 troops, there were less than 2,000 Zhenglu in the city of Jining Prefecture (the full number of the four Zhenglu Banner Niu Lu was two thousand, but some people escorted their families to Liaocheng). The flag defenders couldn't resist it at all - the Zhenglu Banner was the foundation of the Green Camp, and its combat effectiveness was much lower than that of the Old Eight Banners. Moreover, Jining Prefecture City had undergone "anti-artillery renovation", lowering the city walls, and piled up sandbags. An inclined plane. It can withstand the Hongyi cannon, but it is not conducive to withstanding the human sea offensive. If the green flag soldiers are equipped with a large number of bird cannons, turtle-dove foot cannons and artillery, it can also make up for the shortcoming of the city wall being easy to climb.
However, the Zhenglu flag guarding Jining Prefecture did not have many muskets and artillery. As a result, under the attack of the Qufu Iron Soldiers who shouted the slogan "Confucius bless...invulnerability", Jining Prefecture was defended for five days. After breaking through, more than a thousand green flag soldiers in the city became loyal martyrs of the Qing Dynasty!
Just a few days after the news of Jining's victory and more than a thousand "Tatar heads" were sent to Huai'an, Zukefa arrived with Dorgon's "letter begging for mercy".
In the letter, Dorgon not only agreed to issue an edict to admit his mistakes, but also proposed to use the boundaries of the middle reaches of the Yellow River and the northern Xuzhou state, plus the Sishui River in Yanzhou Prefecture, as well as the boundaries of Yanzhou Prefecture and Qingzhou Prefecture, plus Shanghai and Shanghai. The borders of Qingzhou Prefecture together constitute the dividing line between the Northern Qing Dynasty and the Southern Ming Dynasty.
At the same time, Dorgon also proposed in his begging letter that the Qing army withdraw from Shaanxi and Gansu in exchange for the Ming army withdrawing from Luliang Mountain. In other words, Dorgon would allow Wu Sangui of Shaanxi and Gansu to fall to the Ming Dynasty!
