"Today we are going to demonstrate appendectomy surgery on an experimental rabbit."
Li Ang picked up a rabbit with snow-white fur from the iron cage and placed it on the operating table at the edge of the classroom.
The students stood up from their seats and gathered around the table to observe.
"First put the experimental rabbit on the operating table, tie up its hands and feet, and then pull out the down on the rabbit's ears."
Li Ang explained his actions, "Rabbit ears are very thin. After pulling off the down, you can see the slender and curved ear veins. This is the most convenient place for injection on the rabbit.
Before injecting anesthesia, rub the rabbit's ears slightly and compress the marginal ear veins at the base of the ears to cause congestion and further vasodilation.
Dr. Qiu, I'm going to wash my hands and you'll give me the anesthetic. "
Li Ang walked to the sink and began to clean and disinfect his hands.
Qiu Feng picked up a syringe from the cart, which contained a prepared alkaloid agent with local anesthetic effects.
"The needle should be inserted at an angle of 45 degrees, not too crooked or too hard."
Qiu Feng took the syringe and accurately inserted it into the vein of the rabbit's ear. He said in a gentle tone: "Otherwise, it will penetrate the blood vessel and hit the subcutaneous tissue."
As the alkaloids were injected into the veins of the experimental rabbits, the rabbits gradually stopped moving and became limp.
Qiu Feng picked up the scissors and cut off the hair on the rabbit's abdomen.
At this time, Li Ang came over wearing gloves and goggles.
He took over the operating table and said calmly to the students around him: "Remember, standardized and precise movements are the real kindness to experimental animals."
True kindness?
Li Leling, who was in the outermost circle of the crowd, stood on tiptoes curiously and looked forward. She soon understood the meaning of this sentence.
Li Ang held the handle of the scalpel with his thumb and middle finger, leaned over and gently opened the abdomen of the experimental rabbit, explaining as he did so, "This is the skin, this is the subcutaneous fat, the abdominal linea alba, the transversalis fascia, the peritoneum... .”
Every time a layer of film is opened, Qiu Feng will use toothed tweezers to pull it.
The whole process is step-by-step, strange and beautiful.
"The retractor is pulled open to expose the field of view. Look carefully at the rabbit's appendix in the right lower abdomen. This is the colon, here is the cecum, and here is the appendix."
Li Ang used surgical instruments to separate, cut and ligate the mesoappendix, then removed the appendix of the experimental rabbit, and finally sutured the abdominal wall incision layer by layer to close the abdominal cavity.
The appendectomy of the experimental rabbit was completed neatly.
"You have memorized the content in the book many times, now you come to practice it."
Li Ang turned to the students and said: "A group of six people are responsible for fixation, anesthesia, incision, laparotomy, appendectomy, and abdominal closure. Each group will get a rabbit."
The students looked nervous and apprehensive. After being divided into groups, they took out rabbits one by one from the cage and placed them on the operating table. The process is carried out in a formal manner.
Li Leling watched the students' surgeries with curiosity and awe.
The doctor would disembowel the patient, cut off the affected area like cutting clothes, and then sew the wound back up. This was simply unimaginable in the past, and perhaps only a figure like Hua Tuo could compare it.
But now, a group of doctors who have been in school for less than a year can do it.
Perhaps, what Li Ang said will come true one day - every state, every county, has a hospital. It is convenient and quick for people to see a doctor. Death of infants and young children due to illness is no longer common, and people can easily live to be sixty, seventy, eighty...
Suddenly, a sharp scream interrupted Li Leling's thoughts.
A rabbit whose stomach had been cut open woke up during the operation, screamed, and struggled weakly while lying on the operating table.
The team members responsible for the operation were panicking while holding surgical instruments.
Many of the students studying at the Imperial Medical Office come from ordinary families, and they usually help their families kill chickens and ducks.
But slaughtering livestock,
It is completely different from seeing an experimental animal with its abdominal cavity open and struggling desperately on the operating table.
"Your anesthetic was not administered properly."
Li Ang walked over quickly, glanced at the experimental rabbit, and said calmly: "Get out of the way."
He squeezed past the students, used his mind power to suppress the struggling experimental rabbit, opened the medicine box, took out the mind thread, quickly sutured the rabbit's wound, and then injected it with anesthetic.
After the rabbit fell into coma and stopped moving, Li Ang turned around and glanced at the group of trembling students. "During the anesthetic process, if the needle fails to penetrate the vein of the rabbit's ear, local swelling will occur. At this time, The needle should be removed immediately..."
Before the words fell,
On the other side of the classroom, another group of students screamed—their operation went wrong, and the rabbit's abdomen continued to bleed, quickly blocking the surgical field of vision.
Li Ang stepped forward quickly, used his telekinesis to explore, frowned slightly and said, "You have cut a blood vessel."
"Do you want to stop the bleeding?"
The student in charge of the group of appendectomies said in fear, "Li, Dr. Li."
"It's too late. He lost too much blood and can't be saved."
Li Ang released his telekinesis and broke the rabbit's neck with a click.
There was silence in the classroom, and you could hear a pin drop.
Li Ang looked calmly, looked around the classroom, and said calmly to everyone: "Standardized and precise operations are the true kindness to experimental animals.
continue. "
He took two steps back and looked around the classroom.
Li Leling, who was standing at the back of the classroom, silently put down her tiptoed feet with a complicated expression.
From the perspective of a public course, this class is undoubtedly a failure.
Even though the students had been reading medical books for more than half a year and thought they were well prepared, they still made many mistakes when they actually started practicing.
In some groups, the anesthesia repeatedly failed to penetrate and had to be searched several times, resulting in the two rabbit ears of the experimental rabbit being bloody and bloody.
Some groups used too much tension and force when tying up experimental rabbits, which caused the rabbits to become frightened and incontinent.
All rabbits that survived the surgery were placed in special cages to observe the effects of postoperative healing.
The dead experimental rabbits were thrown into waterproof bags and transported to the incinerator for burning.
The open class ended in a somewhat silent and depressing atmosphere. The students put their schoolbags on their backs and left the classroom.
Li Ang and Qiu Feng were cleaning and counting surgical instruments in front of the sink.
"How about it?"
Li Ang turned his head and asked Li Leling casually: "This class."
Li Leling hesitated for a moment and asked in a low voice: "Are these rabbits bought from the market?"
"A very small part is bought from the market, and the vast majority are cultivated by the Imperial Medical Office."
Li Ang said calmly: "Experimental animals must have higher sensitivity, better repeatability, and consistency of responses.
Therefore, only genetically stable experimental rabbits can be obtained through training and breeding. "
Li Leling took a while to understand the meaning of this sentence and hesitated: "Isn't it a bit cruel?"
Li Ang paused slightly while counting the surgical instruments and said seriously: "This is why I need to take a medical ethics class first.
In the barbaric period when humans and gods co-existed, what was the average lifespan of a human being? Probably only a teenager.
And now, almost 20 or 30 years old.
With the development of medical technology and the spread of hospitals, the average life span of people in Yu will reach forty, fifty or even higher.
Everything has a price. If medicine is a giant white tower symbolizing light, then its feet must be filled with bones. "
Li Ang paused and said, "In addition to experimental rabbits, the Imperial Medical Office also breeds experimental rats.
They are bred from albino Mus musculus and albino Rattus norvegicus, and are produced through more than 20 generations of inbreeding between parents and offspring, and offspring and offspring.
In terms of quantity, reproductive capacity, and cost, it is the most suitable experimental animal.
Do you remember the anesthetic used in the surgery just now? "
Li Leling nodded. She had read the recent newspaper. Doctors in the Yu State army were already using this anesthetic to perform operations on injured soldiers in the army.
"In order to verify the safety of drugs, I have done many experiments. These include putting mice into sealed glass jars, releasing excessive anesthetic smoke into them, and observing the mice's reactions.
The mouse seemed to know its fate and ran around in panic in the glass jar, while I stood in front of the table, holding a pen and paper expressionlessly, taking notes.
As the smoke continues to spread,
Suddenly, it didn't know where it learned the action, and put its two little paws together, and bowed and bowed to me, until it was engulfed in smoke. "
Li Ang said: "It's like asking me to save it."
"Did you save it?"
Li Leling asked subconsciously.
The Haotian bell rang, and Li Ang's answer was drowned in the sound.
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