After Gao Pian regained Annan, he actively built the city of Jiaozhi, dredged sea transportation lines, and stabilized the southern border. After repelling Nanzhao in Chengdu, Gao Pian also built the outer city and actively deployed fortifications, which were both contemporary and beneficial for the future. These fortifications provided military support to resist Nanzhao's repeated invasion; he also sent the great monk Jingxian He coaxed and deceived Shilong, the leader of Nanzhao, and used marriage as bait to create a peaceful external environment; by the way, he made Nanzhao's civil and military officials kneel and kowtow to the envoy of the Tang Dynasty (the great monk Jingxian), and made history. significance.
Afterwards, Gao Pian used his power to form an alliance with Tubo and Fumo, built new fortresses in dangerous places, selected elite soldiers, and formed a new army - the "Pingyi Army", making it impossible for Nanzhao to be defeated again. A threat to the border of Datang.
A few months later, Shilong, the leader of Nanzhao, was furious to death. His son Longshun succeeded to the throne. Longshun changed the reign title to "Zhenming Chengzhi Datong", setting a precedent for the six-character reign title.
In the fourth year of Emperor Qianfu of the Tang Dynasty and the first year of Nanzhao Zhenming and Chengzhi Datong, in AD 877, Nanzhao sent envoys to Lingnan West Road to request reconciliation with the Tang Dynasty.
The military governor of Lingnan West Road at that time was none other than the old hero Comrade Xin Chen. Xin Tan reported to the emperor, and at the same time attached his own opinion. In view of the lack of national power, it was not appropriate to start a war with Nanzhao again, and suggested accepting reconciliation. Approved by the court.
So Xin Chan sent an envoy carrying official documents and gifts to follow the Nanzhao envoy back south. The two countries stopped fighting and rested.
The troops stationed by the Tang Dynasty on Lingnan West Road withdrew from the defense area in an orderly manner, and the total number of combat troops was reduced by 70%. This greatly reduces the burden on the central and local governments.
The Nanzhao War that lasted for twenty years finally came to an end.
However, Long Shun, the new leader of Nanzhao, never forgot that he had a marriage relationship with Tang Dynasty.
Longshun sent senior officials (deputy prime minister left) to Chang'an to urge the royal families of the two countries to get married. The deputy prime minister did not bring a memorial, but only an official document signed by their chief minister. There is a breach of etiquette.
The content of the official document was even more bold, rude, and full of provocation: Longshun called the Tang Dynasty his brother but not his minister. To overthrow the vassal-vassal relationship between Nanzhao and Datang.
They are not here to talk about marriage, they are clearly starting another war.
Xiaobang is rude! But it played into the hands of the Tang Dynasty.
You call yourself a brother but not a minister, right? Okay, let's talk about this topic slowly. As for the marriage, don't rush it, let's put it aside for now.
Especially since Nanzhao did not carry credentials, it was just an official document from a minister, which was even better! Why marry a princess, call yourself a brother instead of a minister... I'm too lazy to talk to you! The Tang court also put on airs, pretended to be deaf and dumb, and did not reply to him a word. Putting the burden of kicking football on the local government.
Xin Chan, the envoy of Jiedu of Lingnan West Road, was ordered to communicate with Nanzhao. However, the envoys sent by Xin Chen died of illness one after another, and they were unable to contact Nanzhao for more than half a year. Xin Tan himself was paralyzed in bed and was dying of his life.
Xin Tan summoned Inspector Xu Yunqian and held his hand tightly, bursting into tears and almost sobbing, "I have already gone to court and sent envoys to Nanzhao, but I didn't expect that the envoys died one after another. What should I do? My child. , since you are holding a national official position and receiving a salary from the court, you should solve problems for the country. Can you take the hard trip to Nanzhao? I just regret that I am paralyzed and cannot kneel down and kowtow to you!" After saying this, he sobbed and shed tears. Can't say anything again.
Xu Yunqian was so moved that he knelt down and replied: "A soldier will die for his confidant. Marshal, you promoted me to this position. I have always hated myself for not having the chance to repay you. Now that the opportunity has finally come, how dare I not complete this mission!"
Xin Tan was overjoyed, prepared generous luggage for him, and sent him on his way.
Xu Yunqian took Xin Chen's instructions, accepted the order at the critical moment, shouldered the heavy burden, and arrived in Nanzhao.
【Talking with Confucians】
Xu Yunqian had just arrived in Nanzhao Kingdom and was struck by his majestic power. Longshun, the leader of Nanzhao, treated Xu Yunqian with equal courtesy and ordered other envoys of the Tang Dynasty to kneel and kowtow to him.
Treating Xu Yunqian with equal courtesy was already considered insufficient etiquette. The minister of the superior state is the master of the current state. Although Long and Shun were the lords of a country, the envoys of the Tang Dynasty deigned to visit in a humble place, so Long and Shun should treat them as honored guests. The envoys of the suzerain country have the attribute blessing of "the first level of official status".
Longshun's move was completely a demonstration to the Tang Dynasty, declaring that he would no longer submit to the Tang Dynasty, Nanzhao would no longer regard the Tang Dynasty as the suzerain, and would not recognize the suzerain-vassal relationship.
In fact, objectively speaking, Longshun's approach is not clever and a bit naive.
The sect-vassal relationship between Nanzhao and the Tang Dynasty has long existed in name only. Even if Longshun obediently surrendered, the Tang Dynasty would only have a false name.
Moreover, the Tang Dynasty has always been very generous in terms of so-called "tribute", and Nanzhao has benefited from it.
What's more, Datang is currently being devastated by civil unrest and mutiny in various places, and is in urgent need of a relatively stable external environment. If the children from Nanzhao take the initiative to show their kindness and behave well at this time, they will definitely get a large piece of candy. This is an excellent political speculation.
To put it bluntly, why did you deceive the princess of Tang Dynasty first? Why do you have to worry about the issue of calling your brother and minister? So what if I were a grandson?
Longshun also carefully selected an honor guard to declare national power to Xu Yunqian.
Comparing military parades and ceremonial guards with the Chinese? It's just a trick. Xu Yunqian looked at it politely, smiling awkwardly but politely. Unmoved at all.
Longshun's show of force failed. If you can't do it in martial arts, then you can do it in literature.
Xu Yunqian handed over his credentials and returned to the post to rest.
Nanzhao's monarchs and ministers could not wait for the formal diplomatic meeting tomorrow, so they sent deputy ministerial officials directly to the Concierge Hotel to engage in a verbal battle with Xu Yunqian.
"The official document from your palace actually requires our emperor to pay tribute to the Tang Dynasty. Our emperor has sent a special envoy from Xichuan to Chang'an, and our country will become a brother's country, or become a nephew's country (referring to the marriage of the Tang princess) "
Faced with the aggressive attitude of Nanzhao ministers, Xu Yunqian showed the professionalism expected of a spokesman for the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of a great power. He was neither humble nor arrogant, quick-thinking, and responded generously. He adopted the language skills of building plank roads openly and secretly using Chencang to give Nanzhao ministers The minister traps.
Xu Yunqian smiled and asked leisurely: "Your emperor is the son of Emperor Jingzong (referring to Shilong, Jingzong is his posthumous title). Doesn't Emperor Jingzong have brothers? These brothers are all your emperor's uncles."
The Nanzhao ministers looked at each other and said, "Of course!" Their faces were slightly relaxed and their expressions were slightly relaxed.
Xu Yunqian made another move and went up to the house to take out the ladder: "The emperor is a monarch, even his uncle must bow to him, not to mention his brothers and nephews."
"This..." Only then did the Nanzhao ministers realize that they had been ambushed. They were all dumbfounded and unable to make any excuses.
Xu Yunqian took advantage of the victory to pursue him, beat the drowned dog, and continued: "What's more, your emperor's ancestors relied on the support and canonization of the Tang Dynasty to unify the six imperial edicts."
It's reasonable not to raise your voice. With a kind smile on his face, Xu Yunqian spoke calmly and unhurriedly, softly and soothingly, but like a needle hidden in cotton, soft yet strong.
With one sentence stuck in your mouth, why are you still brazenly talking about your "emperor"? What is the legal foundation of your emperor? The canonization of our Tang Dynasty! Legally speaking, your Nanzhao is a subordinate state of our Tang Dynasty. This is the root of it!
The officials in Nanzhao looked at each other in shock. It was an ironclad fact that no one could deny their debt.
"There are indeed small frictions between the two countries, and they are nothing more than small conflicts on the border between the two countries." Downplay the contradictions and pave the way for peace talks, rather than laying the groundwork for quarrels and bickering.
"Complying with the wishes of ancestors is 'filial piety'; serving a great country that is kind to oneself is 'righteousness'; ending wars is 'benevolence'; abiding by one's duties is 'propriety'. These four behaviors are all worthy of respect virtue.”
Could it be that you, Nanzhao, do not govern the world with benevolence and filial piety? Don’t you care about propriety, justice, integrity, benevolence, justice, propriety, wisdom and trust? Why did you establish a country?
The officials in Nanzhao were speechless. Only then did they realize how powerful the Tang Dynasty was. Any envoy or department-level cadre sent by the local military governor could refute the highest-level officials in their country speechless. right.
With respect for Xu Yunqian and awe of the suzerain country Tang Dynasty, the ministers of Nanzhao bid farewell to Xu Yunqian and truthfully reported the defeat of Nanzhao to Longshun, the leader of Nanzhao.
Longshun was also in awe of Xu Yunqian, and felt even more guilty towards Datang. So they increased the reception standards and enthusiastically stayed for more than half a month to show their goodwill to Datang.
When Xu Yun Qianlin returned home, Longshun gave him two wooden boxes containing official documents, one to the Prime Minister's Office (Zhongshu) and the other to Lingnan West Road. In the official document, Longshun was convinced and still refused to pay tribute to the Tang Dynasty.
Although Nanzhao refused to surrender to the Tang Dynasty, its weak national power no longer allowed it to continue waging war against the Tang Dynasty. They can only live a life of addiction and poverty.
Xu Yunqian fulfilled his mission and successfully completed the Nanzhao mission.
It would be perfect if Longshun, the leader of Nanzhao, could submit a letter of surrender and a letter of acceptance to the Tang Dynasty during this mission, and surrender to the Tang Dynasty. Then Xu Yunqian's visit to Nanzhao will be as famous as Zhang Jian's mission to the Western Regions and Su Wu's shepherding, leaving a glorious page in the history of Chinese diplomacy.
Because once Nanzhao completely surrendered, the Tang Dynasty would have more energy and resources to deal with the Huangchaocao Army, and perhaps the timetable for the Tang Dynasty's demise would be delayed by a few years.
History cannot be assumed.
What's more, Xu Yunqian was appointed in a critical situation, and Xin Tan really had no choice, so to put it bluntly, he was rushing to the shelves. It is remarkable that Xu Yunqian was able to do this, not humiliate the country in the face of huge pressure, and use the power of his lips and tongue to intimidate the emperor and ministers of Nanzhao. We can no longer ask a weak scholar without military escort to completely conquer Nanzhao with a few words. It is too difficult for Comrade Xu Yunqian.
Despite this, Xu Yunqian's visit to Nanzhao should be regarded as a quite successful diplomatic event, shining brightly in the history of diplomacy.
It was precisely because Nanzhao was pacified that the imperial court dared to transfer Gao Pian away.
The new Jiedushi who succeeded Gao Pian was also a ruthless character. He was Cui Anqian, the former Zhongwu Army Jiedushi who repeatedly defeated Wang Huangcao's army.
