In the second year of Kangxi and Qianlong, the relationship between the Qing Dynasty and the four European countries entered the honeymoon period. The Qing emperor once said that China's material resources should be measured to win the country's favor. This is certainly not a slogan. Fan Wencai, the plenipotentiary minister of the Qing Dynasty, and Column, the representative of the East India Company, discussed Issues such as treaty ports and tariff rates were discussed in depth and extensively.
Just like during the Opium War in later generations, Qi Shan, the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, and Yi Lu, the representative of the British Chamber of Commerce, negotiated and signed the "Treaty of Nasal Puncture". Neither the Qing nor the British representatives had the right to represent their countries.
With Fan Wencai's efforts, the Qing Dynasty will open fifteen treaty ports along the coast to European merchants, from Yingkou in Liaodong in the north to Lingao in Hainan in the south. Basically, all the important ports that can be found on the map have become treaty ports. British merchants saw The representatives of the Qing Dynasty were so sincere in the peace talks and also made a statement. In the future, when the Qing army marches south to enter the customs, all the firearms instructors needed will be provided by the Kingdom of Britain. Of course, His Majesty the Qing Emperor will need to pay a certain fee. If necessary, the British Royal Navy can also intervene. The pacification of the small southern court.
When Fan Wencai reported the negotiation conditions to Emperor Du Du, Du Du did not show any dissatisfaction with the loss of power and humiliation of the country. After all, he did not understand topics such as tariff rates. As for the opening of treaty ports, most ports have not yet opened up. In the hands of the Qing Dynasty, just open up.
The only thing that made the emperor a little uncomfortable was that the red-haired barbarians actually asked to cede Weihaiwei and Hong Kong Island. Hong Kong was fine and had nothing to do with the Qing Dynasty. Weihaiwei could not be occupied by the red-haired barbarians casually, otherwise it would happen sooner or later. It's a scourge. However, the Qing Dynasty was in urgent need of red-haired Yijian ships and cannons to deal with the Liu thieves and Nanming, so the emperor could only endure it for now.
Last winter, rumors began to spread in Liaodong that Emperor Wu Ding had defeated the Ming army in the Northern Expedition in Shandong and was preparing troops for the Northern Expedition in Linqing.
Du Du dismissed this. He suspected that this was just a rumor deliberately spread by the Shenyang defenders. He did not believe that Liu Zhaosun was still alive. In order to confirm whether the Daqi Emperor was really killed in the bombing, the Qing Emperor spent a full two days on it. After a month of investigation, it was confirmed that Liu Zhaosun was dead. Could it be that the person leading the troops fighting in Shandong was a ghost?
Emperor Du Du of the Qing Dynasty did not know about the tragedy that was happening in southern Liaoning at this time, because the sentries sent by the leader of the Xianglan Banner to Shenyang for help encountered a double interception by the Shaanxi Corps and the Horqin Cavalry on the way. When the white-armored soldiers of the Xianglan Banner fled back to Shenyang, Emperor Wu Ding's Eastern Expedition army was already following them, and was about to catch up right under Du Du's nose.
Yes, the Qing emperor had long known that the British merchant ship was ambushed in Shandong and the Hongmao Yi lost a batch of artillery.
However, the emperor believed that it was the work of Shandong pirates and had nothing to do with Liu Thief.
Du Du firmly believed that Liu Zhaosun was dead and the Qi army in the pass was dead or surrendered. He could not and could not believe that Liu Zhaosun was now entrenched in Shandong and was landing in southern Liaoning. Du Du is unwilling and afraid to accept the fact that Emperor Wu Ding is resurrected. Of course, in the next few days, he will have to face this tragic reality.
Du Du will not make the mistakes Nurhaci made in Shenyang again. Compared with the late Jin Khan, the Qing emperor now had stronger troops and horses, and was supported by European allies. Du Du said that in proportion to China's material resources and the happiness of the country, the trading ports opened to Europeans by the Qing emperor have now expanded from Yingkou, Liaodong to the Yangtze River. Wusongkou.
Just like the negotiations between Qi Shan, the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, and the British businessman Yi Lu in the later Opium War, the negotiations between Qing Dynasty Ambassador Fan Wencai and the East India Company were also similar.
The negotiations went quite smoothly. The Qing Dynasty not only negotiated with the East India Company, Britain, France, and Spain, but also found common interests with Tsarist Russia.
