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The main text is about investigating the Jinling Japanese Pharmacy, with some explanations of reasoning and detection ideas.
Zuo Zhong is about character, but Dai Chunfeng is about attitude. In the past, people's sincerity was probably based on their character. Honesty, sincerity, and sincerity are the virtues of a gentleman; dishonesty is a deceitful villain. Character is half born and half nurtured; the expression of character comes from nature and is the whole person. To say that a person is an honest gentleman or a deceitful villain is to settle accounts based on his deeds. A gentleman will probably always be a gentleman, and a villain will probably always be a villain. Although it is said that temperament can change and a person can only be judged after the coffin is closed, those are just special cases. In the society, there are not many stereotyped gentlemen and villains. Most ordinary people float between these two realms. The so-called ups and downs means that these people cannot control themselves, and they will inevitably be deceitful. This is also due to nature. On another level, these people sometimes consciously increase or decrease their sincerity towards people and things to adapt to the situation. That's the attitude. Attitude does not necessarily reflect character; an honest friend may lie or something when forced to do so. Attitudes arise out of necessity, out of social or social necessity. Ordinary people cannot avoid this necessity. This is a project of "Sophisticated People". Sometimes it’s forgiven, sometimes it’s even tolerated. There are many changes in attitudes, which may be more interesting in today's ever-changing society. The words "sincerity", "sincerity" and "hypocrisy" that we often say in our mouths and write in our pens are probably all about attitude.
But it seems that most people use these words too strictly. According to their view, there are too many dishonest and insincere people. When young people look at people and things in society, except for themselves, almost everything is hypocritical. Using the word "hypocrisy" in this way seems too broad. These are the same general mistakes as the old gentlemen who keep saying "people's hearts are not as old as they used to be, and the world's moral standards are declining." Most people seem to confuse character and attitude, and young people do the same, but they add fantasies about "innocence" and "purity." Honest character is indeed rare, but no one has faults. No matter what aspect, there are always very few perfect people or sages. I'm afraid we can only be more lenient and humble, and focus on attitude. Otherwise, there will be too many unnecessary worries and disputes. As for innocence and purity, it seems to be just the duty of children - old-fashioned children are really not pleasing to the eye. But if a person remains so innocent and pure, he may not have much trouble for himself, but he will cause too much trouble to others. Some people praise "childlike innocence" and "childishness", but these are limited to small programs about the general situation, which can adjust the atmosphere of the tablet. If this is the case at an important moment, then innocence may be just willfulness, and purity may just be ignorance. Fortunately, insincerity, insincerity, hypocrisy, etc. have become mantras. Most people just follow everyone's words, and at most they frown, sneer, and express their helplessness. Of course, you can't be serious, but it will hurt yourself and even hurt others. Young people are prone to seriousness and dissatisfaction, and their dissatisfaction is often the driving force for social reform. But they must also be careful. If they take the distinction between sincerity and hypocrisy too seriously, they may become nihilists.
Song Minghao and Gu Qi have their own differences between things, and it is most difficult for their words and deeds to be just right. Sincerity is indispensable, but differences vary, so you might as well consider adding or subtracting a little. This is where all the etiquette and formalities come from. Some people say that etiquette is the art of life, and this is the original meaning of etiquette. The so-called politeness in daily life is also a kind of courtesy or formality. Some people think that being polite is too formal, not sincere, and not a sincere attitude. These people advocate spontaneity and nature. It's okay to be spontaneous, but it depends on the person. It would be a bit wild to behave like this when meeting strangers. Even if they are acquaintances, it is natural to be uncontrolled and willful. The couple is well acquainted, and sometimes they have to "respect each other as guests", as others can imagine. In short, in different situations, straightforwardness can naturally express sincerity, and politeness can also express sincerity, but the degree of sincerity is different. Be polite and generous, and be consistent with your status, otherwise there will be too much sincerity; if there is too much sincerity, sincerity will be too cheap.
Visiting people, treating guests, and giving gifts are all just formalities. Some people say these are just hypocritical clichés and boring stuff. But these actually show sincerity. You have to have this person in your heart before you go to see him, invite him, and give him gifts. This shows sincerity. As for the number of visits and the length of time, please be the host and guest or accompany the guest. The situation of giving gifts is only a matter of sincerity, not whether it is present or not. When you look at someone, you look back, when you treat a guest, you get a return treat, when you give a gift, you get a gift in return, and that's just sincerity. As the old saying goes, "It is disrespectful to come back but not to reciprocate." No matter ancient or modern, human feelings are always the same. There was a man who was giving New Year's gifts and going around and around. One of the gifts he gave out actually came back to him. He found it hypocritical and boring, and treated it as a joke. It was indeed a joke, but there was still sincerity. Another person met an unfamiliar friend on the road and said to him, "I want to see you." This person told others, "He doesn't need to come to see me. I also know that he won't come to see me. You see This sentence is meaningless!" That friend seemed to have too much sincerity. Ms. Ling Shuhua wrote a short story called "Foreign Rules", which tells about a young international student who accompanied a lady from his hometown to the park and greeted her in this way and that. She thought she had made him fall in love, but little did she know that he was only practicing "foreign rules"! This comedy overestimates the sincerity of the international student because the lady from the old family does not understand the new etiquette and new cutscenes. It can be seen that sincerity does have weight.
People live for themselves and for others. Taking care of other people's emotions without harming one's own identity must be regarded as sincerity and sincerity. Such a generous view may make some people's lives more interesting. There is a saying in the West: "Life is a show." It's okay to be a show, as long as you have the intention to do it for the best. I'm sorry, some people may think it's just a show, but as long as it's for everyone's benefit, this kind of show is worth doing. On the other hand, sincerity and sincerity may not be a joke. Nowadays, people often say, "I am telling you sincerely", "I am very sincere", flaunting their sincerity and sincerity, with the air of a salesman saying that the melon is sweet, but an honest gentleman may not be like this. However, most people have become accustomed to it and know that this is just to increase the weight of sincerity and emphasize their own attitude. It is not the same thing as the shouting of traders. Ordinary people are ordinary people after all, and they have to increase or decrease their sincerity and change their attitude according to the situation; this is inevitably a bit of a joke. There is also a saying in the West, "Honesty is the best policy", and "honesty" is just an attitude; this seems to be a joke.
Wu Chunyang and Fu Ling
The same sentence "I invite you to play at my house tomorrow" will make children full of expectations. Once it fails, they will have no friends for a while; adults will only treat it as a courtesy and joke, but once it comes true, they will be a little surprised: he actually It's true. This is actually how to treat the issue of "sincerity". It would be too childish for adults to regard politeness as a blessing and accuse others of dishonesty.
We tend to confuse character and attitude, and unconsciously lean toward character. What is the difference between character and attitude? The author said: Character is born and cultivated, and is the whole person; attitude is the conscious addition or subtraction of sincerity to people and things in order to adapt to changes in circumstances.
Since sincerity often refers to an attitude, and the attitude changes according to the situation, etiquette and formalities, such as politeness, naturally arise. Politeness is frank and relative. Frankness is good, but it depends on the person and the situation. Politeness is sometimes considered to be hypocritical, but it can also express sincerity.
Expressing courtesy to others and accepting courtesy from others is still a skill. When expressing politeness, you must be generous (moderate) and appropriate (appropriate), otherwise your sincerity will appear "cheap". Cheap here means reduced value. Precisely because sincerity carries weight, over-expressing politeness and expressing it regardless of status and occasion will cause resentment or misunderstanding on the part of the recipient. The several examples given by the author of seeing people, treating guests, and giving gifts are very good examples. Good proof.
How do you deal with the fact that although there is sincerity in daily life, there is always a bit of false politeness? The author said: "Live for yourself and live for others. Taking care of other people's emotions without harming your own identity must be regarded as sincerity and sincerity"; "There is no harm in acting, as long as you have the intention to do it for the best." You You see, "taking care of the whole" means having the heart of "doing good for everyone". With such a heart, what can you criticize? Only a wonderful person like the author can have such insight into life.
Only when you have yourself can you have others, and only when others have you can you have yourself. Everyone understands this principle, but many people cannot practice it. Originally, there are all others besides myself, but some are relevant and some are irrelevant. It can be said that those that are "mine", such as my parents, wife, my friends, etc., are relevant others, and the rest are irrelevant others. Relevant others form family and friends with oneself; unrelated others form society and country with oneself. He may be willing to only care about himself, but he and others exist relative to each other. He would not care about himself without others, so he has to take care of his family, relatives, and friends, and society and the state require him to take care of those irrelevant others. Therefore, "self-centered" is not a good man, "self-care" is not a good word, and "selfish", "disregarding the life and death of others", and "only knowing oneself but not others" are not good people. Therefore, the way of Confucius is just loyalty and forgiveness: loyalty means to do to others what you want, and forgiveness means "do not do to others what you don't want to do to yourself." These are two sides of the same thing, so we say "consistently". The way of Confucius only teaches people to consider others.
But if Confucianism has the concept of "killing relatives", there is also a level of consideration for others. Family comes first, relatives second, friends third, and irrelevant others. For thousands of years, caring for the family has been an obligation, but caring for others is more important. Less is just loyalty; obligations are due, and loyalty is extra. But the obligations seem to be too heavy, and others are suppressing them. This is the May Fourth era.
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