For the Jurchens, the current situation has undergone fundamental changes compared with the past. In the past, no matter how powerful the Jurchens were, they were still a loose tribal organization controlled by the Liao State; but now it is different. Now that the Jurchens formally established a country, and Wanyan Aguda proclaimed himself emperor, it was equivalent to mutual agreement with the Liao and Song Dynasties. equal political power, this cannot help but make Wanyan Aguda attach great importance to the country's development prospects.
At present, the first problem that Wanyan Aguda needs to solve is the capital issue, that is, where should the capital of Daijin be located?
Wanyan Aguda felt that the capital of Dajin must be far away from the core area of Khitan, so that it can erode the territory of Khitan, and retreat to ensure its own safety. At the same time, it can also facilitate the control of various Jurchen areas, so that the Jurchen people can develop themselves in politics, economy, culture, etc. .
Based on the factors of appeal, Wanyan Aguda proposed, Wanyan Sagai and others negotiated, and finally unanimously agreed to set the capital of Dajin in Huining Mansion.
After solving the problem of establishing the capital, the problems of military and administrative organization became urgent problems to be solved. In this regard, Wanyan Aguda mainly implemented reforms in two aspects. The first is the reform of the military establishment. The purpose of the reform is to make Daijin's army more suitable for the needs of large-scale operations; the second is the reform of official positions, focusing on the promotion and use of clan members and meritorious personnel to make Daikin's development more stable and reliable.
First, let’s talk about Wanyan Aguda’s reform of the military establishment of Daijin.
Before the Jurchens founded their country, the Jurchens' military system was mainly organized in the form of Meng'an Muke.
What is Meng An Mo Ke? Meng'an and Mouke are two different terms, both of which are Jurchen military and social organizations.
In the early days, there were often fights between the Jurchen tribes, which required the Jurchen tribes to organize and form tribal armed forces to deal with the battles between the tribes and ensure that they took the initiative in the tribal battles. In order to adapt to the situation at that time, various Jurchen tribes established muke organizations based on blood relations. The number of people per Mooke is roughly around 300.
Later, the large tribes annexed the small tribes, gradually forming a certain scale and becoming the larger Jurchen tribe; as the larger Jurchen tribe, it also needs to continue to annex other larger tribes with stronger strength, which requires increasing its own armed forces. strength. Under such circumstances, the Meng'an Organization emerged. Although it was still affected by blood relations, it was mainly characterized by geography. The Meng'an organization is composed of Muke organizations, and generally ten Muke's constitute a Meng'an.
Before the founding of the Jurchen nation, the scale of the battles between the Jurchens were relatively small. Before Wanyan Yingge attacked Ashu City, there had never been a battle involving more than a thousand people. After the founding of the Jurchen Republic, Meng'an Muke's military organization could no longer adapt to foreign wars. In addition, with the establishment of imperial rule, a unified military and social structure was necessary. Therefore, it was necessary to establish a unified military and social structure for Meng'an Muke, whose ownership rights were not clear before. Organize it for change.
Based on this, Wanyan Aguda established the Bojilie system.
Bo Jilie was the commander-in-chief of the military forces of various tribes. Before the founding of the Jurchen nation, the form of Bojilie actually existed. For example, Wanyan Aguda served as "Dubojilie", which means "leader of the military alliance." But at that time, Bojilie was just a formality and did not form a system. There was only one "Bojilie", which was held by Wanyan Aguda.
After the founding of the Jin Kingdom, the Meng'an Muke system was reformed and the Bojilie system was formed, which were Du Bojilie, Shuban (big) Bojilie, Guolun (honorable) Bojilie, and Hulu ( Commander-in-Chief Bo Jilie and Zhang Si (Deputy Commander) Bo Jilie.
The above Bojilie are all kings who assist the emperor in discussing affairs. The personnel responsible for various positions are:
Dubo Jilie Wanyan Aguda became the emperor.
After knowing Banbo Jilie Wanyan Wu begged to buy, he became the crown prince, the successor after the emperor's death. Because Wanyan Wu Qimai was the younger brother of Wanyan Aguda, he was determined to be familiar with Bamboo Jilie so that he could inherit the throne of Daijin in the future when Wanyan Aguda was away.
Guo Lun Bo Ji Lie Wan Yan Sa Gai is equivalent to the Prime Minister of the country.
Khulu Bo was extremely powerful and perfect in his speech, and he was equivalent to the first assistant to the Prime Minister.
Zan Sibo Jilie Wanyan Xieye is equivalent to the second assistant to the Prime Minister.
After the reform of the Meng'an Muke organization, the Jin Kingdom formed the Bojilie system. All major national affairs are decided by the five Bojilie through consultation. If the other four Bojilie disagree with the matter, it will be treated as a decision by all Bojilie. Even Wanyan Aguda cannot have his own way. This institutionally ensures the correctness and stability of Jin's decision-making.
The next step is the redistribution of power.
It is obvious that Wanyan Agudabojilie system firstly confirmed the status of his younger brother Wanyanwu as the begging crown prince, and secondly confirmed Wanyansa's status as the prime minister of the country.
It is easy to understand Wanyan Wu’s status as begging for the crown prince, because the Jin Kingdom implemented the inheritance system of brother to brother in the earliest days to ensure the maturity of the heir; Wanyan Sa changed the status of the country’s prime minister, mainly to balance the family relationship. distribution of power.
Wanyan Sagai was Wanyan Aguda's uncle and cousin, and his son was Wanyan Nianhan, who had great strength. Within the Jurchen tribe, Wanyan Aguda and Wanyan Sagai practiced dividing and governing various tribes. Because Wanyan Sagai had a distinguished status and high prestige among the Jurchen tribe, he was determined to be the most powerful person in the country.
Wanyan Sagai and Wanyan Nianhan actively persuaded Wanyan Agu to ascend to the throne for the following three reasons.
First, for the sake of the government.
In fact, the Jurchen people's rebellion against Liao was unlike some rebels in the Central Plains. In the Central Plains dynasties, the rebels often "gather up food and slowly proclaim themselves king." This is because once there is chaos in the Central Plains, all the heroes will often come together to kill the leader. Whoever proclaims himself king and emperor first will cause everyone to siege. After several generations of management by the Wanyan Tribe, the surrounding tribes have been annexed by the Wanyan Tribe, and no tribe can compete with the Wanyan Tribe. Therefore, establishing a country and proclaiming the emperor early can bring all the tribes back together and help form a joint force. , united against Liao.
Secondly, Wanyan Aguda can do it himself.
Wanyan Aguda's actions were extremely fierce, he was brave and good at fighting, and he often braved arrows and stones to charge into battle. In the first battle with the Liao Kingdom, Wanyan Aguda killed Liao General Yelu Xie Shi with one axe. Obviously, if Wanyan Aguda became the emperor, he would naturally be bound by the country and would not be allowed to charge into battle like a general. Preserving Wanyan Aguda's life was also his responsibility to the Kingdom of Jin.
The third reason is to avoid suspicion.
Since Wanyan Sagai had a noble status and high prestige among the Jurchen tribe, he posed a threat to Wanyan Aguda and made Wanyan Aguda have some scruples. Wanyan Sagai and Wanyan Nianhan actively persuaded him to join, which showed that Wanyan Sagai and his family had no intention of competing for the throne, and would absolutely obey Wanyan Aguda without any second thoughts. As Wanyan Aguda's uncle, Wanyan Sagai knew very well that Wanyan Aguda's status had been determined by his uncle Wanyan Qilibo decades ago. It had legal significance and could not be tampered with.
Therefore, Wanyan Sagai and Wanyan Nianhan were more active than anyone else in persuading Wanyan Aguda to proclaim himself emperor.
Seeing that the public expected him to return, Wanyan Aguda naturally followed the trend and founded the country and proclaimed himself emperor.
After Wanyan Aguda founded the country and proclaimed himself emperor, he stepped up his attack on the Liao Kingdom.
Let’s talk about the Liao court. Yelu Yanxi lost several cities including Ningbian Prefecture, and was defeated in the Yahe River. Later, he heard that Wanyan Aguda established his country in Huining Prefecture and proclaimed himself emperor, openly confronting the Liao Kingdom. Suddenly he became furious.
Yelu Yanxi immediately convened a meeting of ministers to determine the policies and strategies against the Jin Kingdom. The ministers all knew what Yelu Yanxi meant. In addition, the Jurchens under the rule of the Liao Dynasty established their own country and proclaimed themselves emperor. They had no other choice but to conquer and suppress them. Therefore, they unanimously advocated the use of force to conquer the Jurchens.
Yelu Yanxi then ordered Yelu Oriduo to be the commander-in-chief, Xiao Yixue to be the deputy commander-in-chief on the left, and Yelv Zhangnu the deputy commander-in-chief on the right. He ordered 200,000 cavalry and 70,000 infantry to be divided into three groups, which was a mighty and powerful campaign. , kill the ancient city of Bendalu.
The ancient city of Daru is a place close to the cities captured by the Jurchens.
For a time, banners covered the sky, and people and horses covered the ground. They were majestic and mighty.
Because the Jurchens are good at fighting, before Yelu Oriduo led his troops to set off, Yelu Yanxi specially summoned Yelu Oriduo and specifically told him: "It is the best policy for the commander-in-chief to defeat the enemy without fighting when he goes on an expedition." Today, our soldiers have not experienced war for a hundred years, and their combat power has long been degraded. You should use your overwhelming force to intimidate the Jurchens to negotiate peace, and do not fight if you can. Of course, when two armies are facing each other, it is sometimes wishful thinking not to fight. If we must fight, we must keep the troops relatively concentrated so that the Jurchens cannot bite them. We must not disperse our troops and be eaten by the Jurchens."
Emperor Tianzuo's intention was that he was afraid that the imperial army would not be able to defeat the Jurchens, which would expose the weaknesses of the imperial army and allow the Jurchens to make further progress, so he gave this instruction.
Yelu'oriduo was ordered to go on an expedition. Although he commanded nearly 300,000 troops and rushed toward the ancient city of Daru, he actually only wanted to force the Jurchens to negotiate a peace and did not make preparations for a necessary war.
The kings and ministers of the Jin Kingdom heard that the Liao Kingdom's 300,000-strong army was rushing toward them. They didn't know where they were going, and they were very frightened.
Wanyan Wu went to see Wanyan Aguda and said: "The Liao general Yeluoriduo commanded an army of 300,000 to kill the ancient city of Bendalu. In addition to wanting to fight with our country, the most important thing is to defend the border: the current situation Next, our country should avoid its sharp edge and attack it from the flank. If it fails, we can retreat quickly."
Wanyan Aguda heard this and said: "The enemy is facing us now, so we can only face him head-on. If we retreat, it may cause instability in the morale of the army and the possibility of defeat. This is really an unbearable burden."
Wanyan Wu begged to say: "After all, the Liao army has 300,000 soldiers and horses, and our Dajin only has tens of thousands of soldiers and horses. It is obviously not advisable to fight head-on. In my opinion, should we summon Zhu Boji General Lie and Lieutenant General will hold a meeting to study and determine the strategic policy against the Liao army?"
Wanyan Aguda heard this and said: "Okay, let's hold a pre-war meeting, firstly to study the strategic policy, and secondly as a pre-war mobilization."
Immediately, Wanyan Aguda summoned the generals to discuss how to face the Liao army.
