What important things did the mediocre Emperor Yelu Yanxi forget? What was the reason that prompted Wanyan Agu to rebel against the Liao Dynasty? This has to be said about two things that happened last year.
Let’s talk about the first thing that happened last year.
In the first ten days of the first month of last year, Emperor Tianzuo set out from Linhuang Mansion in Shangjing, Liao Dynasty. He spent more than ten days traveling and enjoying himself, and arrived at Huntongjiang River in early February.
This is the custom of the Liao royal family. Every year in the first month of the year, they go to Huntong River to hunt. This hunting activity lasted for more than two months, and the hunting lasted until the end of March. When the ice in the Hun Tong River melted, fishing began, and then the spring feast was held on the bank of the Hun Tong River.
When Yelu Yanxi wandered all the way to the Hun Tong River, it was early spring and the water in the Hun Tong River had not yet melted. Emperor Zuo of Liao ordered his troops to camp on the ice and dig through the ice for fishing. Accompanying the ministers and cronies, they camped on the ice, cut through the thick ice of the Hun Tong River, and caught big fish in the Hun Tong River.
On this day, the ministers really caught a big fish. Yelu Yanxi was very happy, so he arranged a banquet so that the emperor and his ministers could gather together to celebrate and have fun. This custom is the traditional spring bowl of Liao Dynasty.
What is "Nabo"? "Nabo" is a Khitan language, which means the tent set up by the Khitan emperor in the hunting and fishing areas.
According to the "History of Liao Dynasty·Xingwei Zhi": "To the south of the Great Wall, there is more rain and more crops. The people cultivate crops for food, mulberry and hemp for clothing, palaces for living, and city walls for governance. In the desert, it is cold and windy, and livestock They fished for food and fur for clothing. They could move around at any time, and cars and horses were their home. The weather and location were favorable, so it was limited to the north and the south. The Liao Kingdom had deserts all over, including the Great Wall, so it was suitable to manage the cold in autumn and winter, and to escape the heat in spring and summer. , fishing with water and grass, and taking it as a normal thing every year. There are places to go in each of the four seasons, which is called 'Nabo'."
It can be seen from this that the Nabo system of the Liao Kingdom was a product of the living habits of the Khitan people, who were mainly nomadic fishers and hunters.
During the Later Jin Dynasty, because Shi Jingtang ceded the Sixteen Prefectures of Yanyun and Khitan, the Liao Kingdom under the leadership of Emperor Taizong Yelv Deguang had a vast territory. Its territory included the vast area south of the Great Wall. It was exposed to many farming cultures and had a high degree of Chineseization. But in the end It has not changed its nomadic fishing and hunting customs.
Although the Liao Dynasty also built the "Five Capitals", due to the influence of nomadic customs, they stayed in four different places in spring, summer, autumn and winter every year, traveling almost all year round. The Nabo system, which evolved from the living customs of the Khitan people, was followed unchanged from the beginning to the end of the Liao Dynasty.
Now, Emperor Tianzuo holds the "Spring Bowl".
At this time, the heads of various places in the Liao Kingdom, including the leaders of the Jurchen tribes, had already arrived at the Huntong River in advance as usual. They each set up tents and lived there, waiting specifically to attend the fish feast of the Emperor of Liao.
As the leader of the Wanyan tribe of the Jurchen tribe and the envoy of the Jurchen Jiedushi, Wanyan Aguda was no exception. He also came to the bank of the Huntong River early with his entourage, set up a tent, and waited to participate in Emperor Tianzuo's fish feast.
Emperor Tianzuo's fish feast finally started, and the atmosphere was warm and joyful.
Emperor Tianzuo sat on the dragon chair in front, looking at the ministers in the hall, all beaming with joy, and dancing happily.
During the banquet, according to past practice, Emperor Tian Zuo ordered the leaders of the Jurchen tribes to perform dances to cheer up the banquet.
The Jurchen tribe is good at singing and dancing. It was at Emperor Tian Zuo's fish feast and they drank too much shochu. The leaders of each tribe of the Jurchen tribe were extremely excited. They all used their skills to dance to the entertainment and danced like a fairy. Emperor Tianzuo laughed so happily that he shook his head and danced with the people on the high seat.
After several Jurchen tribe leaders finished dancing, it was the turn of Wanyan Agu from the Wanyan tribe of the Jurchen tribe to be beaten.
Emperor Tianzuo was in high spirits, so he looked down, waiting for the next Jurchen tribe leader to perform the dance. Emperor Tianzha waited for a long time, but no one came out to perform the dance. Emperor Tianzha then darkened his face and became unhappy.
When all the ministers saw this, they all became frightened and anxious, and asked each other which Jurchen tribe leader should perform the dance. But after learning that Aguda from the Wanyan tribe was performing the dance, all the ministers looked at Wanyan Aguda and wondered why Yan Aguda didn't get up to perform the dance.
Wanyan Aguda didn't want to dance for Yelu Yanxi because he was unhappy. At the banquet seat, Wanyan Agu was seen sitting firmly, with no intention of getting up to dance.
The scene cooled down, and Emperor Tianzuo was displeased, so he asked Wanyan Aguda: "Everyone else is dancing for me, why don't you dance for me?"
Wanyan Agu yawned and replied coldly: "I can't dance."
The Jurchen tribe was originally good at singing and dancing. In addition to being the leader of the Wanyan tribe of the Jurchen tribe, Wanyan Aguda was also a shaman.
What is the "shaman" of the Jurchens? The "Shaman" of the Jurchens is a kind of belief, which played a vital role in the development of Manchu civilization in later generations. In the beginning, those who spread the shamanistic belief were Jurchen poets, singers, dancers, magicians and the like. During the performance, they danced, sang and danced, which was extremely festive. of,
As a "shaman", Wanyan Aguda is very good at dancing. Now, Wanyan Aguda said that he couldn't dance. It was obvious that he was conflicted and unwilling to dance for Emperor Tianzuo.
At that time, Emperor Tianzuo heard that Wanyan Aguda said that he could not dance, and he became furious. He jumped up from his seat, rushed into the hall, took out the knife from his waist, and wanted to kill Wanyan on the spot. Aguda.
Xiao Wuna, who was also attending Yelu Yanxi's fish feast, saw Yelu Yanxi rushing down from his seat and taking out a knife to kill Wanyan Aguda. He thought it was an opportunity, so he took the opportunity to provoke Emperor Tianzuo to increase his power. He was so angry that he took the opportunity to kill Wanyan Aguda.
Therefore, Xiao Wutian stood up and shouted jealously: "Aguda is so unreasonable! A small tribal leader, who also holds the hereditary position of imperial military envoy, openly defied the emperor's decree and defied His Majesty the Emperor in public. , If you don’t kill this guy, what will you do with him?!”
Emperor Tianzuo became even more angry when he heard this and rushed towards Wanyan Aguda.
At that time, Xiao Fengxian was favored by Emperor Tianzuo. He saw Emperor Tianzuo draw his sword and rush towards him to kill Wanyan Aguda. He quickly got up, rushed to Emperor Tianzuo and stopped Emperor Tianzuo alone.
Xiao Fengxian persuaded Emperor Tianzuo: "My lord, Wanyan Aguda is a rough man. He doesn't understand etiquette. He didn't mean to resist the decree. Why does your majesty need to be like him? Not dancing is not a crime for beheading. If we are beheaded because of Wanyan Aguda, If he doesn't dance, he will be killed. There is no basis for it according to the law. It is not good to hear that the general is out. If the Jurchens hear about it, they will become even more alienated from the court."
Xiao Feng spoke first, how could Emperor Tian Zuo not listen? In front of Xiao Fengxian, Xiao Wuna was nothing. What he said was nothing.
That day Emperor Zuo listened to Xiao Fengxian's advice and glared at Wanyan Aguda angrily. Then he turned his head, stared at the duty officer and shouted: "What are you doing standing there in a daze? Why don't you drive this guy out quickly? Look at this guy's shy face." I get angry when I see him."
After hearing the order, the officer on duty hurriedly ordered him to come in personally, pulled Wanyan Aguda up from his seat, and drove him out of the big tent where Emperor Tianzuo held the fish banquet. Wanyan Aguda, who was driven out of the tent, rode away angrily.
Because of Xiao Fengxian, Wanyan Aguda was able to save his life. Also because Wanyan Aguda saved his life, the country and the country of the Liao Dynasty could no longer be saved.
Let’s talk about the second thing that happened last year.
It was during the Guisi month last year that Wanyan Aguda's brother Wanyan Wuya died. In addition to being the leader of the Wanyan tribe, Wanyan Wuyashu was also a military envoy of the Jurchen tribe alliance conferred by the Liao court. After Wanyan Wu Yashu's death, Wanyan Agu stood in front of the coffin and inherited the position of leader of the Wanyan tribe and the envoy of Zhenzhen Jiedu, and also attended the funeral of his brother.
During the funeral of Wanya Shu in Wanyan, the Liao envoy Asibao, who had nothing to do, rode a tall horse and arrogantly came to the Wanyan tribe to inspect. When Asibao saw that Wanyan Wu Yashu was dead, he was secretly happy. Not only could he not comfort Wanyan Aguda with words to express his condolences, but he deliberately stirred up trouble and blamed Wanyan Aguda who was holding a funeral for his brother: "The imperial court When the canonized Jiedushi envoy dies, he does not report it to the envoy in time, but instead handles the funeral on his own and takes over the post of Jiedushi envoy. How unreasonable is it! Where do you want to change the laws of the imperial court?"
When Wanyan Aguda heard this and saw Asibao's arrogant and triumphant look, he couldn't help but feel furious. Wanyan Aguda knew that Asibao was using the topic as an excuse and had no good intentions, so he contradicted him and said: "Since the envoy knew that the leader of the Jurchen tribe and the Jiedushi entrusted by the imperial court had passed away, he did not come to express his condolences in time. Instead, he wanted to blame others. Which family's etiquette is this? Besides, the birth of a true Jiedu envoy is a hereditary position of the Wanyan tribe and has been hereditary for six generations. How can you say that you will succeed by yourself? How does it violate the laws of the imperial court? "
Asibao was blamed, and he was speechless and speechless.
Two days later, the Liao court learned that Wanyan Wuyasu had died, and ordered Asibao to attend Wanyan Wuyasu's funeral on behalf of the court.
Asibao was ordered to come to attend the funeral of Wanyan Wu Yasu. When he expressed his condolences to Wanyan Wu Yasu, he stopped talking without any grief. Instead, he took a fancy to the gifts sent by other tribes to express their condolences to Wanyan Wu Yasu. Zangma.
What kind of horse is Zanma? The Xun horse is a funeral horse given to the bereaved family by people who come to express their condolences. It is specially used to pull the hearse.
At that time, a leader of the Jurchen tribe came to express his condolences to Wanyan Wu Yashu, holding a pure white, tall and majestic horse in his hand, which was used as a breeding horse.
When Asibao saw the horse, he liked it very much. His eyes were shining. He didn't care about condolences to Wanyan Wu Yashu. He turned around and came to the Jurchen tribe leader and praised him loudly. : "Good horse! Really a good horse!" He said, reaching out to take the horse's reins.
The leader quickly held the horse's reins tightly, pulled it into his arms, and said to Asibao: "Your Majesty, this is a horse. It is used for mourning and mourning. It is not given to you."
Asibao was displeased when he heard this and rebuked the Jurchen tribe leader: "What a waste of a horse?! In the eyes of this envoy, it is a good horse. What's wrong with me riding it for a circle?!"
At this time, Wanyan Nianhan, the nephew of Wanyan Aguda, was coming to receive the Jurchen tribe leader. When he saw this scene and heard such arrogant words from Asibao, he was furious and rushed over. He tore Asibao's collar, looked at Asibao's head, and punched him. The punch was so hard that it hit Asibao right on the forehead, causing Asibao to have flashes of light in his eyes and unable to stand firmly.
Asibao shook a few times, stood firm, and became furious, glaring at Wanyan Nianhan and shouting: "Bold! What are you going to do? What are you going to do? You are so outrageous! How dare you hit the imperial envoy? !" Roaring, he grabbed Wanyan Zonghan and punched Wanyan Zonghan.
Seeing this, the people around them hurried forward and pulled the two people apart.
After Asibao was beaten, he made a fuss and refused to stop. Wanyan Nianhan became so angry that he continued to beat Asibao, and the scene became a mess.
Wanyan Sagai, who heard the noise, came out of the mourning hall, shouted to his son Wanyan Nianhan, and said to Asibao: "I don't know, your envoy, but this is a horse that is used to cure mourning. Envoy If you want to ride this horse, you must insult Jiedushi first, let alone the envoy. It would be unlucky for the envoy! Since the envoy wants to ride this horse, then this good horse should be given to the envoy."
After hearing what Wanyan Sagai said and seeing the angry look on Wanyan Sagai's face, Asibao felt timid and muttered: "Since I don't know that this horse is a clan horse, I shouldn't hit someone." ! Do you still have the imperial laws in your eyes?!"
After saying that, Asibao stepped down the steps and said: "I am not as knowledgeable as you barbarians!" After saying that, he turned around and left.
Wanyan Sagai, Wanyan Nianhan and others looked at Asibao riding away, huffing with anger.
These two incidents made Wanyan Aguda unable to let go, and deep down, he was filled with hatred for the Liao court.
