Kawei was far from being as kind as he said, but it was true that he wanted to feed them meat. Because in a bag full of kidneys on the table, the only really useful part is the fat-like tissue attached to them, and the kidneys themselves are a burden to him.
Kidneys, also known as kidneys, are not sold in most European regions because it is difficult to remove their odor, and they are basically discarded directly [1].
Therefore, when slaughtering cattle and sheep, the butcher will cut off and throw away the entire urinary system organs including the ureters and bladder. Kawei not only gave money, but also helped dispose of these useless things, which was killing two birds with one stone.
The premise is to ensure that the tissue above the kidney is intact.
If we say that methylene blue is responsible for the three major aspects of antibiotics, local analgesia, and staining and tracing, it is a miracle drug that can touch the threshold of modern surgery.
The adrenal gland, which contains glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and catecholamines, can greatly expand the number of surgical recipients, and truly push the "you can only wait to die" in the eyes of trauma first aid into "you can still save someone." Another magic medicine for categories.
Of course, it is still a big step away from the miracle drug - extraction.
Because there is no need to worry about surrounding blood vessels, the adrenal gland dissection is very easy. Even Savarin, who has no surgical background, can easily complete it. Kawei looked at his rapid treatment of the adrenal glands and was very pleased: "Now that you have learned how to remove the adrenal glands, let's go one step further."
Savarin seemed to have experienced anatomy that he had not been able to do in medical school. He did not realize that there was a big pit waiting for him in front of him. "Go further? What do you mean?"
"Let's cut open the live adrenal glands."
"Um???"
Kawei turned to look at the cage behind him, and at the same time looked away from the adrenal glands on the table: "In order to study the specific physiological functions of the adrenal glands and test the importance of the adrenal glands to life activities, we need to remove both sides of a certain vole. Adrenal glands.”
Savarin's face changed visibly: "Why? Why do you need to cut off the adrenal gland???"
"Didn't I make it very clear? It's for..."
Kawei was about to repeat what he just said, but Savarin quickly interrupted: "That's not what I meant! I meant to study adrenaline. Why must the adrenal glands be removed?"
"How else can we study it?"
"You, you can..."
Savarin really couldn't find any good way, because in the 19th century when there was nothing, cutting off the gland itself was the only way to study the function of the gland. In fact, even in the 21st century, removing the glands is the best way to intuitively experience the function of the glands.
"Only when something is lost can you know how valuable it is." Kaweike, no matter how many things he has, has already walked to the cage to pick the target for surgery, "The female rat has to bear the responsibility of giving birth, so let's choose a male rat this time."
"Don't worry, let me think about it again..."
"Who should I choose? Mark? Rivaldo? Torre? Or..."
"wait!
! "
"What's wrong?" Kawei's hand was already on the cage bolt, "I've been busy all night. I have to go back to catch up on my sleep if I finish it quickly."
"The operation is too painful. It is even more torture than humane treatment." Savarin said anxiously, "There must be other ways. Let me think about it again."
Carvey spent a lot of energy dissecting corpses all night long. The spring sunshine slowly made fatigue creep up on his shoulders. Carvey yawned twice in a row and was too lazy to talk nonsense with him: "I have the final say in the laboratory. This is what happened before." Mr. Savarin must abide by what is signed in the cooperation contract."
After saying that, he put on anti-bite thick cloth gloves and grabbed a vole from the cage: "It's up to you, Torre."
After working here for so long, Savarin is no longer the same Savarin as before. Although he has feelings for these voles, he is far from sad now. What he wants to fight for is not only the voles' right to survive, but also the right to dominate that should belong to him.
Savarin calmed down and took out the hardwood board used for animal dissection, beakers, alcohol lamps, scales, ether, alcohol and some dissection tools stored here: "Why must we study epinephrine?"
Yes, why?
Kawei looked up at the ceiling and thought of a reason: "In my dream last night, I found that all the essence of my body was collected in the adrenal glands, so I did this."
"Didn't you stay up all night dissecting the corpse last night?"
"Oh, that was the night before yesterday."
Kawei put Torre into the large inverted beaker and stuffed a ball of gauze strips soaked in ether into it. After it was anesthetized, the limbs were fixed to the small bumps at the four corners of the hard board with ropes: "Why is it not important? What is important is the surgery and the observation after the surgery."
"It's just the adrenal glands, not other important organs." Savarin, like other doctors, didn't take this small gland seriously. "What I'm worried about is whether it can survive the surgery."
"Whether it's important or not will be known after the operation is over and you will see slowly. As for the operation, please don't question my surgical ability."
Kawei followed the procedure and started shaving, preparing and disinfecting the skin: "This is not a human being. It is just a vertical incision on the abdomen. It cannot die."
Savarin knew that he had a successful operation and did not refute it. He originally wanted to avoid surgery and deal with the adrenaline from the stripping, but who would have thought that Kawei pulled him to the experimental table: "You have to be my assistant."
After being aggrieved for so long, Savarin finally found a point to fight back: "Does this surgery also require an assistant?"
"It's really not necessary, but I have to make sure you can learn it." Kawei lit the alcohol lamp and asked him to warm the saline solution and said, "Because the experiment requires more than just one vole. In order to ensure the objectivity of the experiment, You also need to prepare at least 10 similar voles. I don’t have that much time to spend here, so the work can only be done by you and them."
"Isn't it enough to cut one?"
"What if it's chronic blood loss? What if it's a leaky intestine? How do you know this isn't death due to surgical injury?"
2k
Kawei seemed to have already seen through the outcome of the experiment. The voles that underwent double adrenalectomy would definitely not escape the fate of death. But this was simply a fantasy for Savarin. No one could figure out the experimental conclusion by dreaming.
"Forget it, don't think so much." Kawei clamped the skin with toothed forceps, opened the abdomen with a scalpel in the midline, and quickly separated the muscle layer and entered the abdominal cavity. "If you don't want the incision to become infected and ulcerated after the operation, go disinfect it quickly. Wash your hands and have saline solution ready.”
Because the anatomical position of the kidneys and adrenal glands is far back, opening the abdominal cavity requires pulling the intestines out of the incision to expose the kidneys. Therefore, during the operation, warm saline needs to be continuously dripped into the intestines to keep the intestines moist.
Compared with human abdominal viscera, the internal organs of voles are obviously much easier to handle, which is why Carvey is willing to leave the operation to Savarin.
After pulling out the small intestine, he used forceps holding a saline gauze ball to push the descending colon and transverse colon to one side, fully exposing the kidneys: "This is the adrenal gland. It is yellow. You can see it clearly. I don't want it to happen in the future. During the operation, you remove both kidneys."
"I graduated from a serious medical school after all." Savarin nodded while looking at the small mass of tissue on the kidney, "I still understand the anatomical relationship between the kidney and the adrenal gland."
"Before resection, if there are adhesions in the surrounding tissue, you can choose to do simple peeling." Kawei switched to using the smallest tissue forceps and said, "It should be noted here that you can no longer use a scalpel, you have to use this Use the smallest tissue forceps, choose the head and slowly move upward to perform blunt dissection."
This was the first time for Savarin to observe Kawei's surgery at such a close distance. It must be said that the operation was indeed very beautiful. If you didn't look at the face, you wouldn't have guessed that it was done by a young man.
"The thing is only about 3-4mm, so be very careful." Kawei pointed to the fatty tissue in front of him, "Here, use tweezers to tightly clamp the blood vessels and tissues between the kidneys and adrenal glands."
Savarin did as he was told and watched as Carvey used his eyesight to cut out the blood vessels and remove the adrenal glands.
It’s over, the adrenaline on one side is cut off…
Savarin looked at the fat tissue leaving Torre's body and felt so depressed that he couldn't speak. He looked at the disemboweled Torre again, and Savarin couldn't bear the thought of the pain it would endure during the long observation process.
If Kawi hadn't been there, he would have given it away right now.
But Kawei didn't react at all to this. He looked at Savarin who was still holding the tweezers and said, "Yes, you did a good job. Use the tweezers for a while longer."
"Still clamped?" Savarin looked at Kawei who was standing aside and no longer caring about the vole, "What about these disconnected blood vessels? They haven't been tied yet."
"Ligation? What should I use for ligation? A ball of thread is nothing to a human, but it is a huge thing to a vole." Kawei put the removed adrenal gland into the saline solution. "The small blood vessels in the vole's body are as long as You can stop it by pinching yourself for a while.”
The surgery was easy for Carvey, but not for Savarin.
Because of the anatomical position of the kidneys and adrenal glands, as well as the small body of the vole, surgical instruments such as tissue forceps, forceps, and scalpels can easily touch the adjacent abdominal aorta and inferior vena cava when removing the adrenal glands.
Especially the right adrenal gland is higher than the left, so it is more dangerous.
"You must be careful during the operation. Once the large blood vessels of this little animal rupture, let alone you, it will be difficult to find the location of the rupture even if I am here." Kawei followed suit, and it took less than half an hour. Time, will all Torre's bilateral adrenal glands be removed? "After the operation is over, you will do the suturing."
Savarin took the needle and thread, looked at Torre who was sleeping motionless, and couldn't help but sigh: "Will they all die?"
"Yeah." Kawei didn't want to lie to him, "The adrenal glands are very important glands in our body. We can't survive without them."
"I have to go through these tortures before I die...I have to cut ten more..."
"Instead of wasting time, we might as well discuss the experimental methods." Kawei, who had some understanding of his scientific research capabilities, said, "You have done oxytocin experiments before. You should know that there are many uncontrollable factors in the experiment. We can only eliminate them as much as possible. Only by removing these factors can your experimental report be considered correct."
Savarin was heartbroken and clumsily sutured Torre's stomach like a rusty machine: "Then what are the uncontrollable factors this time?"
"Give me the closest and most correct example." Kawei pointed at Torre who had not yet woken up, and said, "Now if Torre dies unexpectedly, what will be the cause?"
Savarin stopped what he was doing and looked back at Kavi, "It should be the result of cutting off the adrenaline on both sides???"
"This is not a heart that supplies blood to the whole body. How can it be so fast?" Kawei shook his head, took the adrenal gland off the scale, threw it back into the saline, and said, "Maybe there was something wrong with the alcohol before the operation. , it may be that the saline solution is contaminated, there may be contamination of these surgical tools, or it may even be that I made major mistakes in the surgical steps and operations.”
"..."
"These individualized variables need to be eliminated as soon as possible, in order to avoid surgical errors affecting the objectivity of the experiment itself." Kawei waved his hand, "So you need to cut ten more voles according to the surgical pattern just now, and take As a comparison, you must complete it yourself!"
"What? Do you want to cut ten more?"
"Don't make a fuss." Kawei said, "This time it's only into the abdomen. It won't really cut off the adrenaline. It's just a show."
"So is this the so-called control group?"
"Yes, you finally figured it out."
Kawei walked forward with a smile and stopped Savarin who was about to sew the last stitch: "Don't sew the last stitch yet."
"What's wrong?"
"The following surgeries will all be completed by you, so there should be no trace of Torre in either the control group or the experimental group." Kawei took the adrenal gland soaked in saline from the side, "This is the real Controlled experiment.”
"Then it..."
Savarin seems to have seen Torre's ending. In fact, he has been mentally prepared since Kawei said "waiting to die". Although the person next to him is a bit cold-blooded, his understanding and talent in medicine are unmatched by others.
But after doing so many experiments, he also knew that for the voles in the cage, they were lucky to die in their sleep.
However, the direction of things once again exceeded his expectations. Kawei did not seem to have the intention to deal with Torre humanely: "Forget it, just treat it as material to show you the surgical process, and keep it with you. Adrenal Gland Not long after it left the body, we 'planted' it back again."
