Darwin's theory of evolution focuses on the impact of the environment on organisms. It is precisely because of different environments that organisms of the same species will mutate, and in this chain of mutations, humans are also unable to escape.
The impact of the environment on human beings is extremely huge. The environment can affect a nation's survival mode, eating habits, clothing characteristics, marriage and reproduction, national character...etc., and it cannot be escaped.
Agricultural civilization will have social order and ethics that match agricultural civilization, as well as matching national institutions and the character traits of the entire ethnic group.
In the Middle Ages, farming civilization had the highest safety factor among various types of civilization. Although it was also affected by natural and man-made disasters, it was still the safest type compared with nomadic peoples and fishing and hunting civilizations.
After plowing in spring, harvesting in autumn, and storing in winter, humans finally no longer need to rely on migration to find food for survival. You only need to stay in one area from generation to generation and work conscientiously and tediously. You can survive this life and even reproduce a large number of offspring. .
This kind of survival model gave rise to the earliest human city-states, and there will also be a set of moral and cultural models suitable for locking humans in to permanently reside in place.
For example, the Chinese people's filial piety is a unique virtue of farming civilization. Of course, this does not mean that nomads, fishermen and hunters are not filial. In fact, some animals are also filial.
Rather, the filial piety of farming civilization is a coercive method that carries legal punishment and must not be disobeyed!
Filial piety in other civilizations only comes from the heart. They call that kind of filial piety *, and love has no legally enforceable obligations.
Why does farming civilization place so much emphasis on filial piety? Because this kind of culture is very suitable for locking people to the land, so that you will not have to leave your hometown for your whole life, or even for your descendants.
You just need to farm well on this piece of land. Once you farm the land, you will be able to live, and the farming civilization will be preserved!
There are many other special features of agricultural civilization, and I would probably be unable to give them all in three days and three nights if I wanted to give them examples, but most of the nations influenced by agricultural civilization have common characteristics.
The first is the relatively high level of education, which is easy to explain. Due to poor population mobility, texts, books, etc. can be passed down from generation to generation. The history of three thousand years ago, the descendants of the farming civilization can understand it as well as the lines on the palm of their hand.
But if you ask the nomadic people about the history of their nation three thousand years ago? If he can sing two legends to you, he will be included in the intangible cultural heritage!
But looking at the Han people with farming civilization, the bloodshed and intrigues in the court three thousand years ago are just a set of wonderful stories, as clear as what happened yesterday.
The second characteristic of farming civilization is that the people are highly resistant to tedious work and stress. You must know that although the labor intensity of agricultural production is not too high, it is very average and very tedious!
Throughout the year, in addition to taking a break in winter, they usually have to perform various tedious tasks. This kind of exercise will screen out a large number of people who can adapt to farming and continue to reproduce, while those who cannot adapt can only be slowly eliminated. .
The third characteristic of farming civilization is that culture is strong but military is weak. There is really no way to do this. The value of force is higher than that of farming peoples, and the fishing and hunting civilization is even higher than that of nomadic peoples.
Therefore, in the thousands of years of history of farming civilization fighting against nomadic peoples, the time spent on defense was far more than the time spent on active attack. This was also helpless.
China has been a farming civilization since ancient times, and the cavalry on the Mongolian Plateau is a typical nomadic civilization. However, in the extremely cold places further north of the Mongolian Plateau, there is a group of people who are more barbaric than the nomadic civilization.
That is the fishing and hunting people who are very close to primitive people. Not only are they unable to grow crops in the remote cold zone, even grazing is a luxury.
Out of the twelve months of the year, heavy snow seals the land for eight or nine months, which prevents the birth of primitive nomadic civilization. People there can only survive by relying on the most primitive fishing and hunting.
These barbaric civilizations only have language and no writing. They only know how to kill but not build. Of course, you can’t blame them. The environment is so bad. What do you want them to do?
Of course, the Chinese civilization looked down upon these barbaric places, but the Chinese didn’t like them, but the Tsarist Russians didn’t refuse them all. Their appetite was really great.
Taking advantage of the great historical opportunity of the decline of the Mongol Empire, the Grand Duchy of Tsarist Russia moved eastward, annexing the Mongol Khanates one by one and reaching the shores of the Pacific Ocean.
Of course, the Tsar would not let go of those brave and skilled barbarian warriors, organize them into an army and continue to expand southward. This was the national strategy of the Tsarist Empire that lasted for hundreds of years!
In fact, if we carefully study the huge territory of Tsarist Russia, the Black Sea region of Europe is really suitable for farming. Odessa in Ukraine is known as the breadbasket of Europe.
Ukraine provides almost 70% of the agricultural products in Tsarist Russia, while other regions can only grow the most cold-resistant potatoes.
In the vast Siberian region, the indigenous people actually still live according to ancient habits. Fishing and hunting are their only choices!
In such a harsh living environment, the most brave and capable warriors are born. If he were not fully prepared to fight these barbarians, Xiao Letian would not dare to start the war easily!
The confrontation between the weakest farming civilization and the most barbaric fishing and hunting civilization would really be a disaster without the firepower support of high-tech weapons!
As long as the three civilizations of the medieval era can be dismantled and understood, the key to Sakamoto Ryoma's problem will also be found. As long as these barbarians are chosen to do the things they are least good at, and torture them, they will not be afraid of them not yielding.
The strong Cossacks and Siberian aborigines can fight black bears with their bare hands, deal with wolves, and cut trees naked in the wind and snow. These tasks are not a big deal for them!
But you must not let them do the meticulous work that farming civilizations take for granted, just like don't force Zhang Fei to embroider. Those tasks that seem ordinary in the eyes of the Han people are torture to them!
If a tiny iron nail falls into the soil and you can't see it clearly, how can you pick it up with fingers as thick as a radish?
A mountain of dirty clothes needs to be soaked in the sink, washed, and finally folded one by one? How is this possible?
God bless, why do Chinese people love eating grass so much? What kind of monster are leeks? Why do you have to pick them one by one?
"Rebellion! Rebellion! I don't want to do this kind of work, we are rebelling!"
The angry Tsarist Russian prisoners smashed the pickle jar and overturned the pickle shreds cut into hills. They rushed out with kitchen knives and wanted to riot.
The result was that fishing nets with metal barbs entangled all the rebel prisoners, and then they were all imprisoned in solitary cells.
The confinement room was dark and no one talked to him. In this depressing environment, three days was enough to drive these free-spirited Tsarist Russian soldiers crazy!
