"I understand, the factor base determines the law of economic development." Lin Motian listened thoughtfully, "But there must be a reason why she chose this place."
"I know the reasons. To be honest, this is also related to our current situation." Zhang Xiao said, "One is that the agricultural and light industry departments also have plans to establish a cotton textile industry, so when she goes there, she actually represents these two The opinion of a department. After all, there is a lot of sandy land in Xiangshan, so it is not possible to grow other things, so growing cotton is just fine."
"This is the idea of herding one sheep and chasing two sheep." Lin Motian said with a smile.
"Haha, our Senate has always been in this tune. We always want to kill five flies with one slap." Zhang Xiao said with a bitter smile.
"It's just easy to have indigestion."
"Indigestion is for sure. Look at our current situation. It is said that we have taken both Guangdong and Guangxi and created a miracle. In fact, it can also be said that the people's hearts are not enough and the snake swallows the elephant. The current situation is impossible to advance or retreat." Zhang Xiao sighed, "At the beginning I was I am very opposed to starting the strategy for Guangdong and Guangxi so early - at least it will take another four or five years to lay a better foundation in all aspects. We will not focus on one thing and lose another now."
"Of course there are advantages to staying alive, but there are also disadvantages. As for the disadvantages, I can't say much about them." Lin Motian said with a rather reserved smile.
"I probably know it even if you don't tell me." Zhang Xiao also smiled. "After all, people are not machines. They all have selfish thoughts. Distribution is also a big problem, so the establishment is eager to make the cake bigger."
"As long as you understand." Lin Motian actually also had opinions on the timing of launching the Guangdong and Guangxi strategy - launching the mainland campaign too early actually greatly affected the whole set of barely adequate health care that they had finally established. diluted. Not to mention the huge pressure brought by the sudden prevention and control of infectious diseases and endemic diseases after the mainland strategy.
"Without further ado, let me tell you why Xiangshan is a very inappropriate place." Zhang Xiao said, "The Pearl River Delta is still in the process of siltation formation, and the current coastline is very different from that of four hundred years ago. The coastline is roughly in the northern part of Zhongshan. , that is, Xiangshan in the Ming Dynasty. The Shibasha Sha in the West Sea in the north of Zhongshan have all been formed into flat fields after the Song Dynasty, and the Shilisha Sha in the East China Sea has basically been exposed into fields. However, although Xiaolan, Guzhen, Nantou, and Henglan in the north There are large areas of Shatan production in , Huangpu, ports, triangles, people and other areas, but residential areas are very rare. There are only Xiaolan, Guzhen, Haizhou, Xiaohuangpu and other places near the edge and with higher terrain. Villages were built in the Song Dynasty. Later, it developed greatly. As we all know, mulberry fish pond is a labor-intensive production method. The mulberry garden should be close to the silkworm house and not too far from the residential area. You know what this means. In addition, the Shiliisha Island in the East China Sea The Shatin area is in constant turmoil. There are no hills to protect it, and it is greatly threatened by the salt tide. The most important thing is that Shatin in this area is owned by foreign landowners. Powerful people from Panyu, Nanhai, Xinhui, and Shunde counties have come to Xiangshan to occupy Farming, the land is registered in the above-mentioned counties. Although local farmers may have built embankments for reclamation, the powerful landlords colluded with the government to buy a large area of floating Shatan at a low price, often referring to the land that farmers have cultivated as Take possession of the unclaimed wasteland as your own.”
At this point, Zhang Xiao changed the subject again: "But then again, I can understand why Li Yaoer didn't choose Xiqiao."
"Why? Stop being so pretentious."
"Because Fang Hao, a man from the Ming Dynasty, said: 'The Western woodcutter is not the Western woodcutter in Lingnan, but also the Western woodcutter in the world. The Western woodcutter is not the Western woodcutter in the world, but the Western woodcutter in the future generations of the world'!" Zhang Xiao said seriously replied.
"The water is deep? The pit is big?"
"The water is so deep and the pit is so big that it can't hold even one pot."
In the early years of time travel, Zhang Xiao helped Zhang Haogu, Li Zhuoxian and other elders to sort out the historical materials of the Ming Dynasty because of his interest, and he had a fairly good understanding of the situation in the Pearl River Delta region.
People in Guangzhou collect firewood from Luofu Mountain, which is called Dongqiao, and those who collect firewood from Jinshi Mountain are called Xiqiao. It is said that "two of the most famous mountains in southern Guangdong" are woodcutters. Xiqiao is located in the area where the Xijiang and Beijiang waterways flow through. It is a typical Lingnan water town. The river network in the area is intertwined, with more than ten rivers and a total length of more than 100 kilometers. It connects the villages in the area and can reach Foshan, Guangzhou and other places. Xiqiao Mountain produces stones and tea, which are sold far and near through waterways and fairs. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were a total of 78 Wei cities in the whole territory. Even compared with the Lingao Special Municipal District under the rule of the Senate, they were not inferior. It can be seen that geographical conditions have an extraordinary impact on commercial prosperity.
The economic base determines the superstructure. During the Zhengde and Jiajing years, there were many academies and monasteries on the mountain in Xiqiao Mountain. Among them, the most famous ones were called the four major academies, namely Dake Academy founded by Zhan Ruoshui, Yungu Academy, and Shiquan Academy founded by Fang Xianfu. , Sifeng Academy founded by Huo Tao. The Fourth Academy became prosperous due to Fang, Zhan, and Huo's advocacy of learning. During this period, numerous celebrities emerged in Guangdong, and the Fourth Academy became an important lecture place for Guangdong scholar-officials in the following decades. Liu Zixiu of the Qing Dynasty commented: "When Zhanzi gave a lecture, people from all over the world gathered together, and the name of the great branch in the mountain was almost the same as that of Yuelu and Bailu, so Xiqiao was called the mountain of Taoism." Fang Xianfu's "Xiqiao Posthumous Manuscript" It records his discussions with Zhan Ruoshui and Huo Tao in Xiqiao: "The three academies are in a standing position, and the three of them often communicate with each other. During the lecture period, they practiced in Tibet for more than ten years." When Wang Yangming wrote to Zhan Ruoshui, he said: "Uncle Xian (Fang Xianfu) Zhijie is far away from the customs. Although Wei Xian (Huo Tao) has not been together for a long time, he knows that he is a loyal person at first sight, and then he hears about it and meets each other from time to time. What's wrong? How lucky is it that heroes and virtuous people share the same place at the same time, and But wasting your time and easily losing this great opportunity will only make future generations cherish them!" It can be seen that Wang Yangming has high expectations for the three people's academics, and hopes that they will cherish the opportunity, get together from time to time, and leave lasting good stories for future generations of scholars. .
The common characteristic of these people is that they are masters of Neo-Confucianism and have prominent official careers. Zhan Ruoshui successively served as the Minister of Rites, Officials, and Military Affairs in Nanjing, and founded the "Ganquan School" of Neo-Confucianism, which together with Wang Yangming's "Yangming School" is called "Wang Zhan's School". Huo Tao, Fang Xianfu and Liang Chu were both known as the "Sange Lao" of Nanhai County in the Ming Dynasty.
By the Ming Dynasty, there were more than 290 official and private academies in Guangdong, far more than the Tang, Song and Yuan dynasties combined. There were 18 in Nanhai County. Although due to the political struggles of the Ming Dynasty, private academies across the country were banned and destroyed during the Jiajing and Wanli dynasties, and the number of Guangdong academies in the Tianqi and Chongzhen dynasties has declined, and the teaching style has declined, but the significance of the existence of academies is It cultivates a reserve team for the feudal ruling class, and at the same time plays a subtle role in educating the people and the entire society, changing people's customs, and promoting feudal ethics. The academic rules, regulations, charters, and even the couplets, inscriptions, and plaques of the academy all convey a certain value and educational effect, influencing generations of students and people, and exerting a significant influence on their personality, moral character, and temperament. Influence. In the early years of Jiajing, Guangdong's academic envoy Wei Xiao changed Guangzhou Prefecture's Guanyin Pavilion, Wuxing Temple, Yingzhen Temple, Tianzhu Temple and Renhuang Temple into five academies: Lianxi, Yichuan, Mingdao, Chongzheng and Huian, and enshrined Zhou Dunyi and Cheng Yi, Cheng Hao and Zhu Xi, the academy's sacrificial activities are open to the public. In addition to academy insiders, officials, gentry, scholars, and ordinary people also have the opportunity to participate. People from different social classes participate in the academy's sacrificial activities, which is actually to receive education in ethics and morals. And the baptism of Confucianism, the influence of academy worship goes far beyond the scope of commemorating sages and inheriting academic knowledge. It can be said that it plays a similar role to Western churches.
The Cantonese people, who have been deeply influenced by Confucian culture and created their own ideological and cultural traditions for more than a hundred years in the mid-Ming Dynasty, no longer regard themselves as Southern barbarians. They can talk with the top Neo-Confucianists, and they can also sing and interact with literary giants. Along with the decline of lecturing style, the rise of literature style and the prosperity of Guangdong Poetry Society. From Jiajing to the late Ming Dynasty, there were more than a dozen poetry societies, large and small, in Guangzhou Fucheng. Their founders were more or less related to Xiqiao Mountain, and Xiqiao later became a refuge for Guangdong literati and officials.
Another important social change is that starting from the middle of the Ming Dynasty, there was a trend of rural militarization in Guangdong. After the Huang Xiaoyang uprising broke out, the Ming court was unable to suppress it and had to turn to local powerful forces for help. Under the leadership of local gentry, some villages and towns quickly formed local military organizations and fought a desperate confrontation with Huang Xiaoyang's uprising army. After Huang Xiaoyang's uprising was suppressed, what followed was the reorganization of local order and the redistribution of local power. The famous town of Foshan stood firmly on the side of the imperial court during this turmoil. In return, their gods were enshrined, and the local powerful's control over the local area was further expanded.
Jiujiang in the South China Sea, like Foshan, took advantage of the dangers of mountains and rivers to participate in the suppression of Huang Xiaoyang. Huang Xiaoyang failed to attack Guangzhou, so he scattered and looted, and attacked Jiujiang by water. The Jiujiang people guarded Lishan, Mashan and Zhenshan but were defeated. After Huang Xiaoyang's death, Lishan was renamed "Zhongliang Mountain", and Jiujiang also received generous rewards. In the first year of Jingtai, the Ming Dynasty granted Jiujiang in the South China Sea the title of "Rulin Township". Due to constant unrest and rampant bandits, the phenomenon of rural militarization in Guangdong reached its peak during the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Local villages built strongholds to protect themselves, forming the characteristic of "no village, no stronghold", which greatly enhanced the strength of local armed forces. .
The people who caught fish fry in the Xijiang River were Dan people. The Ming court forcibly registered them in household registrations and levied fish tax rice. However, a large number of Dan households along the river participated in Huang Xiaoyang's uprising. After the failure of the uprising, these Dan people fled one after another and escaped from the household registration control of the Ming court. By the Hongzhi period, all Dan households fled and had no way to collect taxes. Under this situation, Liu Daxia, the leader of Guangdong, Guangxi and Guangxi, ordered the people of Jiujiang to inherit the fish ports on both sides of the Xijiang River. He named himself five or six hundred miles from Sichuan to Gaoming and eight or nine hundred fish ports. Since then, the people of Jiujiang Township have monopolized the fishing rights for fish and flowers, and have since formed a very large folk force.
(End of chapter)
