Material three:
I heard that the theory of cronies has been around since ancient times, but it is only a matter of luck that a gentleman can distinguish between a gentleman and a villain. Generally speaking, gentlemen and gentlemen are friends of those who share the same path. Villains and villains are friends of those who share the same interests. This is the natural principle.
However, I say that a villain has no friends, but a gentleman has them. What's the reason? What the villain likes is money and wealth. When they share the same interests, it is a hypocrisy to temporarily treat the party as a friend. If they see advantages and strive to be first, or if the advantages are exhausted and they become distant, they will turn against each other and harm each other. Even if they are brothers and relatives, they will not be able to protect each other. Therefore, I say that a villain has no friends, and those who are friends for a while are hypocrites. A gentleman is not like that. Those who guard are moral, those who act are loyal, and those who cherish are honorable. If you cultivate your moral character, you will be of the same mind and benefit each other. If you use it to serve the country, you will be of the same mind and help each other. Always the same from beginning to end, this is the gentleman's friend. Therefore, as a ruler, you should get rid of the hypocritical friends of villains and use the true friends of gentlemen, and then the world will be in order.
Party friends discuss Ouyang Xiu in the Song Dynasty
Material four:
He Shijin, a member of the Donglin Party, was ranked as Xiaowen Marquis of Zuoxing in the Donglin Point General Record. He served as the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi in the fourth year of Tianqi. He resigned in the fifth year due to the eunuch party's impeachment.
When He Shijin was the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, he reformed the Liaoning salary collection and tried to use the method of increasing commercial taxes to offset the increase in land allocation. His reform plan included "one is to check the redemption of public funds for salary, and the other is to cut redundant labor and food. One is to discuss market miscellaneous taxes and additional customs factory taxes."
However, in April of the fifth year of Tianqi, because He Shijin's position on the attack case was inconsistent with the eunuch party, he was impeached and dismissed by the eunuch party Yu Tingbi. He said: "He Shijin, the governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, lightly asked for tax to offset the Canadian faction. He belongs to It's so exciting that Kuang's party is protecting the king and provoking the palace."
But the punishment of He Shijin did not end with his resignation. In October of the sixth year of the Apocalypse, the eunuch Liang Menghuan impeached He Shijin again. The stolen goods amounted to no less than 300,000 to 400,000 yuan. Macao City said that He Shijin asked the Portuguese in Macao to demolish and build a castle, and to increase the land rent in Macao. He also falsely claimed that he would be exempted from additional dispatches, but he was actually using taxes to make money as matchmakers. As a result, the people were in dire straits and the people were in dire straits. It’s almost a big change.”
At this time, He Shijin's reform plan of exempting him from additional posts and trying to use commercial taxes to supplement Liao's salary had become a misdeed by the eunuchs to attack him for corruption.
In February of the seventh year of the Apocalypse, the Ming court made a final judgment on He Shijin’s Liao salary policy when he was governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, holding that:
"According to the decree, the central government of Guangdong Province included payment deductions. In fact, miscellaneous taxes were assessed, military pay was deducted, and the transfer of taxes caused all kinds of harm. In addition, the Taiping factory tax was increased, and the merchants were in distress. Obviously, they were very aware of it, so they changed the The land will be returned to acres, and the land will be expropriated in exchange for Liao's salary, which will be discussed later when Liao affairs occur."
In the end, the imperial court abolished He Shijin's plan, and Liao's salary collection returned to farmland again.
In the seventh year of the Apocalypse, at the request of the Eunuch Party, Shaanxi was exempted from commercial taxes:
"I am exempted from the commercial tax at Tongguan and Xianyang, and I am invited by Zhuang Qian to patrol from Shaanxi."
This exemption from commercial taxes was criticized as favoring merchants in the eunuch city when the Liao rates were renegotiated during the Chongzhen period.
"The road to Tongguan is an important route for the Qin and Jin Dynasties, and Longyizhai is a key point for the Qin and Chu Dynasties. Merchants gather goods through the channels, which is convenient for profit and taxation, and it is easy to make profits. The tax envoys have been established for decades, and the people do not appreciate them. . In the seventh year of the Apocalypse, by chance, Cui Wei was in power and favored merchants. He ordered Tongguan, Xianyang, Daqing, Qingyang, Fengxiang, Hanzhong, Lintao, Xi'an, and Sanyuan to stop all retribution, and there was no need to support the bustling merchants. The country’s scarcity is also a huge miscalculation.”
Material five:
political party
There are no political parties in our Senate, and there are also different parties in the Senate. The more famous ones are the Industrial Party, the Law Club, the Imperial Party, etc.
A political party is a political organization with the goal of governing. In the Senate government system, political parties generally strive to govern by participating in elections, and sometimes form political alliances to jointly govern when necessary. Political parties usually have specific political goals and ideologies, have their own opinions on national and social issues, and establish political platforms to demonstrate their vision. Political parties are political organizations of the ruling class, and the organizational form of political parties is determined by the ruling class. The formation of a ruling class within one political party and the formation of n political parties within the ruling class are the social and political ecology of the Song Dynasty today.
The first question asks you to briefly summarize the relevant situation of the Pseudo-Ming Eunuch Party based on the content of the given "Material 1", including the time of its rise, main representatives and representative classes, etc.
Requirements: Keep close to the material, be comprehensive, accurate, and clearly organized, no more than 300 words.
For the second question, please use the given "Material 2" and "Material 4" to try to analyze why the Donglin Party of the Puppet Ming Dynasty put forward progressive slogans such as integrity and serving the public, revitalizing officialdom, opening up the voice, and eradicating the long-standing abuses of the government and the opposition, but it did not They pretended to turn a blind eye to the tragic reality of famine victims in society, and tried their best to obstruct the collection of funds for disaster relief.
Require:
1Comprehensive content and closely related to the material
2 The point of view is clear and concise
3 Fluent language and clear organization
4Regardless of format requirements, no more than 400 words.
The third question, please use the given "Material Three" and "Material Five" to compare the similarities and differences between the "party friends" mentioned by Ouyang Xiu, the great sage of the Song Dynasty, and the political parties of the Song Dynasty.
Requirements: Comprehensive, accurate and concise. No more than 450 words.
Question 4: Mr. Chen Duxiu, a great sage from the Song Dynasty, once said: "There are no imperial ideas outside the Party, and there are no factions within the Party with all kinds of strange ideas." It is clear that there will be different voices within a political party. Please write an article based on your thoughts on this sentence.
Require:
1Choose your own angle, draw up your own questions, and have clear and profound insights
2 Clear thinking and fluent language
3Refer to the "given information", but do not stick to the "given information"
4The total word count is 8,001,000 words.
After Yuan Shuzhi finished reading the materials, he began to think hard. Among the given materials, materials one and four had contradictory intentions. It is obvious that the Senate hates both Donglin and the eunuchs. It's not uncommon to hate eunuchs, they are already street rats. However, if the Donglin princes in the court saw this naked attack on the Donglin Party members for "misleading the country", they would probably jump in their feet. However, this is not entirely unreasonable: although Wei Zhongxian is not loyal, he is very loyal. As treacherous as a loyal person, now I am pretending to show that the evil deeds I am showing are not caused by the chaos of those in power. Isn’t it a good proof that a great talent like me has been dusted? Ahem, let's answer the questions first, answer the questions, and get an Australian Jinshi to show to the Donglin Party, which is a bunch of fake people who only know how to talk.
The first question is to summarize the eunuchs. It is really difficult to start. Yuan Shuzhi knows that this summary question comes from the materials according to Zeng Juan's textbook and cannot be made up indiscriminately. So he thought for a while and started writing:
Eunuchs existed in ancient times and caused serious disasters, and both the Han and Tang Dynasties suffered from them. The eunuch party was especially serious in the Puppet Ming Dynasty. It originated from Zhu Di, the founder of the Puppet Ming Dynasty, and became increasingly powerful during the Xuan, Ying, Xian, Wu, and Xi dynasties of the Puppet Ming Dynasty. In the Puppet Ming Dynasty, power eunuchs were rampant. First, Wang Zhen exercised power, and then Wang Zhi, Liu Jin and others. When the Puppet Ming Dynasty arose, Wei Zhongxian's power was overwhelming in both the government and the public. Throughout the past and present, eunuchs are not eunuchs of eunuchs, but are slaves of the emperor's family, and the emperor is the only one! If there is no eunuch to drive him away, it will be the same as for foreign ministers! The eunuchs of the eunuch party are not poor, which means they are miserable. Most of them are children of poor families, farmers, workers, or middle-class refugees. Therefore, when the world is hungry, eunuchs will fill the earth. If the world is the same, it will never happen again!
After Yuan Shuzhi finished writing, he felt that this summary was more difficult than the eight-legged essay. The material was so short that he had to write down one or two things. Fortunately, he had good skills and was able to write down one or two things. In the end, he flattered the Senate because the elders There are no eunuchs in the hospital!
After finishing the first question, Yuan Shuzhi started to write the second question. The second question was an analysis question. Yuan Shuzhi knew from the textbook that this question allowed him to express his own opinions based on the materials. This question could be said to be more difficult than the previous question. It can be said that under the above question, it depends on the individual's understanding! So he read the material carefully again, and then began to write:
Donglin is not the Donglin of the false emperor, nor is it the Donglin of the people of the world. It is actually the running dog of the Jin gentry in the south of the Yangtze River! His words are like "the sound of the wind, the sound of rain, the sound of the wind, the sound of the wind, the sound of the wind, the sound of the rain, the sound of the voice, the sound of the family, the affairs of the country, the affairs of the world, everything is concerned about." Those who seem to be loyal are words, but in fact they are just to cover up their bad deeds! In order to pursue his own selfish interests, Donglin regards the people of the world as stupid dogs and ignores the country and the country! The first imposed agricultural taxes, which boiled the people's resentment, and then abolished the post offices of the world, leaving Li Chuang and his like without a place to eat. In the year of great disaster, they could not implement the policy of pacifying the world, but implemented the policy of doubling agricultural taxes. Finally, the Ming Dynasty saw beacons everywhere in the northern border. First, Gao Chuang raised the pole, and then Li and Zhang followed him. Even when they were in such a situation, someone from Donglin actually said: "If you don't die of hunger in peace, you can imitate the mantis with its arms." His actions are clearly revealed. also! As for the defeat of Liaodong, it is also conceivable that it was not that the pseudo-Ming soldiers failed to serve their orders, but there was Donglin in the court!
As for the families of the Jin gentry in the south of the Yangtze River, they were extravagantly extravagant. In one place in the south of the Yangtze River, 70% of the wealth in the world was collected. However, it was difficult to do business and taxation because Dong Lin drove them away! However, the members of the Donglin Party are full of brilliant words. They are not as beneficial to the country as the eunuch's party, nor are they as promising to the people as the eunuch's action! Therefore, the king of Donglin Bingzheng is at a loss, the people have no support, the thieves have no retreat, and the country has no governance. The death of hypocrisy is imminent!
After Yuan Shuzhi finished writing the second question, his forehead was already covered with sweat. He thought that he had boasted a lot, which was very wrong. But thinking about it again, the eunuch is a dead tiger, and Donglin is the living tiger that the Senate wants to deal with. He looked at the third question and rubbed his temples. This question made him too worried. I understand what the drunkard said about "party friends". I don't know anything about the political parties in the Song Dynasty. What industry? Party and law clubs were unheard of, and this Lolita was even more puzzled by its meaning. Yuan Shuzhi held it in for a long time, and after thinking about it, he just wrote something big:
The party friends mentioned by the drunkard are similar to our political parties in the Song Dynasty. Those who are all comrades and have the same interests gather together to become friends and form a party. However, the difference is great! Said in classical Chinese: "Party is not new." Party members should follow the good and the evil! The drunkard said that the party of friends, no matter the party of villains or the party of gentlemen, is the party of one family and one family name. It is the party of emperors, generals and prime ministers, and it is private! Its black! Without the constraints of party rules, and without a clear program, you can come and go freely, and you can rebel in the morning and in the evening! Their party's agenda is nothing more than the selfish interests of one family, one surname, the emperor, generals, and prime ministers, but it has no benefit to the people of the world, and regards the needs of the people of the world as nothing more than grass or mustard!
