"It wasn't until 1844 that there was the first industrial DC generator, which was specifically used for electroplating. [Read the latest chapter] It wasn't until 1873 that generators and electric motors were connected in series. Before that, generators were used to generate electricity. It is stored in the battery and then drives the motor. As for the excitation method from permanent magnet magnet to current self-excitation, it was a paper written by Siemens in 1867. The modern armature, also known as the drum shape, was designed by Adenike of Siemens in 1872 , the compensation winding and laminated iron core of the motor did not appear until 1885. The general three-phase synchronous power generation mode did not appear until 1887."
Faraday's "multimedia" demonstration aroused everyone's interest. Although everyone here knows the fragments of these knowledge, few people understand it so comprehensively.
"What I say so much is that there is absolutely no need for us to follow the original technology tree all over again. For example, the motor we successfully trial-produced was manufactured according to the drawings we brought, which is the y in the original space-time national standard. Series three-phase squirrel cage asynchronous motor, this motor series can basically meet the requirements of most of our current workshops for prime movers - you must know that a 10t electric crane requires only 15kw motor."
Then he started to talk about the types, functions and principles of power equipment, and then talked about the general principles of power transmission and distribution. Basically, it is taught in a simple and easy-to-understand way: the veterans here are all engaged in science and engineering, and they can understand it roughly without too many details.
"... Then again, everyone has a misunderstanding. That is, all things related to electricity should be managed by the electric power industry. In fact, it is the electric power industry. As the name suggests, just like the mechanical industry, it is the mechanical industry that manufactures machinery, and it is the mechanical industry that manufactures electricity. It is the electric power industry, that is, the power stations are ours, but making generators is not ours. In fact, making generators is a category of the machinery industry. Let me make a few remarks here. Our machinery industry is addicted to silly things. A trend that cannot be extricated from the rough steampunk culture. We have more than a hundred veterans working as fitters in a few village-level machinery factories all day long. What the hell is this? I think production has matured. The chain must liberate the elders and invest them in other places that need elders. Let’s make an electric motor that won’t ring every day and the ground won’t work. If we want to find a mechanical elder to help, we’ll roll our eyes. I’m not. His mother earns a fortune for herself. I do it for everyone’s future and tomorrow..."
"Ahem, cough, cough." Qian Liushi heard that something was wrong and quickly coughed as a warning. Faraday gave Qian Liushi a blank look, "Okay, if you say too much, you will hurt your feelings. The Executive Committee and the Planning Institute have approved it. : The project team for the production and development of electric power equipment has been set up, and Qian Liushi and I are currently taking the lead. I hope that more professional mechanical colleagues will participate in this project team to make our electric power equipment bigger and better, and cross the border as soon as possible. Entering the era of electrification.”
"Okay, let's finish Faraday's introduction first. Let me continue talking to everyone." Qian Liushi was afraid that Faraday would make another mistake again, so he quickly cut the topic. "In fact, the Planning Institute has long wanted to change the prime movers used in our current factories from steam engines to electric motors. However, because silicon steel and various insulating and sealing materials have not been started, these plans have only been suspended. Verbally.”
"Now we have to look at the demand first, and then see what we can provide. There are currently a few requirements for electricity. If there are any gaps, everyone can add them. The most important task at the moment is to meet the necessary electricity needs of various industrial enterprises. Projects: electrolysis and electroplating. Especially electrolysis, it consumes a lot of power and has a great impact on the non-ferrous metal industry and chemical industry. We will start to solve this demand first."
After this popular science, the meeting became more or less formal. After discussion, the veterans of the industrial port made a rough plan on the direction of electric equipment manufacturing and electric power development.
The first is to create silicon steel. The current level of steel plants can only produce hot-rolled silicon steel sheets. Then, by constantly testing the hysteresis curves of various silicon steel grades, rough grades are sorted out for use in power generators and transformers.
With a stable and reliable supply of silicon steel, a professional motor workshop will be built: in addition to producing Y-series motors, low-speed air-cooled permanent magnet generators below 100kw can be mass-produced - this does not require brushes. This kind of generator can be driven by a steam engine, or by a diesel engine if there is a diesel engine in the future, or even by a hydraulic turbine in a small hydropower station. The machine terminal power is 400v. For the insulation of this low-voltage motor, mica sheets and mica paper are more than enough. This series of generators is relatively lightweight and can be used in combat logistics centers, headquarters or construction sites. The combination of generators and electric motors will greatly improve efficiency compared to steam engines - of course, the premise is that Lingao's industrial system can provide diesel engines and the required fuel on a large scale, otherwise the advantages of using gas power will be compromised.
As for power transmission and distribution, the consensus among veterans of the mechanical and chemical industries is that there are too many technical difficulties that need to be overcome, and there are also many missing links in the industry. At present, in addition to barely being able to produce various makeshift wires and cables, it is difficult to produce transformers, circuit breakers, etc. As for electrical secondary products such as ammeters, voltmeters, etc., there are difficulties that may not be overcome in a short time. Therefore, it is recommended to mainly use self-provided power stations for capacity expansion. Set up self-owned power plants in chemical and smelting enterprises that require large amounts of electricity. Steam engines are used to drive a large number of low-speed air-cooled permanent magnet generators to generate electricity and consume electricity locally.
The electric power work meeting "came to a successful conclusion". After the meeting, Chang Kaishen hosted a banquet at the fake farm teahouse for "key technical personnel" such as Liu Tom, Faraday and Qian Liushi, and toasted to their "hard work and perseverance" with a glass of wine. , and also hosted a banquet for Zhong Lishi. In recent years, Faraday and others have been able to make some achievements, and it is indispensable for Dr. Zhong's silent support as the People's Commissar of Science and Technology. Otherwise, Faraday would have quit his job to study materials in a steel factory.
Dr. Zhong rarely participates in social gatherings between elders, but this time he accepted the invitation graciously. Minister Chang knew that as long as there was an occasion for good food, Dr. Zhong would not refuse it. He wasted no time in spending his circulation certificates with large sums of money. We have prepared many "high-end" dishes for daily banquets.
Although the tea house faces senior officials, the level of the chef is not that of a red case chef. Wu Nanhai had no intention of turning the teahouse into a restaurant, so the naturalized chefs trained by the teahouse were good at snacks, desserts and light meals. When the banquet is really about to take place, a chef will be brought in from the merchant house and restaurant.
The chefs of the merchants and restaurants are personally trained by several veteran "foodies" who are good at eating and cooking. Among them, the cooking method of Nanbao roast duck was personally taught by Zhong Lishi. He is good at cooking various dishes, which is also very suitable for the taste of the elders.
The banquet was held at the podium of the tea house by the window facing the water - the height is low, and it was already warm spring weather in less than March. The long windows were open and the breeze was blowing gently.
The table is full of dishes with local Lingao characteristics: four hot dishes: braised spicy beef eye snails, steamed crabs, smooth-roasted sandworms, belly pork and dried radish; two main dishes: salt and pepper pig's trotters, roasted Nanbao duck, The vegetables are stir-fried water spinach with minced garlic and boiled taro with green onions. It is also paired with two snacks: fried shrimp and chive pancakes with ointment and Lingao pan-fried dumplings.
The wine is rice beer and Leizhou rum made by the farm cooperative, and naturally kvass, the "national drink", is also indispensable.
Even in 1633, when the living standards of the senators had greatly improved, this banquet was still considered "luxury". Especially the rotten pork crispy skin, the slightly herbal aroma of pig's trotters and the belly meat cut into small pieces made everyone present even more excited. Several secretly swallowed their saliva.
The host and the others exchanged glasses and ate and drank happily. During the dinner, Chang Kaishen toasted frequently, and soon several people were drinking and looking slightly drunk.
Dr. Zhong was already a little drunk and felt that he could not drink anymore, so he talked about the issue of academic journals.
"You did a great job on the electric motor this time!" Zhong Lishi said. "Record the test data this time. Later, everyone will summarize the parts they are responsible for and put them together to create a core."
What Dr. Zhong calls the "core" is the first academic journal of this time and space: "Nature and Science" organized by the Ministry of Science and Technology and published by the Grand Library. This journal is edited by Zhong Lishi of the Ministry of Science and Technology, and people with the highest professional level in various departments of machinery, metallurgy, chemistry, electrical materials, precision instruments, and biology serve as editors and reviewers. The journal basically contains the latest work achievements and production results of various industrial departments, focusing on the exploration and practice of "replication" and "reproduction" of modern industry under existing conditions by veterans.
The launch of the journal Nature & Science has to some extent replaced the Science and Technology section of the internal forums of the past. As the first five-year plan progressed, the work of each department gradually separated, and everyone was busy working during the day and doing homework at night, and it gradually became deserted.
Many veterans were no strangers to publishing core journals before D-Day. Although writing papers was troublesome, due to the adoption of an active remuneration system-especially the auction of foreign horses, everyone paid more and more attention to circulation coupons. Therefore, submissions are still enthusiastic. This magazine is issued once a month and is distributed free of charge to every veteran. As a supplement to information, it also enables various professionals to understand the work of other departments in a timely manner so as to apply the latest technological developments as soon as possible. In addition to the original volume, a portion of it is also printed and provided to major libraries, schools and professional reference rooms of various enterprises for naturalized civilian scientific and technological personnel to read. For this reason, it is clearly stated in the manuscript invitation that words such as "old time and space" are not allowed in the paper, and references to the history of old science and technology are not allowed. (To be continued...)
