The first sea-6 battle has come to an end. More and more people are eager to see the power of the traveler's first homemade firearm in this time and space. People who have nothing to do for the time being are here, ready to watch the fun. [Full text reading] i.bsp; Lin Shenhe temporarily acted as an artillery instructor, and first demonstrated the entire firing process of the smoothbore cannon. Smoothbore cannons had formed a relatively standardized firing procedure in Europe in the 17th century, with many different special equipment. In addition to ammunition, the most important thing on the gun carriage was the loading tool. It can be said that this gun cannot be fired without a loading tool. During the battle, after the infantry and cavalry attacked the artillery position and occupied the position, if time was short and could not drag away or destroy the artillery, they would try to destroy the loading tools. Similarly, if the artillery needs to abandon its artillery and escape, the first thing to do is to take away the loading tools. This will prevent the enemy from using these artillery to attack us immediately. Secondly, if the position can be retaken, the loading tools can be used to fire immediately.
"What the f*ck is this?" Ying Yu said with emotion as he looked back and forth at these long and short wooden poles. He is a retired 13mm cannon artilleryman, and now he wants a young man who has never been in the army to teach him how to shoot a cannon.
This set of filling tools was drawn by Lin Shenhe one by one in size and shape, and then jointly manufactured by the lumber factory and the machine factory: the first one is a gun brush. The top of the wooden pole is wrapped with wool, which is dipped in water and used to extinguish the residue in the gun barrel. Mars, the artillery team searched the database for a long time and there was no inventory record of wool. The first one was replaced by kapok. The second one was dry artillery brushing, which was similar to the previous one. Its function was to dry the moisture left by the previous step; a top belt The wooden rod of the spiral iron hook is used to remove any remaining paper or fibers in the gun barrel. At that time, the European artillery charges had already adopted quantitative powder packages, and the gunpowder was filled with paper or flannel according to the weight. Package; the enlarged head is the loading rod, which is used to stuff the gunpowder and projectiles. Finally, there is a ignition stick. The original version was relatively complicated, but Lin Shenhe simplified it and replaced it with a captured short spear wrapped with a match rope.
"Let's start the test firing now." After several simulated dumb shots, Lin Shenhe saw that everyone had basically mastered the entire shooting process. It was decided to start shooting in earnest.
For test shooting, the easiest way is to shoot directly into the sea. However, there are no reference objects such as reefs or small islands on the sea outside Bopu, so it is impossible to measure the actual distance of the artillery fire. The final shooting range chosen was a wasteland in the port area. , near Lingaojiao.
Targets were set up on the shooting range, and the soil was piled into twelve small mounds like grave mounds, divided into three groups, with distances ranging from 400 meters, 800 meters to 1200 meters. In addition, a benchmark was erected 1500 meters away.
"Report, how to aim?" Ying Yu had already entered the role of an artilleryman. He suddenly felt that all his artillery knowledge was useless in front of this gun. He had no idea how to use the sight on the barrel or how to measure the angle.
"Use this." Lin Shenhe unloaded a small suitcase from the front car. This box was completely different from the bare wooden box produced by the Bobu Wood Processing Factory. At first glance, it looked like a product with a long history and excellent workmanship.
"This is a real 18th century artillery measuring tool box I brought from the United States."
"This bullshit?" The artillerymen's heads crowded over to see this 19th century antique.
There is something similar to a protractor inside. It is a measuring tool with two copper rulers, one long and one short, nailed into a right angle shape. There is a 1/4 arc ruler connecting the two rulers, with scales engraved on it. Lin Shenhe introduced that this is called a gun gauge, and the purpose of the gun gauge is to measure the elevation angle of the artillery.
He showed everyone how to use it, inserting the long handle into the muzzle, and reading the elevation angle of the barrel on the radian ruler through the vertical line.
"What's the use of this angle?" Lin Shenhe said, "Actually, it has to be coordinated with the shooting table." He showed everyone a table engraved on the inside of the box lid, all in English, with a lot of numbers.
"This is the shooting table. The so-called shooting table refers to the specific shooting data obtained by the factory through target shooting tests before the artillery leaves the factory. For example, if a solid bullet is used, the charge is 1 pound, and the rise is 5 degrees, how far the artillery shell can travel. This There are not only solid bullets on the table, but also data on grenades, shrapnel and incendiary bombs.”
"It's also found on modern artillery." Ying Yu recalled the firing meter on the 13o cannon he had operated.
"Yes, this is how the concept of the shooting table on modern artillery came about. However, the American guy I used to shoot guns with said that this thing originated very early and appeared in the 16th century."
The word "sex" brings out an obscene smile on some people's faces.
"With the firing table, as long as the gunners can estimate the distance, they will know what angle to adjust the gun to." Lin Shenhe picked up another copper square plate with wires.
"This is the regulation, it was the artillery rangefinder at that time." He introduced the principle and use of rangefinder. This is a simple mathematical tool that uses the principle of similar triangles to calculate distances. It is certainly not worth mentioning to travelers who have received complete modern education.
"But, does this thing make sense?" Zhang Bolin asked doubtfully, "We all have telescopes. Can we roughly measure distances with telescopes? There are also special instruments."
"If you want to build an indigenous artillery unit, this one is just right for them. It's simple to make and not difficult to use. It won't hurt if you lose it."
"This is a gun ruler. It's actually a special scale ruler, used to measure the amount of gunpowder." Lin Shenhe took out another copper ruler.
As the propellant of artillery, Western artillery experts believe that the most ideal charge value is when the gunpowder is completely burned, the cannonball will just exit the muzzle. If it is too early, the gunpowder is wasted. If it is too late, the distance between the barrel wall and the cannonball will be Friction causes the initial lowering of the projectile chamber.
This ideal value is of course difficult to achieve, but gunsmiths have been testing the best ammunition-to-munition ratio through experiments. Since the 16th century, European gunsmiths have included a musket ruler with every batch of cannons shipped from the factory. Used by gunners to calculate the charge when using different ammunition.
With the gun ruler, the gunner can roughly calculate the approximate charge of projectiles of different weights through simple calculations. Not only can it save gunpowder and enhance the safety of artillery shooting, it is also of great benefit to the accurate calibration of the range. This technology was introduced to China by Western missionaries in the 17th century. Although China claims to be the earliest inventor of firearms, it has basically no research on gunnery. The concept of gunpowder ratio is relatively vague, and gunpowder loading is very arbitrary. When the battle is fierce, a large amount of gunpowder will be loaded, often causing the gun to explode. Therefore, as soon as the gun ruler was introduced, it was quickly regarded as a "secret method", so that many gunpowder weapons books published at that time either did not mention it at all, or mentioned it briefly.
China understood gunpowder and cannons, but not artillery. This weird contrast made everyone feel a little uncomfortable.
"Start shooting."
Because there is no shooting table available, the traverser starts shooting from the o-degree of the body tube.
The first thing to be tried was the artillery made by traditional cast iron technology. Several people moved the gun mount and aimed at a mound four hundred meters away with the crude front sight on the barrel.
"This accuracy -" Ying Yu felt a bit like an adult playing games with children in a kindergarten.
Smoothbore gun shooting is divided into 11 steps. Because it is cold shooting, the first and second steps are omitted. The gunpowder is fine-grained gunpowder produced by the chemical team using seized black powder to granulate. It is wrapped in rough paper. Each package 25o grams.
"Pack two bags, right?"
"Okay, two bags."
The 6-pound iron round bullet rolled in from the muzzle, and there was no obstruction in the sound. This clearance was well grasped. Zhang Bolin carefully pressed the ammunition firmly with the loading rod - this was considered a technical job and should not be pressed too tightly, otherwise it would cause a smoldering phenomenon and not explode.
Lin Shenhe immediately inserted a long iron awl through the ignition port, broke the powder bag, and then filled the ignition port with gunpowder.
"Get ready to shoot!" As he shouted, the people next to him quickly raised a red flag. A reminder that the cannon is about to be fired.
"fire!"
"Foreign slaves!" someone from the navy commented.
Following Lin Shenhe's roar, Ying Yu, who was in charge of igniting the fire, blew the match rope wrapped around the short iron gun and moved it to the ignition port - his heart was beating so hard that the recruits didn't even have the chance to fire live ammunition for the first time when they came out of the unit. So nervous.
The black powder on the ignition port snorted, and the ignition port spurted out sparks half a foot long like fireworks, making a hissing sound. In an instant, the cannon flew back violently, spraying out thick white smoke and fire. Accompanied by the roar of the cannon, a black cannonball flew out.
"Class!" the navy cheered.
"Traitor! Absolute traitor." Zhang Bolin muttered.
The iron bullet flew 400 meters away, dragging blue smoke, and hit the ground firmly. The dirt mixed with the embers of gunpowder flew up.
"So fierce." Zhang Bolin's face turned ashen. The artilleryman had obviously never actually seen a cannon fire. The violent explosion, the vibration of the cannon's back seat, and the spicy smell of gunpowder made people feel how powerful this thing was. It feels completely different from the past experience of setting off various miscellaneous artillery and large firecrackers.
The cannon moved back a few meters, but the barrel and frame were intact. Lin Shenhe ignored the heat of the artillery and the choking smell of gunpowder smoke, and carefully inspected the barrel.
"How is it?" Ji Wusheng was a little worried. After all, it was the first time in his life to make a cannon.
"everything is normal."
"Don't be careless, and check again to see if there are any cracks or anything like that -" Zhan Wuya reminded, the cast iron cannon is no better than the cannons from modern arsenals, "By the way, I have a flaw detector there, do you want to take it back and take a look? "
"This is unnecessary." Lin Shenhe thought this was too extravagant. "The flaw detector should be used later when the steel cannon is cast."
Ying Yu also ran over, his face stained with the black smoke of gunpowder: "Is the cannon okay?"
"It's okay, it's very strong."
"Let's go and see the condition of the shells together."
