Seeing everyone nodding, Xu He changed the topic and asked: "On the surface, it seems that the act of being filial to your parents is filial piety to your parents in action."
"But in fact, this behavior is caused by our filial heart."
"Therefore, everything is in the original mind!"
"hiss……"
Everyone present understood this sentence.
Including many Imperial College students who have been struggling.
"I understand this sentence. We are not filial for the sake of being filial. We are filial to our parents because we feel that it is right to be filial."
"Yes, according to Zhu Shengren's principles, it is natural law to be filial to parents. But the natural law to be filial to parents is not obtained from our parents, and our parents have never taught us to be filial to them."
"Is this a conscience that comes purely from the heart and has no selfish materialistic desires?"
When Xu He heard these discussions, he smiled slightly and added: "The key point is, even if our parents pass away, our filial piety will not disappear!"
Qiu Teng's expression changed.
The example Xu He gave is simply too tricky.
According to Zhu Xi's Neo-Confucianism, everything must understand the laws of how things operate.
Only by clarifying the operating rules first can you do things without worries.
And Xu He said that we are filial to our parents not because we have failed our parents.
We are filial to our parents because we want to be filial from the bottom of our hearts.
According to what you Zhu Xi said, if our parents are gone, will our filial piety disappear?
Then why do the people of the Wei Dynasty visit their graves during the Qingming Festival?
Before everyone could react.
Xu He continued: "Xueshi Qiu's point of view is Zhu Shengren's Neo-Confucianism, while Tang Jijiu's point of view at this moment is Lu Jiuyuan's Xinxue."
Xu He specifically pointed out here that all opinions are tentative and purely debates. Please do not go on the line and do not engage in personal attacks.
It is very tasteless to engage in personal attacks in academic discussions.
Qiu Teng stared at Xu He with a grimace, wanting to hear what he had to say about Chou Yin Mao.
Tang Lian, on the other hand, smiled and nodded while listening, looking very relaxed.
Xu He set the prerequisites and secured his retreat, and then continued: "Before formally putting forward my arguments for the debate, I would like to first explain Lu Jiuyuan and Zhu Shengren's views on [Principle], [Qi], and [Heart]. Let’s sort out the different understandings, otherwise, I’m afraid I’ll get confused when we talk about it later!”
His self-deprecating words suddenly relaxed the tense atmosphere.
Even the unsmiling Supervisor of Shengyan Hall laughed and waited with interest for Xu He's next words.
Differences in "reason". Zhu Ludu believed that principle is the ultimate origin of everything in the world.
However, Lu Jiuyuan relied on the Confucian thinking model of the unity of nature and man, believing that "the heart is reason" and everything arises from the heart. "The four directions above and below are called the universe, and the past and present are called the universe. The universe is my heart, and my heart is the universe."
"Zi Za Tan" is obviously different from what Zhu Xi said: "Principles are the foundation of the existence of heaven, earth, and characters, and they exist before the universe."
As a result, Zhu Xi advocated learning from Taoism, emphasizing the study of things to achieve knowledge, that is, poor physics, and emphasized the importance of learning knowledge, believing that people's moral standards will surely increase with the increase of knowledge.
Lu Jiuyuan said that "clearing the mind" requires respecting virtue, emphasizing that the purpose of learning is not just to improve knowledge, but to achieve the highest state of morality.
Therefore, the study and research of Confucian classics and the understanding and grasp of external things cannot directly contribute to the goal of improving moral realm.
Because the human heart is the source of morality, the purpose of improving morality can be achieved as long as the structure of human conscience is expanded and improved.
Those who understand, thoughtfully appreciate the meaning of Xu He's words.
Those who don’t understand... forget it, they are already bragging!
“Let’s talk about the differences in [qi]!”
In Lu Jiuyuan's concept, "temperament" is only a physiological and psychological issue, referring to a psychological or physiological state of a person.
He believes that although there is a connection between people's physiological and psychological character and people's social behavior, it is not an inevitable and only relationship. That is, a person's temperament cannot determine a person's good, evil, wise, and foolish, and it cannot determine a person's good and evil qualities. The final destination, learning can change the temperament.
Zhu Xi's Qi is a concept that is opposite to Li. It not only refers to the basis for the creation of all things in the universe, the material materials (plants and trees) that constitute all things, but also refers to the internal factors that form characters (good, evil, wise, and foolish).
Finally, there is the concept of [heart].
Zhu Xi believes that the heart is divided into "human heart" and "dao heart". Dao heart is the embodiment of heavenly principles, "original from the king of life and life", the heart of righteousness and principle, and the ruler of human heart; human heart is the expression of temperament, so it must Accepting the dominion and guidance of the Tao heart is the "heart governing one's temperament."
Lu Jiuyuan believes that the human heart, Taoist heart, only describes the nature and state of the heart from different aspects. If the two are opposed, it is clearly "splitting heaven and man into two." The heart is the essence of human beings and is the ethical instinct.
Xu He spoke very slowly, trying his best to let everyone who wanted to listen hear clearly, and also gave everyone time to think.
Finally, Xu He explained: "Go back to the example I gave at the beginning."
"Then can we think that the affairs within the universe are the affairs within one's own division, and the affairs within one's own division are the affairs within the universe?"
"Can you think that the universe is my heart and my heart is the universe?"
"In other words, the mind is the principle. Whether it is the principles of nature, human principles or physics, they are all only in my heart!"
"People have the same mind and the same principles. Throughout the ages, there is no exception!"
Suddenly, a scholar behind Xu He "enlightened": "Mr. Xu, I have enlightened. It is like reading. As long as we discover our original intention, we don't need to read more and seek truth from books! From now on, we don't need to read. Yes, as long as you ask yourself more, you will understand everything!"
Damn it!
Xu He almost fell down.
He turned to look at the scholar who had just spoken.
I saw that the scholar's face was full of excitement, as if he had discovered a treasure in life.
Brother, I really have to admire what a talent you are.
congratulations……
That’s right!
Xu He nodded and said: "This brother is right, Lu Jiuyuan has something to say [Xue Gouzhiben, I am footnoteing all the six classics]!"
"ah……"
"Can this still happen?"
"Then I'll have a good time studying. I'll go back home. I'm so sleepy early in the morning. In the end, I'll just study for a living. I just need to sort my mind out while I sleep!"
There was a lot of noise below.
Qiu Teng couldn't bear it any longer. He slapped the table and shouted, "Absurd! Ridiculous! Everyone, please be quiet!"
Old Master Qiu exploded.
Xu He's words can no longer be described as heretical.
It’s simply heresy! heresy.
Fortunately, there was no burning at the stake in the Wei Dynasty.
Otherwise, Xu He will definitely get Giordano Bruno’s martyr title today!
