The term "gentleman party" or "villain party" comes from Ouyang Xiu's theory of cronyism.
It is a common doctrine of Confucianism that gentlemen should be a group but not a party, and villains should be a party but not a group. Before the Qingli Reform, Song Renzong banned official cliques. After that, Ouyang Xiu wrote the theory of cliques to rectify the word "clique".
Ouyang Xiu cited the examples of Emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty and Emperor Ling of the Han Dynasty imprisoning famous people in the world, and Emperor Ai of the Tang Dynasty killed the famous people of the world and threw them into the Yellow River, which led to the destruction of the Han and Tang Dynasties.
Cronies are a big taboo for the emperor. Whether you are a gentleman or a villain, there is no difference for the emperor. Ouyang Xiu was forced by his political enemies to write this article, otherwise he would never admit that there is such a thing as a gentleman.
Zhang Yue immediately reprimanded: "How can Wang Yuanze say that he has no father? Where does the talk of cronyism belong to Your Majesty?"
"During the Qing Dynasty, Duke Fan and Duke Ou certainly behaved themselves as virtuous, but how could Duke Xia and Gong Jia behave themselves as unworthy? Duke thinks he is righteous, who would think he is evil?"
After listening to Zhang Yue's righteous rebuke, Wang Yu laughed and said: "I thought Mr. Zhang was someone we could talk to, but I didn't expect that he didn't even have half a true sentence. In this case, Wang has nothing to say."
Zhang Yue said: "What's your reasoning?"
Wang Yu smiled and said: "Everything in the world is generated by the five elements, and then there are benefits and harms, yin and yang. As long as one theory is positive, there must be one theory that is negative, which is coupling. Everything is coupled, and There are couples within couples.”
Wang Yu's words sound very mysterious, but as long as coupling is understood as contradiction, it will be fine.
It is impossible for the court to be without couplings (contradictions). You, Zhang Yue, said that there should be no party of gentlemen and parties of villains, so is there really no party of gentlemen and parties of villains in the world?
The emperor does not admit that he has cronies? Are there no cliques in the world?
Isn't this deception? So what do I have to talk to you about?
Zhang Yueze said: "Yuanze is forcibly dividing you and me by being a party of gentlemen and villains. How dare I ask, who is Uncle Lu Hui (written by Lu Gong)? Who is Han Wei (Han Chiguo)? Who is Zhang Zihou (Zhang Zai)?"
The biggest problem between the Gentleman Party and the Villain Party is that they label people.
Leaving aside Sima Guang, among Jiayou's four friends, Lu Gongzhu and Han Wei all supported your father at first (including Zhang Yue himself). Why did they later oppose your father?
"When Zhang Zihou came to Beijing, my husband humbly asked him, 'With the new policy, if I am afraid that I will not be able to do anything, how about asking me for help?'"
"Zhang Zihou replied that the imperial court will do a lot, and all the people in the world are willing to fight against the enemy. If you are kind to others, you will be familiar with and dare to be endless. If you teach a jade lady to chase after it, then the person will also be inherently incompetent."
"Zhang Zihou also advised the Prime Minister to do great things. He is a gentleman. Why did he leave the capital in such a mess?"
Zhang Yue remembered that Zhang Zai also supported the reform. Wang Anshi summoned him to Beijing to ask for advice humbly. He dismissed him if he didn't agree with him even after two or three words.
Wang Yu clasped his hands behind his back and said with a slight smile: "Mr. Zhang, this way is established in two, formed in three, and transformed into five. These five are the five elements and five things. There are five things in the sky, one is extremely prepared for evil, and the other is extremely evil. It is extremely non-ferocious, and the size and scale of its gifts are unpredictable. However, if you want to achieve something, you must choose the right one. Zhang Mengyang, Uncle Lu Hui, and Han Chiguo attached first and then changed, and none of them could be included."
"Xiangong once said that there is yin and yang, and the one who eliminates the new and the old is heaven. Where there is change, the one who eliminates the new and the old is human. When the new and the old are eliminated, the alternation of yin and yang will inevitably lead to mutual stimulation, the collision of life. Qi. This is also composed of three. The so-called rushing Qi finally falls into Yin and Yang."
Zhang Yue couldn't help but admire Wang Yu's eloquence in the office.
No wonder Wang Anshi praised this son so highly.
Why can’t there be a third party besides the gentlemen’s party and the villain’s party?
Later generations summarized this as Duvajie's law, which means that there is very little room for third parties to survive in politics.
For example, in another time and space history, Su Shi's Shu Party was unable to achieve anything, and this is why.
Therefore, there is no third choice between supporting the reform and opposing the reform.
Why? This is what Wang Yu said, when the new and the old are eliminated, there will be vitality. This qi is peeled off from the two qi of yin and yang in the struggle with each other. The result of the qi is either death or returning to the two qi of yin and yang.
As for the third party, it will either die out or break away for a while and then return to the original team.
Therefore, although Sima Guang is now demoted to the family, he may not have the time to make a comeback in the future. On the contrary, according to Lu Gong, although Han and Wei are still in power, they will probably not make any political achievements.
So Wang Yu asked Zhang Yue, what are your plans now?
Accepting a Hanlin bachelor's degree is undoubtedly the wisest choice, as it is like still having a place in the reform team. But if you don't accept it, you will lose your political influence.
Zhang Yue looked at Wang Yu and said, "Yuanze, Yuanze, I just said that you don't have a father. It's true."
"Do you think that the reform plan came from your husband, not from the emperor?"
After Zhang Yue finished speaking, he clasped his fist in the direction of the North Palace!
That's where Zichen is!
Wang Yu's expression changed. Where did Wang Anshi's power to reform come from? It was granted by the emperor!
Why do you, Wang Yu, have the nerve to say that it was all Wang Anshi's idea? Where does this put the emperor?
At this moment, Wang Yu's momentum dropped slightly for the first time.
But Zhang Yue said: "Isn't the way of the Xia beautiful in the past? The people of Yin thought it was wild, the way of Yin was not beautiful, and the people of Zhou thought it was ghost. Therefore, the laws of Xia were updated in Shang Dynasty, and the laws of Shang were updated in Zhou Dynasty. ."
"The ancestors wrote about Yao and Shun, and wrote about the civil and military affairs of the constitution. The laws of our ancestors are great and beautiful. However, we cannot glue pillars, drums, harps, and carve boats and swords to seek the laws of the ancestors. If we can learn their meaning, this is also the words of Xianggong."
"There is a saying in Zhou Rites that thirty years is a life, so there must be revolution. The key to revolution is not to miss the mark. How can we not miss the mark? There must be revolution in the world (thirty years), but there is no need to be restrained in revolution. In the world. Those who are changeable are the way of heaven. When there are changes to suit their interests, they can then be cured. According to what I see, my husband’s reform may not necessarily lead to it!"
When Wang Yu heard this, he was furious and asked: "My husband is not among them, but Mr. Zhang is the one?"
Zhang Yue said with a smile: "I dare not say it right (you are the right one), but I remember Zhang Zihou's words, if the public treats others well, then people will return kindness to the public."
"If you want to change the law, you should use the Zhou Liwen as a decoration today. You said that the agitation of yin and yang is called invigorating qi. I remember Lao Tzu once said that all things bear yin and embrace yang, and infusing qi is called harmony."
"I dare to ask Yuanze, under the agitation of yin and yang, the qi is peeled off, then the two qi of yin and yang are still the two qi of yin and yang? If Zhang Mou is stubborn, he can change the intention of the father-in-law slightly, so that the world can be harmonious. He, even if Zhang lives in seclusion in the wild and becomes a commoner, why not?"
"In other words, even if there are many untrue and unreasonable things in the world's slander against Mr. Xianggong, is there really not a single word that is beneficial to Mr. Xianggong?"
"In fact, as long as he can do good things to the country and reform, it is enough. If Zhang is not afraid of resigning, why should he regret being a bachelor of Hanlin? In this way, Xianggong and Yuanze look down on Zhang too much."
Wang Yu was at a loss for words. He clearly remembered the shortcomings of Qingmiao at the time. Zhang Yue just changed two places overnight to make this law pass.
It is also true that the new party really attaches great importance to Zhang Yue.
At this moment, Wang Yu also knew that he was completely at a disadvantage, but he refused to admit defeat, so he deliberately provoked him with words: "I didn't expect Zhang Gong's ambition to be so stubborn, and it cannot be transferred. I can only feel sorry for Zhang Gong. It is unwise to do so, and the situation is incomprehensible..."
Wang Yuzheng was about to laugh a few words, but Zhang Yue said: "Yuanze's words are serious. A certain Zhang in the imperial court is just a leaf floating on the big tree, and a drop in Taicang. Zhang has never thought highly of himself, so why should Yuanze think highly of himself?" Zhang, that’s all I’ve said, I won’t send it away!”
Zhang Yue watched Wang Yu leave,
Wang Yu walked out of the courtyard, and Zhang Zhi beside him was startled.
Wang Yu is a man who is very intelligent and talented, just like his father. He has never been at a disadvantage when arguing with others, but now he looks indignant.
"Yuan Ze (have you convinced my uncle)?"
Wang Yu glanced at Zhang Zhi, then at the courtyard gate behind him, and said to Zhang Zhi: "Your uncle's stubbornness is rare in the world. Zizheng, you must not imitate him..."
Zhang Zhi said with consternation: "Yuanze, what are you talking about?"
Wang Yu sneered twice and left.
Zhang Yue looked at Wang Yu's back. Those who supported the new party were gentlemen, those who supported the old party were villains. This is the mistake most people made. Those who supported Wang Anshi demoted Sima Guang to a pulp. Those who supported Sima Guang Demoting Wang Anshi to the point of incompetence.
It seems that Zhang Yue also made this mistake. At the very beginning, he faced Wang Anshi with great admiration, but as a result...
In fact, after having been in contact with Wang Anshi for a long time, Zhang Yue commented on him that although this man's greatness did not detract from his greatness, he became disillusioned after seeing many places up close.
At the same time, Sima Guang's character can be called a gentleman, but there is no way a politician can be a complete gentleman. It is an indisputable fact that his politics are pedantic and conservative.
Don't think of people too well, but don't think of people too badly either. This is true for characters in history, and it's also true for interacting with people in daily life.
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But politically, Wang Yu's approach is right, and this is also a helpless point.
Zhang Zhi went inside and asked Zhang Yue. Zhang Yue briefly explained what Wang Yu had just said to Zhang Zhi.
Zhang Zhi couldn't help but sigh when he heard this: "Why do you have to forcefully divide the gentlemen's party and the villain's party? Is such party fighting unstoppable? In fact, in my opinion, both parties have their own reasons, just like the way of heaven. , When it is time to stop, stop, and when it is time to go, go. It does not mean that if you go, don’t stop, and when you stop, don’t go.”
"It's like driving a carriage. If you want the horse to run fast, just trust the horse to pull the reins. If the horse runs too fast, just pull the reins. Why bother saying this?"
Zhang Yue smiled and said: "Of course, fighting for the benefit of the market and the benefit of the court is no exception in ancient and modern times."
"It's like a village with as many families living from the east to the west of the village. If you were a salesman, where would you set up your stall?"
Zhang Zhi said: "It must be on the road from the east to the west of the village."
"But what if there are two salesmen? What if they can sell almost the same goods?"
"Each quarter will be allocated to the east of the village and one quarter to the west of the village. This way it can be divided equally, which is also convenient for the people."
Zhang Yue shook his head and said: "Wrong, both of them still stay in the village!"
Zhang Zhi was stunned for a moment and then suddenly said: "In this case, only one of the two can stay."
Zhang Yue said: "Yes, so people's temperament has never changed from ancient times to the present!"
