The banquet was in full swing, and Huang Lu had already come out with a wine cup to toast.
Everyone raised their wine cups in return.
When Zhang Yue Wang Anshi arrived at the third level of income, their conversation was drowned out by the noise in the restaurant. At this time Shen Liao had returned and smiled at Zhang Yue and Wang Anshi and asked, "Jiefu, what are you talking about?"
Zhang Yue said with a smile: "Talking about land rent."
Shen Liao nodded and said: "There is no idle land in the world, and farmers are still starving to death. I think the bad things in the world are caused by the rent of this land."
Wang Anshi said: "In the past, Zigong asked Confucius about politics. Confucius said, 'Enough food, enough soldiers, and the people's trust.'"
"Zigong asked, 'I must go to one of them as a last resort, for which one?' The Master said, 'Go to the army.'"
"Zigong said, 'Go one more time?' Confucius said, 'Go and eat. Since ancient times, there has been death, and people cannot stand without faith.'"
"I think Confucius's words are not enough to listen to. The people have no food, so how can they have faith? In the past when Wu started to govern the country, it was based on enriching the country and strengthening the army, and abandoned the theory of vertical and horizontal."
"The people should put adequate food and clothing first, otherwise they will not be able to maintain their faith and military strength."
Zhang Yue thought to himself that Wang Anshi actually criticized Confucius at the table, but he was used to it.
Wang Anshi, Zhang Yue, and Shen Liao were discussing, and all the guests at the table were listening attentively, as if they were being taught seriously.
Not far away, Su Xun and Su Zhe were at a banquet and saw this scene from a distance.
Su Xun stared at Wang Anshi coldly and said to Su Zhe: "My son, please watch out. Today is a happy day. The whole hall is congratulating you. Wang Jiefu is here to talk loudly about political matters."
"Do you still think it's because Yan Yuan and Meng Ke failed to come back? Or is it because they are unable to spread their knowledge all over the world? Such inhumane behavior must be done by inhumane people. Those who are inhumane in everything are rarely treacherous. Er, this is how it is said to stand up the Diao, to change the teeth, and to prescribe prescriptions."
Su Zhe knew that Su Xun criticized Wang Anshi, and Wang Anshi also disliked San Su. He repeatedly criticized San Su's knowledge as nothing more than that of the Warring States strategists.
Shen Liao asked: "What is field rent?"
Everyone looked attentively listening.
Zhang Yue knew that everyone was not as good as Wang Anshi, so he simply spoke plainly.
Zhang Yue said: "When it comes to land rent, it is the difference between price and value... For example, when we go to buy rice, we always say that the price is high or the price is low. Why do we say this because rice has a value in our hearts? The existence of something is higher than the value or lower than the value, so the price is said to be high or low."
"Let's talk about sufficient food and sufficient wealth. Do the people have enough food, or enough wealth? In the past, Guan Zhong had a plan in Hengshan. He first went to Hengshan to buy weapons at high prices. The people in Hengshan abandoned farming and forged iron, so that the farmland was abandoned. After that, Guan Zhong collected grain at high prices. , and bought all the grain. In the end, the Hengshan Kingdom had a lot of money, but no grain to buy, causing famine. In the end, the whole country surrendered."
"So which one is more valuable, a piece of gold or a measure of rice? Everyone talks about gold, but gold cannot cover the belly. Rice is enough to cover the belly, but it is worthless in good years. Why is this?"
"Grain should be more valuable than gold, why is gold more valuable than grain?"
"Therefore, gold is expensive because things are rare, and food is cheap because it is available everywhere. Price has nothing to do with anything else, it only depends on quantity. Knowing the word quantity, you know that price is equal to supply and demand. Why does a bag of rice cost thirty cents? It’s because at thirty cents the amount bought and sold is the same, and it has nothing to do with whether you think it’s expensive or cheap.”
The people at the wine table nodded after hearing this and praised: "Master Zhuangyuan said it well. It is concise and concise. I will understand it as soon as I hear it."
"So how does price relate to value? And how does it differ from land rent?"
Zhang Yueyan said: "Suppose an acre of wheat can be sold for a hundred guan after the autumn harvest in a good year. If I have my own land and seeds, and work hard for a year, except for the taxes and taxes paid to the court, the rest will belong to me. What do you think? objection?"
Everyone nodded.
Zhang Yue said: "If this land is not mine, and I rent it from others, then the annual income of one hundred guan will be mine, except for the land rent."
"After a few years, I felt that I was good at farming, so I asked the landlord to rent an acre of land, hired a day laborer to farm the land, and gave him green crops and cattle farming tools. The rice from this acre of land was sold for another hundred thousand guan. , then except for the rent of the land and the hired workers, all the rest belongs to me.”
"Therefore, among the price of one hundred guan, the labor of hired workers, my surplus and the landowner's rent are divided equally among the three! All the wealth in the world comes from these three categories."
After hearing this, everyone seemed to understand, but Wang Anshi on the side seemed to have grasped something, and his eyes suddenly froze.
Zhang Yue understood that Wang Anshi had touched upon the fundamental issue he was talking about.
What I just said is just the beginning of a huge theoretical framework.
At this time, Shen Tuan and Shen Kuo came to the table to toast. After everyone went to toast, Zhang Yue also raised his cup.
But Wang Anshi said with confusion on his face: "Du Zhicai didn't finish what he said, and I'm afraid others don't know what happened, let alone why!"
Zhang Yue nodded when he heard this and said: "Your Majesty is right, so I don't want to talk any more, even if I only say a few words... But today, there are only three people who can understand what I just said!"
"Three people?" Wang Anshi said with a smile.
Zhang Yue nodded and put down the wine cup, counting on his fingers: "The prince counts as one."
Zhang Yue said and clapped his fingers.
"Lu Jifu (Lu Huiqing) counts as one."
Then he clapped his fingers again.
"And Cai Yuanchang is one of them...as for the others..."
Zhang Yue looked like he was pondering for a while, and finally said dejectedly: "No more!"
After saying this, Zhang Yue raised his cup and left the table to toast Huang Lu.
It feels so good to just show off and run away.
It’s the extra thousand years of experience.
In fact, when marginal utility was discovered, price became the universal magic weapon of economics.
But what does price consist of?
The earliest discoverers believed that price consisted of labor time, but with the development of commerce, the price included parts other than labor time?
Hence the emergence of the theory of surplus value.
Later, the surplus value part was discovered and divided into wages (labor income), profits, and land rent (non-labor income).
So a philosopher discovered a problem from previous research.
Different ways of income represent different ways of possessing the means of production. Because the amount of the means of production is different, all living beings are divided into three levels.
So a school of thought emerged!
So Zhang Yue said that there were only three people in the entire Song Dynasty who understood what he was talking about. That was not a joke. Even Wang Anshi didn't understand, and he was afraid that no one else would understand.
But as long as Wang Anshi understands it, he will support himself in setting up a reference office for the imperial court.
At this moment, Wang Anshi's face was solemn after listening. Just now, Zhang Yue said that there were only three people in the world who understood what he said, but one of them was Wang Anshi.
But Wang Anshi... But he won't admit it...
The only thing Wang Anshi didn't understand was why Zhang Yue had no experience in governing. Although his policy articles were high-level, they did not exceed his expectations, but why was this...
Wang Anshi felt vaguely that he could not see through this young man more and more. There was a fog shrouding Zhang Yue's back, as if there was someone standing there, looking down at him!
